Path coefficient and character association were studied in pigeon pea [Cajanus cajan (L) Millsp.]. Twenty strains for 10 quantities characters were evaluated for path coefficients (partitioned into direct and indirect effects) were estimated on yield and its contributing traits. Number of seeds per plant, plant height, 100 seed weight and days to maturity was observed. Seed yield had positive and significant phenotypic and genotypic association with plant height, biomass yield per plant, pods per plant, seeds per plant, days to maturity, days to flowering, seeds per pod, reproductive phase and seed yield per plant. Path analysis indicated the importance of number of seeds per plant, plant height, 1000 seed weight, days to flowering and number of pods per plant on seed yield suggesting to use these characters for genetic improvement in pigeon pea.

1. IJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research & Development| Vol. 2, Issue 07, 2014 | ISSN (online): 2321-0613
All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 476
Character Associated and Path Analysis in Pigeon Pea [Cajanus Cajan
(L) Millsp.]
Ritesh Sharma1
Raveesh Kumar Gangwar2
Vivek Yadav3
1
Senior Scientist
2
Department of Entomology
1
Basmati Export Development Foundation, Modipuram, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
2
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
3
Zonal Research Centre, Nagina, Sardar Vallabhbahi Patel University of Agriculture and Technology,
Meerut, Uttar Pradesh India
Abstract— Path coefficient and character association were
studied in pigeon pea [Cajanus cajan (L) Millsp.]. Twenty
strains for 10 quantities characters were evaluated for path
coefficients (partitioned into direct and indirect effects) were
estimated on yield and its contributing traits. Number of
seeds per plant, plant height, 100 seed weight and days to
maturity was observed. Seed yield had positive and
significant phenotypic and genotypic association with plant
height, biomass yield per plant, pods per plant, seeds per
plant, days to maturity, days to flowering, seeds per pod,
reproductive phase and seed yield per plant. Path analysis
indicated the importance of number of seeds per plant, plant
height, 1000 seed weight, days to flowering and number of
pods per plant on seed yield suggesting to use these
characters for genetic improvement in pigeon pea.
Key words: Coefficient path analysis, phenotypic, and
genotypic association, pigeon pea
I. INTRODUCTION
Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] is play most
significant role in pulse crops of India. It is second most
cultivated pulse crop after chickpea. It is commonly also
known as Arhar, Red gram and Tur. It has been predictable
for good source of vegetarian protein particularly in the
developing countries where majority of the population
depends on the low priced vegetarian foods. Except the
food, this crop has diversified uses such as feed, fodder and
fuel. It is a rich source of protein, carbohydrate, vitamins,
lipids and certain minerals.
Pigeon pea is grown in diverse cropping systems
over a wide range of latitudes. However, their yield levels
are low. Most of the traditional varieties of pigeon pea are
very long duration. They have little role to play in intensive
agriculture as they cannot be fitted in multiple cropping
system because of their longer duration. In order to make
pigeon pea more profitable cop in irrigated forming it is
essential that high yielding early maturing and relatively
short stature types are developed which can be suitable fitted
in the newly developed multiple and inter cropping patterns
(Sawant, M. N. et al 2009).
Path coefficient analysis is important tool for plant
breeders helps in partitioning the correlation coefficient into
components of direct and indirect influences and provide
better insight on character and their relationship with yield.
Selection for specific characters is expected to result
invariability in correlated response for some other characters
also (Falconer, 1960). Change in the association would be
of interest. Therefore, in the present study an effort has been
made to generate information on the association of yield
with its different components measured through character
association and path analysis so that appropriate selection
strategy can be formulated for evolving suitable genotypes.
II. MATERIALS AND METHODS
The experimental materials comprised of 20 strains of
pigeon pea viz. ICPL4, ICPL-7, ICPL-384, ICPL-406, TAT-
10, TATS-3, T-21, Pusa Agati, UPAS-120, Gwalior-3, NP
(WR)-15, 4-5-9, 4-16-12, P-861, Pusa Sweta-2, Carg-4,
Carg-5, Hy-8, Hy-9 and pant Arhar-3. In The genotypes
were evaluated in randomized complete block design with
two replication during kharif 2010-11. These were planted
under irrigated condition in randomized Block Design
(RBD) with three replication kipping a distance of 50 cm
and 20 cm between and within rows, respectively, at R.B.S.
college research farm, Bichpuri, Agra. Observation were
recorded on five randomly selected plants in each
replication for ten characters like, days to flowering, number
of branches per plant, number of fruiting branches per plant,
number of pods per plant, days of maturity, number of seeds
per pods, plant height, number of seeds per plant, seed yield
per plant and 100 seeds weight. Recommended packgages of
agronomy practices were followed to raise a successful crop.
The mean data of all observation were subjected to
statistical analysis; correlation was calculated as per method
suggested by (V. G. Panse and P. V. Shukhatme 1967)
and path co-efficient analysis as suggested by (C. R. Rao,
1952).
III. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
In general, the direction of phenotypic and genotypic
correlation was same but the magnitude o genotypic
correlation was found higher then phenotypic correlation
(Table-1). Brar (1993) and Dhamelia and Pathak (1994)
also reported the higher magnitude of genotypic correlation
then phenotypic correlations.
The traits 100 seeds weight and days to maturity
were also correlated positively. Seed yield had positive and
significant phenotypic and genotypic association with plant
height, biomass yield per plant, pods per plant, seeds per
plant, days to maturity, days to flowering, seeds per pod,
reproductive phase and seed yield per plant. All possible
association among number of pods per plants, number of
seeds per plant, plant height and days of maturity were also
positive and significant. Similar results were reported by
Vasantha Rao et al. (2010b), Badru (2010) for number of
pods per plant and test weight and days to maturity.
Anuradha et al. (2007) also reported positive association of
days to flowering with seed yield. From the path analysis,

