This document provides information on the prerequisites and techniques for cadaver kidney retrieval. It discusses: (1) The need to maximize the use of the existing organ donor pool by standardizing the donor management process from identification through organ retrieval. (2) The technique for cadaver donor nephrectomy without other organ retrieval, which involves opening the peritoneal cavity, ligating vessels, and perfusing and removing the kidneys while maintaining cold perfusion. (3) The technique for cadaver donor multiple organ retrieval, which involves a long incision to access the chest and abdominal cavities and sequentially retrieving organs like the heart, liver, kidneys, and pancreas after cannulating vessels and dividing connections

1. PRE REQUISITES FOR CADAVER
KIDNEY RETRIEVAL &
TECHNIQUE
DR. SWAPNILTOPLE
DNB UROLOGY,
YASHODA HOSPITAL,
MALAKPET, HYDERABAD

2.  The most immediate and practical solution to
the current organ donor crisis is the maximal use
and optimal management of the existing
potential organ donor pool
 This approach provides the greatest opportunity
to enhance the conversion of potential donors to
actual donors and similarly maximize the yield
and quality of the organs procured from each
donor

3.  Organ donor management is fundamentally a
standardized process that occurs in the following
sequence:
(1) surveillance to identify patients with severe
neurological injury likely to progress to brain death or
eventuate in withdrawal of support, establishing
candidacy for donation after cardiac death;
(2) Declaration of brain death using standardized
methodology and a standard protocol for withdrawal
and declaration in the cases of donation after cardiac
death;
(3) a uniform request for consent; and
(4) optimal medical management of the potential donor

5. Confounding Conditions and
Exclusions in the Diagnosis of Brain
Death

6. Confirmatory Studies

7. DOCUMENTATION OF BRAIN DEATH

8. Algorithmic approach to achieving donor
hemodynamic stability

10. TECHNIQUE-Cadaver donor
nephrectomy without other
organ retrieval

11.  After widely opening
and exploring the
peritoneal cavity, the
small bowel is retracted
to expose the posterior
parietal peritoneum,
which is incised
 This allows retraction of
the bowel superiorly and
to the left

12.  The duodenum and
pancreas are retracted
superiorly to obtain
exposure of the proximal
aorta and vena cava
 The superior mesenteric
and celiac trunks are
ligated and divided
several centimeters
above the level of the left
renal vein crossing the
aorta

13.  After ligation of the
proximal and distal
aorta and the distal
vena cava, perfusion of
the kidneys is begun
through the
intravenous tubing
that has been
introduced into the
distal aorta

14.  Isolation of the kidneys
and ureters has been
completed
 The distal aorta and
vena cava are
transected, and the
lumbar vessels
posteriorly are clamped
and divided, allowing
removal of the entire
block of tissue while
cold perfusion continues

15. Cadaver donor multiple organ
retrieval

16.  The chest and
abdominal cavities are
entered through a long
midline incision
 After general
evaluation of the
organs to be procured
and initial mobilization
of the heart, the liver
dissection is completed

17.  The splenic vein is
catheterized for
portal perfusion
 The gastroduodenal
and splenic arteries
are divided if the
pancreas is not to be
used

18.  For pancreas retrieval,
dissection is begun from
the left, retracting the
spleen and pancreas to
the right, carefully
preserving the splenic
artery and vein
 For simplicity, the
superior mesenteric
vessels are depicted as
separate from the
pancreas, but they
remain closely adherent
to the posterior
pancreas

19.  Returning to the
right side, the
duodenum and
pancreas are
retracted exposing
the superior
mesenteric artery

20.  Mobilization of the
kidneys and ureters
from the
retroperitoneum is
completed, and the
distal vena cava and
aorta are catheterized
 For illustrative
purposes, the bowel,
which remains
attached via the
mesenteric vessels, is
not shown in this figure

21.  After cooling and
removal of the heart
and liver, the kidneys
are removed by lifting
the entire tissue block
(left kidney not shown)
anteriorly, while
clamping and dividing
the lumbar vessels
posteriorly. IVC,
inferior vena cava

22. THANK YOU