Cloning
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Human cloning can be done through reproductive cloning or therapeutic cloning. Reproductive cloning implants a cloned embryo into a surrogate mother, while therapeutic cloning destroys cloned embryos to harvest stem cells. The cloning process involves removing the DNA from an egg and replacing it with DNA from the organism being cloned. While animals like mice, sheep and monkeys have been successfully cloned, human cloning poses high risks like miscarriage and health issues for the egg donor. The cost of human cloning is between $1.7-2 million. The document discusses pros and cons of using human clones for organ transplants.
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Cloning-Human Cloning
Cloning can be done through somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) or artificial embryo twinning. SCNT involves transferring the nucleus of a somatic cell into an egg cell from which the nucleus has been removed. The embryo is then implanted into a surrogate mother. Dolly the sheep was the first mammal cloned using SCNT. Reproductive cloning has a high failure rate and cloned animals often have health issues. Alternatives like reproductive semi-cloning have been proposed to address ethical concerns while still helping infertility treatments.
Cloning, Animal cloning, clone
its a good type of ppt for understanding cloning and its types. It also enlists the idea of procedure in the lab to initiate initial division of embryo by electric current.
Cloning
This document summarizes the key aspects of cloning, including:
1) Cloning produces genetically identical organisms through artificial means like somatic cell nuclear transfer. Natural identical twins are a form of natural cloning.
2) Therapeutic cloning can be used to create patient-matched stem cells for research and potential future medical treatments by transferring the nucleus of a somatic cell into an egg cell.
3) Reproductive cloning aims to create a new organism but raises significant ethical concerns about undermining individuality and identity. The high failure rate of cloning also raises safety issues.
Cloning(human cloning) sreenivas.m final ppt
cloning types in detail .... easy ppt for seminars....................................................................................................................................................................................
MAMMALIAN CLONING
1) The document discusses various cloning technologies including mammalian cloning, reproductive cloning, gene cloning, and therapeutic cloning.
2) Gene cloning involves locating and copying a gene of interest from an organism's DNA. Therapeutic cloning aims to produce patient-matched cells for transplantation through somatic cell nuclear transfer.
3) The benefits of therapeutic cloning discussed include potential alternatives for organ transplantation and treatment of diseases like leukemia and genetic disorders. However, using embryonic stem cells from aborted fetuses is considered morally problematic by some.
Cloning
Describes different types of cloning, advantages and disadvantages of cloning, ethical implications of cloning animals etc.
Cloning
There are three main types of cloning: gene cloning, reproductive cloning, and therapeutic cloning. Gene cloning involves collecting DNA fragments from an organism and cloning them into vectors. Reproductive cloning produces a genetic duplicate of an existing organism, like Dolly the sheep. It is opposed by some due to safety and ethical concerns. Therapeutic cloning creates embryonic stem cells which researchers hope to use to grow healthy tissues to replace damaged or diseased ones. Cloning offers both potential medical benefits like organ transplants and stem cell therapies, as well as risks like uncertainty in the process, inheriting diseases, and potential for abuse. Any discussion on cloning must consider both its value and inherent risks.
Introduction to cloning
Cloning involves producing genetically identical individuals through asexual reproduction. There are three main types of cloning: gene cloning to copy DNA fragments, cell cloning to duplicate cells, and organism cloning to replicate whole organisms. The cloning process involves inserting the gene of interest into a vector, transforming the vector into a host, and expressing the cloned gene. While cloning has potential medical benefits like creating stem cells or animal disease models, it also raises ethical issues regarding individuality, consent, and reducing genetic diversity.
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Cloning-Human Cloning
Cloning can be done through somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) or artificial embryo twinning. SCNT involves transferring the nucleus of a somatic cell into an egg cell from which the nucleus has been removed. The embryo is then implanted into a surrogate mother. Dolly the sheep was the first mammal cloned using SCNT. Reproductive cloning has a high failure rate and cloned animals often have health issues. Alternatives like reproductive semi-cloning have been proposed to address ethical concerns while still helping infertility treatments.
Cloning, Animal cloning, clone
its a good type of ppt for understanding cloning and its types. It also enlists the idea of procedure in the lab to initiate initial division of embryo by electric current.
Cloning
This document summarizes the key aspects of cloning, including:
1) Cloning produces genetically identical organisms through artificial means like somatic cell nuclear transfer. Natural identical twins are a form of natural cloning.
2) Therapeutic cloning can be used to create patient-matched stem cells for research and potential future medical treatments by transferring the nucleus of a somatic cell into an egg cell.
3) Reproductive cloning aims to create a new organism but raises significant ethical concerns about undermining individuality and identity. The high failure rate of cloning also raises safety issues.
Cloning(human cloning) sreenivas.m final ppt
cloning types in detail .... easy ppt for seminars....................................................................................................................................................................................
MAMMALIAN CLONING
1) The document discusses various cloning technologies including mammalian cloning, reproductive cloning, gene cloning, and therapeutic cloning.
2) Gene cloning involves locating and copying a gene of interest from an organism's DNA. Therapeutic cloning aims to produce patient-matched cells for transplantation through somatic cell nuclear transfer.
3) The benefits of therapeutic cloning discussed include potential alternatives for organ transplantation and treatment of diseases like leukemia and genetic disorders. However, using embryonic stem cells from aborted fetuses is considered morally problematic by some.