2. Character Associated and Path Analysis in Pigeon Pea [Cajanus Cajan (L) Millsp.]
(IJSRD/Vol. 2/Issue 07/2014/105)
All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 477
again the number of pods pre plant, harvest index and 100-
seed weight were emerged as most important characters for
the improvement of seed yield. Hence, due emphasis should
be placed on these characters while breeding for high yield
in pigeon pea.
Genotypic Path Coefficient (Cajanus cajan)
Direct effect
1 1 0.6011920 2 2 0.5858802
3 3 -0.8571010 4 4 -0.4334197
5 5 0.1700079 6 6 0.1826451
7 7 -0.0744794 8 8 0.5273992
9 9 0.7262214 - -- -
Indirect effect
1 1 0.6011920 1 2 0.3693389
1 3 -0.6369975 1 4 -0.1608854
1 5 0.0598598 1 6 0.1128747
1 7 0.0089673 1 8 -0.1630718
1 9 0.4551229
2 1 0.3789914 1 2 0.3693389
2 3 -0.8523013 2 4 -0.1475794
2 5 0.0888971 2 6 0.0354697
2 7 0.0204148 2 8 -0.2132275
2 9 0.1189551
3 1 0.4468059 3 2 0.5825993
2 3 -0.8523013 3 4 -0.1350536
3 5 0.0898151 3 6 0.0536977
3 7 0.0186794 3 8 -0.2022576
3 9 0.1843150
4 1 0.2231625 4 2 0.1994922
4 3 -0.2670727 3 4 -0.1350536
4 5 0.1467678 4 6 0.0170773
4 7 -0.0111421 4 8 -0.1863302
4 9 0.1438645
5 1 0.2116797 5 2 0.3063568
5 3 -0.4528065 5 4 -0.3741712
4 5 0.1467678 5 6 0.0086208
5 7 -0.0189178 5 8 -0.0748380
5 9 0.1101678
6 1 0.3715366 6 2 0.1137779
6 3 -0.2519877 6 4 -0.0405247
6 5 0.0080244 5 6 0.0086208
6 7 0.0352511 6 8 -0.2766736
6 9 0.6924521
7 1 -0.07233835 7 2 -0.1605898
7 3 0.2149609 7 4 -0.0648396
7 5 0.0431820 7 6 -0.0864459
6 7 0.0352511 7 8 0.1920788
7 9 -0.1363844
8 1 -0.1858886 8 2 -0.2368714
8 3 0.3286982 8 4 0.1531272
8 5 -0.0241241 8 6 -0.0958156
8 7 -0.0271254 7 8 0.1920788
8 9 -0.3893999
9 1 0.3767670 9 2 0.0959672
9 3 -0.2175322 9 4 -0.0858604
9 5 0.0257902 9 6 0.1741521
9 7 0.0139872 9 8 0.1741521
9 7 0.0139872 9 8 0.2827915
8 9 -0.3893999
Residual factor 0.0854
Table 1
Direct effect
1 1 0.3078937 2 2 -0.0005689
3 3 0.1552656 4 4 0.0072100
5 5 -0.6661260 6 6 2.9996302
7 7 0.9212264 8 8 0.1906857
9 9 -2.1580811
Indirect effect
1 1 0.3078937 1 2 -0.0002815
1 3 0.0969945 1 4 0.0013375
1 5 0.1747915 1 6 1.6623950
1 7 -0.949784 1 8 -0.0536589
1 9 -1.2547083
2 1 0.1523458 1 2 -0.0002815
2 3 0.1142600 2 4 0.0014370
2 5 -0.2274820 2 6 0.5681300
2 7 -0.2158434 2 8 -0.0663967
2 9 0.3273809
3 1 0.1923412 3 2 -0.0004186
2 3 0.11426000 3 4 0.0021234
3 5 -0.2185559 3 6 0.7655056
3 7 -0.1621359 3 8 -0.0662442
3 9 -0.4993800
4 1 0.0571143 4 2 -0.0001134
4 3 0.0457257 3 4 0.0021234
4 5 -0.3110808 4 6 0.1598803
4 7 0.1589116 4 8 -0.0450018
4 9 -0.2736447
5 1 0.0807913 5 2 -0.0001943
5 3 0.0509427 5 4 -0.0033671
4 5 -0.3110808 5 6 0.13888829
5 7 0.1233522 5 8 -0.0238357
5 9 0.2378205
6 1 0.1706347 6 2 -0.0001077
6 3 0.0396238 6 4 0.0003843
6 5 -0.0308416 5 6 0.1388829
6 7 -0.4047869 6 8 -0.0979552
6 9 -2.0119789
7 1 -0.0317438 7 2 0.0001333
7 3 -0.0273268 7 4 0.0012437
7 5 -0.0891943 7 6 -1.3180375
6 7 -0.4047869 7 8 0.0637653
7 9 0.3813329
8 1 -0.0866413 8 2 0.0001981
8 3 0.0539393 8 4 -0.0017016
8 5 0.0832658 8 6 -1.5409101
8 7 0.3080581 7 8 0.0637653
8 9 1.1437829
9 1 0.1790094 9 2 -0.0000863
9 3 0.0359285 9 4 0.0009142
9 5 0.0734071 9 6 2.7965553

3. Character Associated and Path Analysis in Pigeon Pea [Cajanus Cajan (L) Millsp.]
(IJSRD/Vol. 2/Issue 07/2014/105)
All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 478
9 7 -0.1627807 9 8 -0.1010634
8 9 1.1437829
Residual actor 0.3094
Table 2
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