A urinary catheter is a plastic tube inserted through the urethra into the bladder to drain urine. There are different types of catheters used for various reasons like inability to urinate or after surgery. Chronic renal failure is the gradual loss of kidney function that may require dialysis or transplant if left untreated and causes symptoms like fatigue. Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy uses shockwaves to break up kidney stones so they can pass more easily than one large stone and may require a stent.

1. The Urinary SystemVeronica DejaDeRosaBiology 120

2. Urinary CatheterizationA urinary catheter is a plastic tube most commonly inserted into the patient’s bladder through their urethra in order to drain the bladder. They may be used for the following reasons:Urinary continence – unable to control urinationUrinary retention – unable to release urine in bladderUsed during and after surgeryMedical conditions – i.e. multiple sclerosis and dementia

3. Urinary CatheterizationMain types of cathetersIndwelling catheter

4. Characteristic of a balloon inflated at the end in order to stay in place of the urethra or bladder and the other end is attached to a drainage bag. The balloon is deflated when removal is needed.

5. Condom Catheter

6. Most commonly used for elderly men. There is not an insertion of tubing, but rather a condom like device placed over the penis, which is connected to a drainage bag

7. Intermittent Catheter

8. Common for short term use. Does not have a balloon to keep it in place. It is constantly aided by the nurse and removed once the flow of urine has stopped.CystographyUse of a catheter to insert dyes into the urethra. This is done for X-ray purposes in order to study the bladder for any infections, tumors or stones.The procedure entails injecting the dye until the bladder is full. An X-ray is taken while bladder is full and when bladder is empty.

9. Chronic Renal FailureChronic Renal Failure is the slow and gradual loss of kidney function.Most often occurred during other illnesses, but is also caused by high blood pressure and diabetes.Kidney dialysis or kidney transplant will most likely be needed

10. Chronic Renal FailureSymptoms include:Ill-feeling and fatigueHeadachesItching and dry skinLoss of appetiteNauseaPrevention:Control blood pressure below 130/80

11. Eat low cholesterol foods

12. Do not smoke

13. Exercise regularlyExtracorpeal shockwave LithotripsyExtracorpeal shockwave lithotripsy is the procedure of breaking kidney stones to small pieces through shockwaves generated outside the body. This procedure causes the small kidney stones to pass more easily than a large kidney stone

14. Extracorpeal shockwave lithotripsyThe procedure is usually outpatient surgery and may require a stint to hold the urethra open to allow the small stones to pass. Many patients will experience passing of stone fragments and mild pain for a few days after the procedure.

15. Resourceswww.nlm.nih.gov/.../ency/imagepages/9252.htmwww.inforhaem.comwww.bu.edu/paclab/litho/intro.html