Cloning
Describes different types of cloning, advantages and disadvantages of cloning, ethical implications of cloning animals etc.
Cloning
There are three main types of cloning: gene cloning, reproductive cloning, and therapeutic cloning. Gene cloning involves collecting DNA fragments from an organism and cloning them into vectors. Reproductive cloning produces a genetic duplicate of an existing organism, like Dolly the sheep. It is opposed by some due to safety and ethical concerns. Therapeutic cloning creates embryonic stem cells which researchers hope to use to grow healthy tissues to replace damaged or diseased ones. Cloning offers both potential medical benefits like organ transplants and stem cell therapies, as well as risks like uncertainty in the process, inheriting diseases, and potential for abuse. Any discussion on cloning must consider both its value and inherent risks.
Introduction to cloning
Cloning involves producing genetically identical individuals through asexual reproduction. There are three main types of cloning: gene cloning to copy DNA fragments, cell cloning to duplicate cells, and organism cloning to replicate whole organisms. The cloning process involves inserting the gene of interest into a vector, transforming the vector into a host, and expressing the cloned gene. While cloning has potential medical benefits like creating stem cells or animal disease models, it also raises ethical issues regarding individuality, consent, and reducing genetic diversity.
In vitro fertilization
In vitro Fertilization- IVF is a form of assisted reproductive technology (ART).In this special medical techniques are used to help a woman become pregnant. IVF, coupled with embryo transfer, in humans is aimed to enable couples suffering from certain types of sterility to have children.
Babies developed from this approach are known as "test-tube babies."
4 Genetics - Cloning (by Meena)
The document outlines techniques for cloning differentiated animal cells and discusses the ethical issues of therapeutic cloning in humans. It describes the process of cloning differentiated cells which involves removing egg cells from an animal, fusing the egg nucleus with another cell's nucleus using electric shock to initiate cell division. The document then discusses therapeutic cloning in humans, which aims to create embryos for stem cells to treat diseases. It provides arguments for and against therapeutic cloning such as reducing transplant rejection but also playing God and abnormal clones. The document encourages considering these complex ethical issues around therapeutic cloning.
Human cloning
This document discusses human cloning and its various types. There are two main types of cloning: therapeutic cloning, which uses stem cells for medical research purposes by cloning embryos and collecting stem cells, and reproductive cloning, which would clone entire humans by transferring cloned embryo into a uterus. Therapeutic cloning is more accepted but still controversial due to the embryo destruction. Reproductive cloning is deemed unethical as it would create human life solely as an organ donor. The document also notes debates around the ethics of human cloning.
Transplantation
The document discusses stem cell and islet cell research and transplantation. It describes how stem cells were discovered to have regenerative abilities in organs like the brain and muscles. Human embryonic stem cells were first isolated in 1998 and are pluripotent, having the potential to differentiate into many cell types. Islet cell transplantation is discussed as a treatment for diabetes, with the first successful case of living-donor islet transplantation between a mother and daughter described. Challenges and costs of stem cell and islet cell therapies are also mentioned.
Xenotransplantation
Xenotransplantation involves transplanting cells, tissues or organs from animals to humans to address the shortage of human donor organs. The first type attempted was concordant xenotransplantation using organs from primates similar to humans. However, discordant xenotransplantation using organs from pigs is more promising due to similarities in organ size and physiology. Major barriers to xenotransplantation success are hyperacute rejection within minutes due to pre-existing antibodies, acute vascular rejection within days or weeks, and cellular rejection as T-cells recognize the foreign antigens. Strategies to overcome these barriers include genetically modifying pigs to eliminate antigen triggers, depleting antibodies in recipients, and inducing donor-specific tolerance through bone marrow chimerism. Another
Trangenic animals
The document defines transgenic animals as organisms with DNA from another source inserted into their genome, making them genetically modified organisms (GMOs). It provides a brief historical background on early transgenic research and commercialization. The document then categorizes GMOs, describes common methods for producing transgenic animals like embryonic stem cell and pronucleus methods, and gives examples of transgenic mice, fish, cows, pigs, monkeys, and more. It discusses advantages like improved growth and traits, as well as disadvantages like unintended effects and breeding issues. Finally, it outlines applications like producing recombinant proteins, serving as disease models, and aiding medical research.
Pavithra Stem cell biology
This document discusses the various public, legal, scientific, religious, and ethical views and approaches regarding stem cell research. It outlines the main ethical issues that arise during different phases of stem cell research, such as donation of biological materials, destruction of embryos, and risks of clinical trials. It also examines the ethical debates around specific types of stem cell research like embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, fetal stem cells, and somatic cell nuclear transfer. The document emphasizes the need for institutional oversight committees to properly review stem cell research proposals and ensure ethical standards are followed.
Somatic cell cloning
This document discusses genetic manipulation techniques for animals, including somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) cloning. It provides details on the SCNT process, including the Roslin technique used to create Dolly the sheep. Applications of SCNT are described for agriculture, conservation, and medical therapeutics. The document also discusses the success of SCNT, limitations, and ethical concerns regarding genetic manipulation of animals.
antibody engineering and xenotransplantation
This document discusses antibody engineering and xenotransplantation. It defines an antibody and explains how they are engineered at the molecular level to achieve specific functions. It also defines xenotransplantation as transplanting cells, tissues or organs between different species. The document provides a history of xenotransplantation attempts dating back to the 17th century and discusses challenges like rejection and diseases that can be transmitted from pigs to humans. It also discusses some proposed solutions to issues like interrupting the complement cascade or using genetically engineered pigs. The document concludes by discussing some ethical issues regarding xenotransplantation related to religion, animal rights, and arguments for the practice.
