The document outlines the classification of data, which can be categorized into geographical, chronological, qualitative, and quantitative classifications. Geographical classification pertains to the location, chronological involves time-based grouping, qualitative refers to attribute-based data, and quantitative deals with measurable characteristics. Examples are provided for each classification type to illustrate their application.

1. Prepared By
T.Manoj Kumar
Assistant Professor

2. Classification of data
Meaning : Classification of data is the
process of grouping the data or segregating
it, to represent it in a much meaningful
way.

3. Classification of data
Classification
Geographical chronological Qualitative Quantitative

4. Classification of data
Geographical Classification
When data are classified with reference to geographical locations such as countries,
states, cities, districts, etc., it is known as geographical classification.
It is also known as ‘spatial classification’.
Example
Place Steel Industry
Orissa 18
Jharkhand 15
Chattisgarh 13
Punjab 10
Mumbai 8

5. Classification of data
Chronological Classification
• A classification where data are grouped according
to time is known as a chronological classification.
• In such a classification, data are classified either
in ascending or in descending order with
reference to time such as years, quarters,
months, weeks, etc.
• It is also known as temporal classification’.

6. Classification of data
Chronological Classification
Example
Year Tractor Sales (in units)
2017 1,00,00
2018 1,15.456
2019 1,36.876
2020 1,52.477
2021 1,54,947

7. Classification of data
Qualitative Classification
Data classified in respect of an attribute are referred to as
qualitative data.
Data on nationality, gender, smoking habit of a group of
individuals are examples of qualitative data.
Lastly, when the data are classified in respect of a
variable, say height, weight, profits, salaries etc., they
are known as quantitative data.

8. Classification of data
Qualitative Classification
Example Gender
Male
Educated Uneducated
Female
Educated Uneducated

9. Classification of data
Quantitative classification refers to the classification of data
according to some characteristics that can be measured
numerically such as height, weight, income, age, sales, etc.
For example, the employees of an institute may be classified
according to their pay scales as follows

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