This document discusses strategies and techniques for improving mathematics instruction for students with mild disabilities. It covers foundational math concepts like number sense, calculation, and problem solving. Some key instructional approaches mentioned include explicit instruction, peer tutoring, drill and practice, and ongoing progress monitoring. The document emphasizes teaching math concepts in a logical sequence and ensuring students have mastered foundational skills before moving on.
I developed this orientation leader training as an assignment in my graduate program. I worked collaboratively with two of my classmates, Courtney Struble-Newman and Amy Player-Smith. This presentation provides an overview of the training we designed for student orientation leaders. The institution would be a public four-year institution.
Lateral Thinking is solving problems through an indirect and creative approach.
The term was coined in1967 by Edward de Bono.
Lateral thinking is for changing concepts and perceptions.
Lateral thinking, is the ability to think creatively.
I developed this orientation leader training as an assignment in my graduate program. I worked collaboratively with two of my classmates, Courtney Struble-Newman and Amy Player-Smith. This presentation provides an overview of the training we designed for student orientation leaders. The institution would be a public four-year institution.
Lateral Thinking is solving problems through an indirect and creative approach.
The term was coined in1967 by Edward de Bono.
Lateral thinking is for changing concepts and perceptions.
Lateral thinking, is the ability to think creatively.
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Introduction to basics of Entrepreneurship covers topics such as social entrepreneurship, business entrepreneurship and various masteries needed. The subject matter covers examples from the Philippines. This a compilation of various learnings from various references. These slides are lectures at Agsb entrepreneurship elective and have been uploaded for the access and convenience of present and past students of the said elective
Help students complete the admissions process and understand what to expect in college. Theyâll learn about campus resources, study tips, and how to get along with a roommate.
Negotiating your job offer is one of the key thing which you will do as a part of your hiring process. But most people end up doing an unstructured negotiation. This slide targets to give a structure to your job offer negotiation process
Recognizing Opportunities And Generating Ideas | Ways To Identify An Opportun...FaHaD .H. NooR
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Recognizing Opportunities And Generating Ideas | Ways To Identify An Opportunity | Factors In Finding Opportunity | Protecting Ideas From Being Stolen or Lost |
Entrepreneurship, introduction to entrepreneurship, definition of entrepreneu...Jorge Saguinsin
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Introduction to basics of Entrepreneurship covers topics such as social entrepreneurship, business entrepreneurship and various masteries needed. The subject matter covers examples from the Philippines. This a compilation of various learnings from various references. These slides are lectures at Agsb entrepreneurship elective and have been uploaded for the access and convenience of present and past students of the said elective
Help students complete the admissions process and understand what to expect in college. Theyâll learn about campus resources, study tips, and how to get along with a roommate.
Negotiating your job offer is one of the key thing which you will do as a part of your hiring process. But most people end up doing an unstructured negotiation. This slide targets to give a structure to your job offer negotiation process
Math has two major categories for instant homework help convertedWilliamJames145872
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It is regarded as the application by the means by which the students can acquire access to solutions for mathematical issues in a stepwise manner. The available slader homework help is for several multitudes comprising the several factors of mathematics such as algebra, geometry, linear algebra, trigonometry, precalculus, integrated mathematics, algebra 2, differential equations, college algebra, middle school mathematics, and pre-algebra.
A pronoun (I, me, he, she, herself, you, it, that, they, each, few, many, who, whoever, whose, someone, everybody, etc.) is a word that takes the place of a noun.
Pronouns have traditionally been regarded as one of the parts of speech, but some modern theorists would not consider them to form a single class, in view of the variety of functions they perform. Subtypes include personal pronouns, reflexive and reciprocal pronouns, possessive pronouns, demonstrative pronouns, relative pronouns, interrogative pronouns, and indefinite pronouns.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pronoun
Philosophy, which literally means âthe love of wisdom,â is one of the oldest disciplines in history. There are many ideas about philosophers and what they do. Some have even considered the field to be a science that deals with logic and reason. Either way, many famous philosophers have made their contributions known to the world through their writings and their students. Below is a list of the greatest thinkers of all time along with their most important theories about human nature and other pondering of the world.
Isa ka bang Student Teacher na naghahanap ng pang-reinforcement na affordable? Download, print at cut lang ang kailangan :) Hindi mo kailangang gumastos ng bongga, CREATIVITY lang ang sagot diyan.
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This is a presentation especially made for the topic "Synonyms" in Grade 2. Hope this can be helpful for others to truly understand the meaning of the topic. First, let me ask you a question. What is Synonyms?
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
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In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Operation âBlue Starâ is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
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Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
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This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
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Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
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Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasnât one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
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It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using âinvisibleâ attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
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The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesarâs dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empireâs birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empireâs society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Chapter 8 math strategies and techniques by sheena bernal
1. Sheena E. Bernal SpEd 8 MW 4:00-5:30PM
3rd Year / BEEd-SpEd Dr. Fely Colansi
Chapter 8 - Math: Strategies and Techniques
Developing a Foundation in Mathematics
īˇ We learn the foundational concepts and skills of mathematics in much the same
way we learn language for communication.