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Xenotransplantation involves transplanting organs or cells between different species, such as using pig organs for human transplantation. Researchers are investigating this approach due to severe shortage of human organs. While early attempts date back to the 17th century, significant challenges remain like preventing rejection of non-human tissues. Pigs are a promising donor due to similarities in organ size and lack of risk for human viruses, but the immune system must be overcome to avoid attacking the foreign pig cells and antigens. Future research continues to address these biological barriers through genetic engineering and immunosuppression in order to potentially help thousands awaiting lifesaving transplants.
Cloning
Cloning involves producing genetically identical individuals, copies of DNA, cells, or organisms through biotechnological processes. There are two main types of cloning: reproductive cloning, which generates an animal with the same nuclear DNA as another through somatic cell nuclear transfer; and therapeutic cloning, also called embryo cloning, which produces human embryos for stem cell research to study development and treat disease by extracting stem cells from a blastocyst before the embryo is destroyed.
Xenotransplantation
Xenotransplantation involves transplanting cells, tissues or organs from one species to another. It offers potential treatment for organ failure by using animal organs like from pigs or baboons that are genetically altered with human genes. This aims to trick the immune system into accepting the transplant. Xenotransplants have re-emerged due to the lack of human organs available for transplant. However, there are also risks like potential new zoonotic diseases spreading from animals to humans.
Genetic engineering-stem-cells-and-cloning-
The document discusses genetic engineering, stem cells, and cloning. It defines genetic engineering as the manipulation of an organism's DNA to produce desired traits, but notes it is an imprecise technology. Stem cells are cells that can differentiate into other cell types and have potential medical applications, but their use is controversial. Cloning produces genetically identical organisms and there are three main types, but cloning techniques remain risky and result in many failed pregnancies or deformities in animals.
Mutation powerpoint
Mutations and genetic engineering can alter genes. There are different types of mutations like point mutations, frameshift mutations, and chromosomal inversions that can cause genetic disorders. The Human Genome Project mapped gene sequences to aid in diagnosing and treating diseases. Genetic engineering techniques allow manipulating genes and include gene therapy, transgenic organisms, cloning, and other applications that could help cure diseases but also raise safety concerns if not properly addressed.
Genetic engineering
Genetic engineering allows scientists to directly modify an organism's genes to enhance traits. Examples include crops with increased pest resistance or modified oil content. Cloning organisms is also possible by splitting an early embryo into cells or transferring a cell nucleus into an unfertilized egg. Mutations in human genes occur naturally and can be inherited, unlike artificial changes through genetic engineering. Recombinant DNA techniques have been used to create bacteria that produce human insulin, growth hormone, and vaccines. Dolly the sheep was the first mammal cloned from an adult cell, providing evidence that somatic cell nuclear transfer can recreate a whole organism. While genetic engineering has benefits like curing diseases, some argue it is unethical and should be banned due to
The ethics of human cloning
Cloning involves transferring the nucleus of a somatic cell into an egg cell to produce a genetically identical organism. Human cloning would create an embryo with the entire set of chromosomes from a single human. Current law prohibits knowingly creating or transplanting a human clone, with severe penalties. While some argue cloning could help genetic illnesses or create "super humans", others including the Catholic Church strongly oppose it as harming embryos, devaluing human life, and disrespecting human dignity. If allowed, cloning may open the door to uncontrolled genetic experiments and modification. In conclusion, the document argues that human cloning should not be permitted due to risks of loss of individuality, security breaches, and unethical treatment of failed experiments.
Xenotransplantation
This document discusses xenotransplantation, which is the transplantation of cells, tissues, or organs from one species to another. It provides a brief history of xenotransplantation experiments dating back to the 17th century. Pigs and primates are commonly used as organ donors due to their similarities to human genetics. While xenotransplantation could help address the shortage of human organs, there are also health risks like transmitting diseases. The document examines specific cases where baboon bone marrow and human tumor cells were transplanted into other species and analyzes the results. It concludes by discussing the future potential of using biotechnology to reduce organ rejection and allow xenotransplantation to meet the growing demand for transplants.
Generation of transgenic non human primates with germline transmission
Generation of transgenic non human primates with germline transmissionUniversity Of Wuerzburg,Germany
Understanding of Models use for biomedical research who have similar physiological function like humans ,and the how to generate and which models are useful Transgenic animals
A transgenic animal is one whose genome has been altered by the transfer of a gene or genes from another species or breed.
Xenotransplantation
This document discusses the history and current state of xenotransplantation, which is the transplantation of living cells, tissues, or organs between different species. It traces early attempts using animal tissues in humans back to the 17th century. More recent research has involved transplanting organs from primates and pigs into humans with limited success due to immune rejection. While the need for donor organs is growing, current research focuses on genetically modifying pigs to reduce rejection and prevent disease transmission. However, ethical concerns remain regarding animal welfare and public health risks.
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The Turquoise Chandigarh sits in the Shivaliks at the foot of the Himalayas. With 71 stylish rooms and the first rooftop revolving restaurant lounge and bar, guests are guaranteed an experience that blends the traditional of India with modern comforts. Rich fabrics and stylish furniture make every stay perfect.
