A video of a child being sexually harassed in a car in Dammam, Saudi Arabia was posted on social media. The video helped police identify and arrest the suspect. A lawyer said the suspect faces up to 15 years in prison if convicted. The authorities reviewed the video to determine if the driver's behavior was inappropriate before making the arrest.

2. ISSUES
1. Medical
2. Legal Issues
3. Ethical Issues
4. Psycho-social Issue
5. Psychiatric

3. Child abuse video on social
media helps police arrest
suspect: ARABNEWS 19/04/2015
 A video clip of a child being sexually
harassed by a driver in Dammam and
posted on social networking sites helped the
police in tracing the car in which the crime
happened and nabbing the culprit.
 The suspect has been arrested and referred
to the Bureau of Investigation and Public
Prosecution.

4.  Al-Ruqaiti said that the authorities monitored
the video clip to ensure whether the driver’s
behavior with the child was inappropriate and
if he could be charged before making the arrest.
 Dr. Ahmad Sudairi, a lawyer and legal counselor,
said that the suspect may get imprisonment up
to 15 years after his conviction.
 Forms of child sexual abuse include asking or
pressuring a child to engage in sexual activities,
indecent exposure to a child or physical sexual
contact with a child.
http://www.arabnews.com/saudi-arabia/news/734576

5. What is Child Abuse
 “child maltreatment constitutes all forms
of physical and/or emotional ill-treatment,
sexual abuse, neglect or negligent
treatment or commercial or other
exploitation, resulting in actual or potential
harm to the child’s health, survival,
development or dignity in the context of a
relationship of responsibility, trust or
power” (Krug et al., 2002).
www.unicef.org/eapro

6. CHILD ABUSE
 Child abuse is the physical, sexual or
emotional maltreatment or neglect
of a child or children.
 Child maltreatment as any act or
series of acts of commission or
omission by a parent or caregiver,
or Unknown that results in harm,
threat to child.
Copyright by Dr Imran Sabri, Email:imransabri@gmail.com

10. Types of Child Abuse
1. Physical Abuse
2. Sexual Abuse
3. Emotional/Psychological Abuse
4. Child Neglect
 Psychosocial Abuse
 Exploitation
www.unicef.org/eapro

11. Effects of Child Abuse
Physical
Emotional
Psychological including
psychosocial
Psychiatric

12. Types of Child Neglect
 Medical
 Nutritional
 Educational
 Abandonment
 Emotional

13. Signs and Signals: Child
 Unexplained injuries of different stages
 Sudden changes in behavior.
 Not received help for medical problems.
 learning problems.
 Always watchful and alert.
 Lacks adult supervision.
 Fear of going home
 Discloses maltreatment
Copyright by Dr Imran Sabri, Email:imransabri@gmail.com

14. Shocking child abuse- Texas couple
accused of locking their child in a dirty
closet, starving him

16.  Denies the existence.
 Blames the child.
 Asks teachers to use harsh
treatment.
 Sees the child as burden.
 Demand excellent performance of
child.
 Shows little concern for the child
Copyright by Dr Imran Sabri, Email:imransabri@gmail.com
Signs and Signals: Parents

17. SYNDROMES IN CHILD ABUSE
1. BATTERED BABY SYNDROME
2. SHAKEN BABY SYNDROME
3. SUDDEN INFANT DEATH
SYNDROME
4. MANCHAUSON’S SYNDROME BY
PROXY

18. BATTERED BABY SYNDROMES
 Battered child syndrome refers to injuries
sustained by a child as a result of physical
abuse, usually inflicted by an adult caregiver.
Diagnosed by presence of Injuries.
Alternative terms include:
 Shaken baby;
 Shaken baby syndrome;
 Child abuse;
 Non-accidental trauma (NAT).

19. A child with skinned knees, which can
lead to accusations of child abuse.
Copyright by Dr Imran Sabri, Email:imransabri@gmail.com

20. SYMPTOMS:
 Delayed visit to hospital with injured child;
 Suspicious history and explanation of cause
of a child's injury;
 Bruises that match the shape of a hand, fist or
belt; cigarette burns; scald marks; bite marks;
 Black eyes;
 Unconsciousness;
 Bruises around the neck; and a bulging

21. DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT
 Examination reveals injuries of many type
 Imaging confirm fractures & internal
injuries.
 Injuries at different stages of healing
 Excessive cautiousness of caregivers
 Concealment of true origin of injuries
Management:
 Counseling
 intervention plan for the child's caregivers.
 abused child removed from the home

22. SHAKEN BABY SYNDROME [SBS]
 Shaken baby syndrome (SBS) is a form of
child abuse that is diagnosed from a triad of
symptoms:
1. Subdural hematoma,
2. Retinal hemorrhage,
3. Brain swelling.
 No visible sign of external trauma.
 Can cause brain damage, disability of death.

25. when a baby or small child presents with
 Retinal hemorrhage,
 Fractures,
 Soft tissue injuries or
 Subdural hematoma,
 Cannot be explained by accidental trauma
or other medical conditions.
SUSPECT [SBS]

28. SUDDEN INFANT DEATH SYNDROME
 Also known as cot death or crib death
 Sudden death of an infant that is
 Not predicted by medical history
 Unexplained after a autopsy
 Sudden,UnexpectedandUnexplained
deathofaninfant.
 CausationUnknown
Copyright by Dr Imran Sabri, Email:imransabri@gmail.com

29. SIDS: HYPOTHESIS OF CAUSES
 Overlaying by parents
 Prone sleep Position
 Smothring by soft cloth
 Sleep Apneoa
 Hypotonic Babies
 Allergic Shock
 Calcium & Selenium Deficiency
 Virus Infections
 Hypo or Hyperthermia
Copyright by Dr Imran Sabri, MD email imransabri@gmail.com 29

31. MUNCHAUSEN SYNDROME BY PROXY
 Munchausen syndrome by proxy is a form of
child abuse in which a parent induces real or
apparent symptoms of a disease in a child.
 Seen in mother abusing her child by seeking
unneeded medical attention for the child.
 Rare and poorly understood.
 The cause is unknown
Copyright by Dr Imran Sabri, MD email imransabri@gmail.com 31

32. FAKE SYMPTOMS
 Adding blood to child's urine or stool,
 Withholding food,
 Falsifying fevers,
 Secretly giving the child drugs to make the
child throw up or have diarrhea,
 Using tricks like infecting IV lines to make
the child appear or become ill.

33. Copyright by Dr Imran Sabri, Email:imransabri@gmail.com

34. SYMPTOMS
 Symptoms do not fit a classical picture of illness .
 Symptoms improve at hospital, reappear at home.
 The parent is overattentive or "too helpful."
 The parent is often involved in a health-care field.
Signs and tests
 Blood samples used for lab work do not match the
patient's blood type.
 The presence of drugs or chemicals in blood, stool,
or urine samples cannot be accounted for.

35. MANAGEMENT
 Careful History.
 Proper investigations
 Correct diagnosis
Once Diagnosed
 Child needs to be protected and removed
from direct care of the parent.
 The affected parent should not be accused
directly, but offered help.
 Counseling

36. Ethical Dilemmas: Parents
 I can do anything to my child.

37. Ethical Dilemmas:
Confidentiality
Duty of confidentiality to their
patients
Vs
Ethical obligation to protect
children from preventable harm

38. Ethical Dilemma: Research
 Use of child in research
 Consent issues: WHO can
 Child victimization