īˇ Daily experiences all help developing children to recognize mathematical
concepts such as proportion, time, linearity, and additive properties.
īˇ However, ineffective mathematics instruction is part of the explanation for
mathematics difficulties.
īˇ In addition, mathematics involves complex language; a single term can
represent an entire mathematical concept, which can be uniquely challenging
for English language learners (ELLs) with mild disabilities.
īˇ Each of the mild disabilities may be a cause of mathematics difficulties. To be
"literate" in mathematics requires learning a variety of mathematical process
and how to apply them.
īˇ An estimated 4.6 percent to 6.5 percent of school age students actually have a
"mathematics disability" (Seethaler and Fuchs 2006)
Mathematics Difficulties for Students with Mild Disabilities
īˇ Rodney's performance inand out of school is representative of the mathematics
difficulties that manystudents with mild disabilities encounter in their lives. They
are literate in some, but not all of the concepts we would expect. Based upon
their age and grade, they can perform certain operations with moderate
profiency at least, but routinely make errors and have little understanding of
what they are doing.
īˇ Teachers sometimes characterize students as "careless," when, in truth, they
have only partially mastered certain concepts and skills before the teacher
moved on in instruction without supporting the development of those basics.
Foundational Concept and Skills
īˇ Children learn concepts such as sets, one-to-one correspondence, and
number names and values through instruction, games, and daily experiences.
īˇ Foundation concepts of number sense are essential pre-skills of
mathematics.
īˇ The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) has identified
2. standards in ten areas of mathematics that should be addressed across
mathematics curricula. The skills identified in the ten areas are: understanding
and applying one-to-one correspondence, number, grade-level appropriate
vocabulary, relationships, and counting.
Content Standards Process Standard
Numbers and operations
Algebra
Geometry
Measurement
Data analysis and probability
Problem Solving
Reasoning and proof
Communication
Connections
Representations
īˇ One-to-one correspondence is one of the very first math concepts students
should learn because it is essential for much of mathematical understanding.
It simply means recognizing that units have numerical values.
īˇ Vocabulary for numbers means memorizing the names of various digits can
be helpful for developing number sense, but is insufficient by itself.
īˇ Vocabulary for relational concepts should also be developed.
īˇ Place value identifies the value of each digit in a number.
īˇ Counting is a vital skill for computation.
īˇ Counting by twos, fives, and tens is particularly useful for calculation
operations.
īˇ Students with mild disabilities should learn how to count backwards and
count down from 100.
Memorizing Calculation Facts
īˇ Memorizing calculation facts can be a challenging task for students.
īˇ Once students develop conceptual understanding of the procedures,
however, fluent performance depends on facts memorization.
īˇ Students with mild disabilities are particularly likely to engage in inefficient
calculation practices, rather than to memorize and automatically recall math
facts.
Using Calculator
īˇ Learning to perform mathematical operations on a calculator should be
viewed as a compensatory skill. Using a calculator can be facilitate for
students for whom memory or attention is a persistent block in practicing
3. calculations or performing more advanced mathematics. They may always
have to rely on calculator to perform some of those operations but not always.
īˇ Students for whom using a calculator may be an appropriate accommodation
during standardized test, using the calculator to learn and practice the same
types of operations that will be on the test is essential.
Basic Computation Concepts and Skills
īˇ Computation includes addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
īˇ Algorithmic computation involves operations from the preceding calculation
type for borrowing, reducing, and estimating.
īˇ One-to-one correspondence is one of the very first math concepts students
should learn because it is essential for much of mathematical understanding.
It simply means recognizing that units have numerical values.
īˇ Vocabulary for numbers means memorizing the names of various digits can
be helpful for developing number sense, but is insufficient by itself.
īˇ Vocabulary for relational concepts should also be developed.
īˇ Place value identifies the value of each digit in a number.
īˇ Counting is a vital skill for computation.
īˇ Effective mathematics instruction also progresses from concrete concepts
and skills to sem-concrete and, eventually, abstract representations.
īˇ Vocabulary of computation includes the term add, subtract, multiply, and
divide. It also includes terminology for the outcomes of those operations: sum,
difference, product, and quotient, respectively.
Skills that Build Upon Numeracy and Calculation
īˇ Number sense is needed to comprehend each and reinforced by learning.
īˇ Fractions - they learn about proportions and parts of wholes.
īˇ Decimals may make more intuitive sense to students than fractions do. The
appreciation of place value is critical to comprehending decimals.
Other Basic Skills for Mathematical Operations and Daily Living
A variety of other basic mathematical concepts and skills must be mastered for
both daily living and more complex mathematics as well. Measuring, telling time, and
recognizing shapes are example of these other types of mathematics.
Estimating is to approximate an outcome to a problem. It is commonly used in
daily life, to approximate distance, time, and costs.
īˇ Students canround up or round down numbers to convert them to numbers
to convert them to numbers that they are good at counting by.
4. īˇ Compatible numbers are numbers that easy for students to calculate, so
they depend on which numbers the students are good at counting by.