Cloning
This document provides an overview of cloning including:
1) A brief history of cloning experiments dating back to the 1800s and important early experiments on frogs and mammals.
2) An explanation of the three main methods scientists use to clone cells: blastomere separation, blastocyst division, and somatic cell nuclear transfer.
3) A discussion of the potential benefits of cloning such as developing cures for diseases using stem cells and preserving endangered species.
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In vitro fertilization
In vitro Fertilization- IVF is a form of assisted reproductive technology (ART).In this special medical techniques are used to help a woman become pregnant. IVF, coupled with embryo transfer, in humans is aimed to enable couples suffering from certain types of sterility to have children.
Babies developed from this approach are known as "test-tube babies."
4 Genetics - Cloning (by Meena)
The document outlines techniques for cloning differentiated animal cells and discusses the ethical issues of therapeutic cloning in humans. It describes the process of cloning differentiated cells which involves removing egg cells from an animal, fusing the egg nucleus with another cell's nucleus using electric shock to initiate cell division. The document then discusses therapeutic cloning in humans, which aims to create embryos for stem cells to treat diseases. It provides arguments for and against therapeutic cloning such as reducing transplant rejection but also playing God and abnormal clones. The document encourages considering these complex ethical issues around therapeutic cloning.
Human cloning
This document discusses human cloning and its various types. There are two main types of cloning: therapeutic cloning, which uses stem cells for medical research purposes by cloning embryos and collecting stem cells, and reproductive cloning, which would clone entire humans by transferring cloned embryo into a uterus. Therapeutic cloning is more accepted but still controversial due to the embryo destruction. Reproductive cloning is deemed unethical as it would create human life solely as an organ donor. The document also notes debates around the ethics of human cloning.
Transplantation
The document discusses stem cell and islet cell research and transplantation. It describes how stem cells were discovered to have regenerative abilities in organs like the brain and muscles. Human embryonic stem cells were first isolated in 1998 and are pluripotent, having the potential to differentiate into many cell types. Islet cell transplantation is discussed as a treatment for diabetes, with the first successful case of living-donor islet transplantation between a mother and daughter described. Challenges and costs of stem cell and islet cell therapies are also mentioned.
Xenotransplantation
Xenotransplantation involves transplanting cells, tissues or organs from animals to humans to address the shortage of human donor organs. The first type attempted was concordant xenotransplantation using organs from primates similar to humans. However, discordant xenotransplantation using organs from pigs is more promising due to similarities in organ size and physiology. Major barriers to xenotransplantation success are hyperacute rejection within minutes due to pre-existing antibodies, acute vascular rejection within days or weeks, and cellular rejection as T-cells recognize the foreign antigens. Strategies to overcome these barriers include genetically modifying pigs to eliminate antigen triggers, depleting antibodies in recipients, and inducing donor-specific tolerance through bone marrow chimerism. Another
Trangenic animals
The document defines transgenic animals as organisms with DNA from another source inserted into their genome, making them genetically modified organisms (GMOs). It provides a brief historical background on early transgenic research and commercialization. The document then categorizes GMOs, describes common methods for producing transgenic animals like embryonic stem cell and pronucleus methods, and gives examples of transgenic mice, fish, cows, pigs, monkeys, and more. It discusses advantages like improved growth and traits, as well as disadvantages like unintended effects and breeding issues. Finally, it outlines applications like producing recombinant proteins, serving as disease models, and aiding medical research.
Pavithra Stem cell biology
This document discusses the various public, legal, scientific, religious, and ethical views and approaches regarding stem cell research. It outlines the main ethical issues that arise during different phases of stem cell research, such as donation of biological materials, destruction of embryos, and risks of clinical trials. It also examines the ethical debates around specific types of stem cell research like embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, fetal stem cells, and somatic cell nuclear transfer. The document emphasizes the need for institutional oversight committees to properly review stem cell research proposals and ensure ethical standards are followed.
Somatic cell cloning
This document discusses genetic manipulation techniques for animals, including somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) cloning. It provides details on the SCNT process, including the Roslin technique used to create Dolly the sheep. Applications of SCNT are described for agriculture, conservation, and medical therapeutics. The document also discusses the success of SCNT, limitations, and ethical concerns regarding genetic manipulation of animals.
antibody engineering and xenotransplantation
This document discusses antibody engineering and xenotransplantation. It defines an antibody and explains how they are engineered at the molecular level to achieve specific functions. It also defines xenotransplantation as transplanting cells, tissues or organs between different species. The document provides a history of xenotransplantation attempts dating back to the 17th century and discusses challenges like rejection and diseases that can be transmitted from pigs to humans. It also discusses some proposed solutions to issues like interrupting the complement cascade or using genetically engineered pigs. The document concludes by discussing some ethical issues regarding xenotransplantation related to religion, animal rights, and arguments for the practice.
Sbi4 u xenotransplantation
Xenotransplantation involves transplanting organs or cells between different species, such as using pig organs for human transplantation. Researchers are investigating this approach due to severe shortage of human organs. While early attempts date back to the 17th century, significant challenges remain like preventing rejection of non-human tissues. Pigs are a promising donor due to similarities in organ size and lack of risk for human viruses, but the immune system must be overcome to avoid attacking the foreign pig cells and antigens. Future research continues to address these biological barriers through genetic engineering and immunosuppression in order to potentially help thousands awaiting lifesaving transplants.
