This document discusses different types of chemical bonding: ionic bonding which involves the transfer of electrons between metals and non-metals and results in charged atoms attracting each other; covalent bonding which involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms and can result in simple molecular or giant molecular structures; and metallic bonding which occurs between delocalized electrons in metal ions and positively charged metal ions. Each type of bonding is described along with examples and properties such as conductivity, melting/boiling points, and solubility.

1. Chemical Bonding
Group Chemistry!
Members: Qadr Arslan,
Akash, Roshaf, Anus.

2. Introduction
 A chemical bond is attraction between
atoms.
 The bond is caused by the electrostatic
force of attraction between opposite
charges.
 Chemicals bond to complete their outer
shell.

3. Ionic Bonding
 From the word “ION” meaning charges.
 Between metals and non-metals.
 Complete transference of a electron leads
to the gain of a charge, which then held
the atoms together.
 Strong bond.
 Can be represented by dot and cross
diagram.
 Example: Sodium Chloride (NaCl)

5. Properties
 High melting and boiling point.
 Soluble in water and insoluble in organic
solvents.
 Conduct electricity.

6. Covalent Bonding
 It involves the sharing of electron pairs
between atoms.
 Example: Water, Carbon dioxide, etc.
 Two types:
1. Simple Molecular structure
2. Giant Molecular structure

7. Types and properties
Simple Molecular
Structures
Giant Molecular
Structures
 Low melting and
boiling points.
 High melting and
boiling points.
 Insoluble in water and
soluble in organic
solvents.
 Insoluble in both water
and organic solvents.
 Do not conduct
electricity.
 Do not conduct
electricity.

8. Metallic Bonding
 Occurs between
electron cloud of
delocalized electrons
and positively charged
metal ions.
 Delocalized electrons
are also known as
“sea of mobile
electrons.”

9. Properties
 Good conductors of heat and electricity.
 High melting and boiling point.
 Malleable and ductile (drawn into wires).

10. Properties
 Good conductors of heat and electricity.
 High melting and boiling point.
 Malleable and ductile (drawn into wires).