īˇ Front-end estimation is used to estimate when the student encounters
multi-digit calculation. The student needs to observe the numerals on the
"front," or that are leftmost.
The Sequencing of Math Concepts ad Skills
īˇ Appreciation for the relevancy of certain concepts and skills can be enhanced
by linking them to other aspects of mathematics.
īˇ Addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division are best introduced in
sequence.
īˇ Advocate teaching the myriad concepts and skills of numeracy and the four
basic calculations by centering instruction on "big ideas."
īˇ Using the variety of mathematical procedures that students practice to learn
for even a single operation will be meaningful if they understand the big ideas
behind them.
Problem Solving and Advanced Mathematics
īˇ Students with mild disabilities who have difficulties learning computation
sometimes been denied instruction in problem solving or more advanced
forms of mathematics.
īˇ Students with mild disabilities do participate in studying math at higher levels,
and those who continually struggle need more on lower-level skills and also
need instruction in higher mathematics.
Problem Solving
īˇ Refer to tasks calculations imbedded mostly in the form of story problems.
īˇ Students with math-related disabilities often have difficulty with
problem-solving tasks.
īˇ Story problems (also knownas word problems) canpresent a math problem to
solve as simple as single-digit addition.
īˇ For students with mild disabilities, attending factors and organizing
information is overwhelming.
īˇ They may find four factors that can cause story problems to be uniquely
difficult: motivation, mathematical and other literacy, confounded story
problems, and complex math tasks.
Research Evidence
5. īˇ Recognize cue words for mathematical problems.
īˇ Need strategies to help them understand the mathematical questions and
operations the problem requires.
īˇ English language learners have demonstrated greater math proficiency when
taught in their native language.
Strategies and Techniques for Improving Problem Solving
īˇ The difficulty may be in their ability to (a) analyze the task, (b) perform the basic
operations accurately, and (c) manage the process.
They can follow the Mnemonic DRAW to remember the process. This
strategy is for math problems written out in numeric form.
Discover the sign.
Read the problem.
Answer, or draw and check.
Write the answer.
Students who have mastered DRAW may benefit from proceeding to learn
the FAST DRAW Strategy.
Find what you're solving for.
Ask yourself, "What are the parts of the problem?"
Set up the numbers.
Tie down the sign.
SOLVE Strategy gives more guidance on the overall process to follow.
See the sign.
Observe and answer; continue if you cannot answer.
Look and draw.
Verify your answer.
Enter your answer.
Montague and Bos offer a strategy designed to guide students who have
difficulty conceptualizing the problem.
Read the problem aloud.
Paraphrase the problem aloud.
Visualize the information.
State the problem aloud.
Hypothesize and think the problem through aloud.
Estimate the answer.
Calculate and label the answer.
Self-check by using self-questioning to ask if the answer makes sense.
6. General Approaches to Math Instruction
īˇ A PAL (Peer-assisted learning strategies) prescribes instructional procedures
and peer tutoring approach.
īˇ CWPTS (Classwide peer tutoring) model procedures involve more generally
effective teaching practices.
īˇ Both approaches are rooted in Curriculum-Based Measurement (CBM).
īˇ Direct Instruction is a specific approach to teaching and calls for systematically
checking on students' prior knowledge and re-teaching as necessary.
īˇ Reteaching begins with a variety of forms of feedback that include prompting
students to try again, telling students the correct response, and reminding
students of a strategy to determine the response.
īˇ Explicit instruction means teaching information overtly in a teacher-directed
lesson incorporating some of the principles of direct instruction.
Advanced Mathematics
īˇ In high schools can include geometry, pre-algebra and calculus, trigometry and
statistics, as well as related courses such as physics. Approximately 25 states
require meeting algebra standards for earning a high school diploma.
īˇ Algebra is a "gateway to abstract thought."
īˇ It requires students to think abstractly, not just to translate abstract concepts into
concrete representations.
īˇ Attempts to represent abstract problems in concrete forms can be inconsistent
with the task some advanced math problems pose.
Mathematics Curricula
īˇ Replacing "general" or lower track mathematic classes with inclusive college
preparatory math classes has resulted in marginally improved math achievement
for students with mild disabilities, but they continue to perform below with their
peers and levels.
īˇ The math difficulties many students with mild disabilities exhibited 20 year ago
are still commonly observed.
īˇ Current traditional mathematics curricula are at least partially responsible.
Critical Elements of Effective Math Curricula
7. īˇ The focus of math instruction for students with math-related disabilities should
include a focus on detecting errors and re-teaching those skills and concepts
(Riccomini 2005).
īˇ Time drills have improved automaticity for students with LD.
īˇ Advocate teaching of "conspicuous strategies," or those that have wide
applicability.
Seven Principles of Intensive Education
1.Ongoing progress monitoring
2.Drill and practice
3.Instructional explicitness
4.Instructional design to minimize learning challenge
5.Cumulative review
6.Systematic motivation to promote self-regulation and encourage students to
work hard
7.Conceptual foundation