Cloning
Cloning involves producing genetically identical individuals, copies of DNA, cells, or organisms through biotechnological processes. There are two main types of cloning: reproductive cloning, which generates an animal with the same nuclear DNA as another through somatic cell nuclear transfer; and therapeutic cloning, also called embryo cloning, which produces human embryos for stem cell research to study development and treat disease by extracting stem cells from a blastocyst before the embryo is destroyed.
Xenotransplantation
Xenotransplantation involves transplanting cells, tissues or organs from one species to another. It offers potential treatment for organ failure by using animal organs like from pigs or baboons that are genetically altered with human genes. This aims to trick the immune system into accepting the transplant. Xenotransplants have re-emerged due to the lack of human organs available for transplant. However, there are also risks like potential new zoonotic diseases spreading from animals to humans.
Genetic engineering-stem-cells-and-cloning-
The document discusses genetic engineering, stem cells, and cloning. It defines genetic engineering as the manipulation of an organism's DNA to produce desired traits, but notes it is an imprecise technology. Stem cells are cells that can differentiate into other cell types and have potential medical applications, but their use is controversial. Cloning produces genetically identical organisms and there are three main types, but cloning techniques remain risky and result in many failed pregnancies or deformities in animals.
Mutation powerpoint
Mutations and genetic engineering can alter genes. There are different types of mutations like point mutations, frameshift mutations, and chromosomal inversions that can cause genetic disorders. The Human Genome Project mapped gene sequences to aid in diagnosing and treating diseases. Genetic engineering techniques allow manipulating genes and include gene therapy, transgenic organisms, cloning, and other applications that could help cure diseases but also raise safety concerns if not properly addressed.
Genetic engineering
Genetic engineering allows scientists to directly modify an organism's genes to enhance traits. Examples include crops with increased pest resistance or modified oil content. Cloning organisms is also possible by splitting an early embryo into cells or transferring a cell nucleus into an unfertilized egg. Mutations in human genes occur naturally and can be inherited, unlike artificial changes through genetic engineering. Recombinant DNA techniques have been used to create bacteria that produce human insulin, growth hormone, and vaccines. Dolly the sheep was the first mammal cloned from an adult cell, providing evidence that somatic cell nuclear transfer can recreate a whole organism. While genetic engineering has benefits like curing diseases, some argue it is unethical and should be banned due to
The ethics of human cloning
Cloning involves transferring the nucleus of a somatic cell into an egg cell to produce a genetically identical organism. Human cloning would create an embryo with the entire set of chromosomes from a single human. Current law prohibits knowingly creating or transplanting a human clone, with severe penalties. While some argue cloning could help genetic illnesses or create "super humans", others including the Catholic Church strongly oppose it as harming embryos, devaluing human life, and disrespecting human dignity. If allowed, cloning may open the door to uncontrolled genetic experiments and modification. In conclusion, the document argues that human cloning should not be permitted due to risks of loss of individuality, security breaches, and unethical treatment of failed experiments.
Xenotransplantation
This document discusses xenotransplantation, which is the transplantation of cells, tissues, or organs from one species to another. It provides a brief history of xenotransplantation experiments dating back to the 17th century. Pigs and primates are commonly used as organ donors due to their similarities to human genetics. While xenotransplantation could help address the shortage of human organs, there are also health risks like transmitting diseases. The document examines specific cases where baboon bone marrow and human tumor cells were transplanted into other species and analyzes the results. It concludes by discussing the future potential of using biotechnology to reduce organ rejection and allow xenotransplantation to meet the growing demand for transplants.
Generation of transgenic non human primates with germline transmission
Generation of transgenic non human primates with germline transmissionUniversity Of Wuerzburg,Germany
Understanding of Models use for biomedical research who have similar physiological function like humans ,and the how to generate and which models are useful Transgenic animals
A transgenic animal is one whose genome has been altered by the transfer of a gene or genes from another species or breed.
Xenotransplantation
This document discusses the history and current state of xenotransplantation, which is the transplantation of living cells, tissues, or organs between different species. It traces early attempts using animal tissues in humans back to the 17th century. More recent research has involved transplanting organs from primates and pigs into humans with limited success due to immune rejection. While the need for donor organs is growing, current research focuses on genetically modifying pigs to reduce rejection and prevent disease transmission. However, ethical concerns remain regarding animal welfare and public health risks.
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Generation of transgenic non human primates with germline transmission
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Cloning
This document provides an overview of cloning including:
1) A brief history of cloning experiments dating back to the 1800s and important early experiments on frogs and mammals.
2) An explanation of the three main methods scientists use to clone cells: blastomere separation, blastocyst division, and somatic cell nuclear transfer.
3) A discussion of the potential benefits of cloning such as developing cures for diseases using stem cells and preserving endangered species.
Human cloning
The document discusses several topics related to genetics and human cloning including:
1. It provides an overview of genetic disorders including multifactorial disorders, chromosome abnormalities, and single-gene disorders.
2. It discusses reasons why human cloning should not be pursued, noting the lack of scientific expertise, health risks to clones, and ethical concerns about cloned humans.
