The document discusses different types of chemical bonds: - Ionic bonds form when there is a large difference in electronegativity between two atoms, causing one atom to transfer an electron to the other. - Covalent bonds form when there is a small difference in electronegativity between two non-metal atoms, causing them to share electrons. Covalent bonds can be nonpolar or polar. - Water is an example of a polar covalent molecule, with the oxygen end being partially negative and the hydrogen ends being partially positive.

1. CHEMICAL BONDS
(atoms joining together)
Miss Sofia Paz

2. CHEMICAL BONDS
Process of SHARING or
TRANSFERRING electrons
(attraction)
Ionic bond
Covalent Bond

3. CHEMICAL BONDS
Electronegativity values of
two atom are different...
Ionic bonds are formed,
electrons are transferred
Electronegativity values of two
atom are similar..
COVALENT
1.Nonpolar Covalent bonds form
when the electronegativity values
are very similar.
2.Polar Covalent bonds form
when the electronegativity values
are a little further apart.
Covalent bonds form between
two non-metal atoms.
IONIC BOND
COVALENT BOND

4. Ionic bond
One atom transfers an
electron to another
atom
(Electronegativity values of
two atom are different)

5. Atoms colide
and Cl strips
Na’s outer
electron
Cl has 8
electrons on its
outer level
Na has 8 on its
outer level
Electric
balances
have
changed.

6. Two atoms share electrons
(Electronegativity values of
two atom are similar)
Covalent Bonds

7. Covalent Bonds

8. Covalent Bonds

9. WATER
Polar Covalent Bond
Oxygen end of the
molecule has a
slight negative
charge
The end with
the two
hydrogen atoms
is slightly
positive.

10. Two or
more atoms
held
together by
covalent
bonds.
# and
types of
atoms in a
molecule
# and
types of
atoms in a
molecule
How
atoms
are
linked by
bonds
MOLECULES
Atoms and complexes
connected by non-covalent
bonds such as hydrogen
bonds or ionic bonds are
generally not considered
single molecules

11. Chemical reactions
Rearrangement of
molecules. Existing
bonds break and new
ones form, resulting in
the formation of new
substances.
Release more
energy than
they absorb
Absorb more
energy than
they release.
EXOTHERMIC
REACTION
Endothermic
reaction

12. Chemical reactions do not
create or destroy atoms,
but only rearrange them.
These rearrangements
usually involve breaking
chemical bonds in
reactants and forming new
bonds in products.
Exothermic reaction
Endothermic reaction
sunlight + 6CO2(g) + H2O(l) = C6H12O6(aq) + 6O2(g)
Release more energy than they absorb
Absorb more energy than they
release
Chemical reactions