3. In conclusion, the document determines that human cloning is a bad idea given current limitations and risks.
Genetic engineering (cloning)
The document is a 11-page presentation about genetic engineering and cloning that was created using Haiku Deck presentation software. It provides information on topics such as genetic engineering techniques like cloning as well as some of the debates around issues like human cloning.
Cloning
This document provides an overview of the three main types of cloning: molecular cloning, cellular cloning, and organism cloning. It then discusses why the topic of cloning was chosen - because it is a subject that many people have heard of but may not fully understand how scientists perform cloning. The presentation is aimed at students, families, and the general public to educate them on cloning. It also highlights Professor Keith Campbell's contribution to cloning the famous sheep Dolly and provides details on where the extract about him was found.
Human cloning - religious perspective
The document discusses different religious views on cloning. It summarizes the views of Islam, Judaism, and Catholicism. According to Islam, cloning humans is considered murder and disrespectful. Judaism views therapeutic cloning positively as it could lead to cures, but has concerns with reproductive cloning. The Catholic Church condemns all human cloning and stem cell research using embryos, believing life begins at conception. In conclusion, most religions have a negative view of human cloning, though therapeutic cloning is supported in Judaism.
Ethics Of Cloning On A Global Scale
Informative slideshow about the ethics of cloning and provides viewpoints about cloning from around the world.
Cloning presentation
Cloning involves using genetic material or DNA to create an identical copy of an organism. Cloning occurs naturally in nature but can also be done artificially. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved meat from cloned animals to be sold for human consumption.
Biotechnology
This document discusses biotechnology and genetic engineering. It provides examples of how biotechnology is used in forensics, agriculture, and genetic engineering. Genetic engineering involves transferring genes between organisms, such as placing human genes in bacteria. The document also discusses applications of genetic engineering like creating pest-resistant and herbicide-resistant crops through biotechnology techniques.
4.4 genetic engineering & biotechnology
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is used to copy and amplify minute quantities of DNA without bacteria. In gel electrophoresis, DNA fragments move in an electric field and are separated by size, and this technique is used in DNA profiling to determine paternity or for forensic investigations. Genetic engineering techniques like PCR, gel electrophoresis, and DNA profiling have various applications and social implications.
Gene Cloning
Gene cloning involves the following main steps:
1. Isolation of DNA using restriction enzymes to cut the DNA into fragments.
2. Insertion of the fragments into plasmid vectors using DNA ligase.
3. Transformation of host bacteria with the recombinant DNA plasmids.
4. Selection and amplification of bacteria containing the gene of interest using antibiotic resistance markers on the plasmid.
Human cloning
This document provides an overview of human cloning, including:
- An introduction to different types of cloning like reproductive cloning used to create Dolly the sheep and therapeutic cloning to grow stem cells.
- Examples of human cloning research like the first hybrid human clone created in 1998.
- Pros and cons of human cloning that address issues like reduced individuality but also curing disease.
- Discussion of the future of human cloning and debates around ethics and whether people would clone themselves.
- FAQs that address if cloning a human is possible and what countries allow certain types of cloning research.
الاستنساخ والخلايا الجذعية
الخلايا الجذعية وتطبيقاتها
الاستنساخ وعلاقته مع الخلايا الجذعية
استنساخ البشر واخر ابحاثها
2014
استنساخ النعجة دولي
كيفية اجراء الاستنساخ
هل يمكن استنساخ البشر ؟؟
Cloning Presentation
There are three main types of cloning: 1) DNA cloning which clones genes for uses like protein production and vaccine development, 2) reproductive cloning which produces genetically identical animals but risks are high inefficiency and potential harm, and 3) therapeutic cloning which produces stem cells for research on treating diseases but risks include killing embryos.
Molecular Cloning - Vectors: Types & Characteristics
Vectors are DNA molecules that can carry foreign DNA fragments into host cells. There are two main types of vectors: cloning vectors for propagating DNA inserts and expression vectors for expressing inserted DNA. Common vector types include plasmids, bacteriophages, cosmids, and artificial chromosomes. Vectors must have key characteristics like the ability to self-replicate, selectable markers, and origins of replication to successfully clone and transfer DNA.
Gene cloning
Gene cloning involves copying a gene and inserting it into a self-replicating vector to produce multiple copies of the gene. PCR (polymerase chain reaction) is a technique used to amplify specific genes. Both gene cloning and PCR are important for obtaining pure samples of genes and amplifying them for various applications like sequencing, expression of proteins, and genetic engineering.
DNA Cloning
This document provides an overview of DNA cloning. It begins by defining cloning as making identical copies of DNA, genes, or cells. The basic steps of DNA cloning are described, including using a source DNA, vector, restriction enzymes to cut DNA, ligation to join DNA fragments, transformation of host bacteria, and selection of recombinant clones. Common vectors like plasmids are discussed along with selection techniques like blue-white screening. The document emphasizes that the goal is to generate multiple copies of the cloned insert DNA. Examples are given of important medical and agricultural applications of cloning genes.
Gene cloning
Gene cloning involves making many identical copies of a gene. It differs from cloning an entire organism. Gene cloning is done to isolate and study particular genes, identify control sequences and mutations, and engineer organisms for specific purposes like insulin production. It is accomplished by extracting DNA from an organism, cutting it into pieces with restriction enzymes, and inserting the gene of interest into bacterial plasmids which are then taken up by bacteria. This allows the gene to be amplified as the bacteria containing the recombinant plasmid multiply. PCR is another method that amplifies DNA fragments in vitro using heat-stable DNA polymerase and repeated heating and cooling cycles.
Cloning Vector
The document discusses different types of gene cloning vectors including plasmids, bacteriophages, cosmids, and phagemids. Plasmid vectors like pBR322 contain selectable markers and a multiple cloning site. Bacteriophage vectors like lambda phage infect bacteria and can carry larger DNA inserts. Cosmid vectors combine properties of plasmids and phages to clone fragments up to 50kb. All of these vector types allow cloning and replication of foreign DNA fragments in host cells.
Gene Cloning
The document discusses cloning and recombinant DNA technology. It defines cloning as making identical copies of a molecule such as a gene. Recombinant DNA technology allows genes to be isolated, modified, and expressed in new hosts. One technique is inserting a foreign gene into a bacterial plasmid, which then replicates and produces multiple copies of the gene. Restriction enzymes and ligases are used to cut and paste DNA fragments for cloning.
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Similar to Cloning
Reproductive Biotechnology
Dr. B. Victor is a retired biology professor with over 32 years of experience teaching and researching reproductive technology in fishes. His presentation outlines various forms of reproduction including asexual, sexual, and parthenogenesis. It also discusses cloning technology such as embryo splitting, nuclear transfer, and the three main types of cloning - recombinant DNA cloning, reproductive cloning, and therapeutic cloning. The benefits and applications of cloning as well as techniques for transgenic animal production are also summarized.
8071790.ppt
Cloning involves making an identical organism through nonsexual means. There are three main types of cloning: recombinant DNA cloning, which transfers DNA between organisms; reproductive cloning, which generates an animal with the donor's nuclear DNA; and therapeutic cloning, which produces embryos for stem cell research. While cloning technologies offer potential medical benefits, current methods have low success rates and cloned animals often have health issues. More research is still needed to fully understand cloning and its risks.
Cloning
Cloning involves producing genetically identical individuals through recombinant DNA technology and molecular cloning techniques. There are several types of cloning including DNA cloning, reproductive cloning, and therapeutic cloning. Reproductive cloning uses somatic cell nuclear transfer to generate an animal with the same nuclear DNA as another existing or previously existing animal. Therapeutic cloning produces human embryos for stem cell research to study development and treat diseases. While cloning research has potential benefits, there are also significant health and ethical risks involved especially for reproductive cloning in humans.
Reproductive clonning
Reproductive cloning involves transferring the nucleus of a donor adult cell into an egg cell that has had its nucleus removed. The cloned embryo is then implanted into a surrogate mother. Dolly the sheep, born in 1996, was the first mammal cloned using this method. The document discusses the process used to create Dolly, involving transferring the nucleus of an adult sheep cell into an enucleated sheep egg cell. While cloning has potential advantages like organ replacement, cloned animals often exhibit abnormalities and there are ethical concerns about cloning humans.
Human cloning
Work done by students under the project Connecting Classrooms on January 2012. Escola Secundária da Póvoa de Lanhoso, Portugal.
Transgenic animal prof.a.k.saha
Transgenic animals are genetically engineered to contain extra genes. This seminar discusses methods for creating transgenic animals like microinjection, embryonic stem cell transfer, and nuclear transfer. Microinjection involves injecting foreign genes into fertilized eggs. Embryonic stem cell transfer modifies stem cells in culture before implanting in blastocysts. Nuclear transfer fuses donor cell nuclei with egg cells. Examples given include producing human proteins in cow's milk and human hemoglobin in pigs. While transgenic animals could benefit humans, the process is inefficient and risky for animal health.
Oxford2005 (1)
This document discusses human reproductive cloning and presents arguments in favor of it. It summarizes studies that have cloned human cells into cow eggs, achieving embryonic development. It acknowledges criticisms of cloning but argues that cloning research in animals has achieved high success rates. The document urges that public hostility towards human cloning may be unfounded and that cloning could help infertile patients have biologically-related children. Overall, it aims to make the case that human reproductive cloning should be pursued as a treatment option and that the choice to clone belongs to individuals, not others.
複製 Oxford2005
1. The document discusses human reproductive cloning and whether it should be pursued as a way to help infertile patients have biologically related children.
2. Studies showed that cloning techniques developed for animals can be applied to human cells, successfully generating human-animal hybrid embryos.
3. However, critics argue that cloning is inefficient and risky, and may produce unhealthy offspring, while proponents counter that success rates are improving and critics misrepresent facts.
複製 Oxford2005 (1)
This document discusses human reproductive cloning and presents arguments in favor of it. It summarizes studies that have cloned human cells into cow eggs, achieving embryonic development. It acknowledges criticisms of cloning but argues that cloning research in animals has achieved high success rates. The document urges that people who are infertile deserve the option of cloning to have genetically related children. However, it does not claim to have cloned a human being.
Oxford2005
1. The document discusses human reproductive cloning and whether it should be pursued as a way to help infertile patients have biologically related children.
2. Studies showed that cloning techniques developed for animals can be applied to human cells, successfully generating human-animal hybrid embryos.
3. However, critics argue that cloning is inefficient and unsafe, and may produce unhealthy offspring, while proponents counter that success rates are improving and critics misrepresent facts.
4. The debate centers around whether infertile patients should have the right to attempt cloning to have biological children, or if it is too experimental and risky.
Cloning
Cloning involves producing genetically identical organisms through laboratory procedures. Dr. Ian Wilmut first produced a cloned sheep named Dolly using nuclear transplantation, removing the nucleus from a sheep egg cell and replacing it with the nucleus of an udder cell. The egg was then implanted into a surrogate mother sheep and developed into Dolly, who was genetically identical to the sheep that donated the udder cell nucleus. Cloning offers potential benefits like preserving endangered species and growing organs for transplantation, but cloned animals may face health issues and shorter lifespans due to genetic abnormalities acquired from the donor somatic cell.
Gene Clo Ning
The document discusses different types of cloning technologies including DNA cloning, reproductive cloning, and therapeutic cloning. DNA cloning involves transferring a DNA fragment from one organism to a self-replicating vector like a bacterial plasmid to generate multiple copies. Reproductive cloning aims to generate an animal with the same nuclear DNA as another through somatic cell nuclear transfer, while therapeutic cloning seeks to produce human embryos for stem cell research. Both cloning techniques are controversial due to safety and ethical concerns.
Cloning
cloning: objectives. creation of transgenic animals- other developments in cloning. human cloning. ethics of cloning
cell cloning- Therapeutic and reproductive cloning
Cloning is a process where genetically identical types of cells, tissues or organism is being produced. There are two types of cloning- Reproductive and therapeutic cloning.
Unit 4
Cloning involves making an exact genetic copy of an organism. There are two main methods - artificial embryo twinning and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), the method used to create Dolly the sheep. While cloning technology could help treat diseases, there are also significant ethical concerns about human cloning including challenges to individuality, legal issues, and potential health risks to cloned individuals. Overall, most experts argue that human reproductive cloning should not be allowed given current scientific limitations and serious ethical issues. Therapeutic cloning using SCNT to derive stem cells for research is seen as more promising but also raises ethical debates.
History of Cloning and Ethical Issues of Human Cloning
Describes the history of cloning, How it developed to date.
For Scientific Free Lectures, Visit - http://bit.ly/VisitZofirAcademy
Human cloning
Human cloning involves creating a genetically identical copy of a human. There are three main types: recombinant DNA cloning which transfers DNA between organisms; reproductive cloning used to create an organism like Dolly the sheep; and therapeutic cloning which produces embryos for stem cell research. While cloning raises legal and ethical issues, proponents argue it could benefit cosmetic surgery and organ transplants by providing genetically matched tissues and organs with no risk of rejection. However, critics argue cloning threatens individuality and could be misused for eugenics or playing God by interfering with natural procreation.
Animal Cloning Procedure, Problems and Perspectives
Cloning in farm animals has problems and perspectives. Key issues include developmental anomalies in cloned animals, the large offspring syndrome observed in cattle and sheep clones, and safety apprehensions regarding meat and milk from cloned animals. However, cloning also has potential applications for transgenic animal production, creating disease models, bioreactors, and research into xenotransplantation. It allows the propagation of elite livestock and conservation of endangered species. Further optimization is needed to improve cloning efficiency and resolve health issues.
Gene cloning prof.a.k.saha
Genetic engineering involves manipulating genetic material and inserting it into cells so that it is passed on to progeny cells. Gene cloning involves inserting a fragment of DNA carrying a gene into a cloning vector, which is then propagated into many copies of recombinant DNA. Plasmids are commonly used as vectors because they are small, contain restriction sites for inserting DNA, and have markers like antibiotic resistance. While cloning technologies offer potential benefits, reproductive cloning has low efficiency rates and cloned animals often have health problems. Therapeutic cloning aims to generate stem cells for research and treatment without creating human clones.
Human clonning....
learner will explore their knowledge of cloning and its types.
techniques to be useful for the updation.
Similar to Cloning (20)
cell cloning- Therapeutic and reproductive cloning
cell cloning- Therapeutic and reproductive cloning
History of Cloning and Ethical Issues of Human Cloning
History of Cloning and Ethical Issues of Human Cloning
Animal Cloning Procedure, Problems and Perspectives
Animal Cloning Procedure, Problems and Perspectives
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Cloning
- 1. CLONING Me, Myself and I (Wilbur, Reed, and Messer)
- 2. Types of Cloning Processes Human Cloning: implanting/attempting to implant the product of nuclear transplantation into a uterus or the functional equivalent of a uterus. Reproductive Cloning: implanting the new DNA- containing egg into a mother surrogate. Therapeutic Cloning: Cloned embryos are destroyed to make embryonic stem cells.
- 3. Cloning Vocabulary Semiotic Cell Nuclear Transfer (SCNT) : Cloning process, replace the DNA-containing nucleus within the egg with the nucleus of the person being cloned, replace one gene-filled ball with another. Vitro Fertilization: Test-Tube baby technology
- 4. Safety Risks Development Problems High chance for miscarriage and C-Section Infection, loss of fertility, stroke, and, in rare cases, death are risks of the egg donor.
- 5. Cost of Cloning Animal Cloning: around $155,000 Human Cloning: Between $1.7 million and 2 million
- 7. Proposition 1: (Austin) Human clones should be used for organ transplants and blood transfusions. In the pursuit of biological knowledge and medical treatments for the price of harvesting and destroying clones/clone embryos. One life for many.
- 10. Clone of Austin