This document discusses the optical and thermal properties of glass. It defines key optical properties such as refractive index, dispersion, temperature coefficient of refractive index, and stress-optical coefficient. It also discusses important thermal properties of glass including the transformation temperature, annealing point, softening point, thermal conductivity, and specific heat. The document provides definitions and measurement methods for these various properties that are important for characterizing and applying different types of glass.
This document discusses the optical and thermal properties of glass. It defines key optical properties such as refractive index, dispersion, temperature coefficient of refractive index, and stress-optical coefficient. It also discusses important thermal properties of glass including the transformation temperature, annealing point, softening point, thermal conductivity, and specific heat. The document provides definitions and measurement methods for these various properties that are important for characterizing and applying different types of glass.
Glass is an amorphous solid made by cooling molten ingredients without crystallization. It is typically made from mixtures of silicates, borates, and aluminates. Glass can be transparent, translucent, or opaque depending on its composition. Common types of glass include soda-lime glass for windows, borosilicate glass for laboratory equipment, and lead glass for radiation shielding. Glass has many uses including windows, tableware, light bulbs, and optical lenses due to its optical properties and resistance to corrosion.
Modern glass materials,properties and uses 3FATHIMA VP
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This document discusses different types of modern glass materials and their properties and uses. Toughened glass has high mechanical strength and increased resistance to temperature changes, making it suitable for outside windows. Laminated glass has good safety performance, sound insulation, UV prevention, earthquake resistance, and water pressure resistance, making it suitable for areas with human impact and skylights. Patterned glass has decorative effects with strong 3D sense that won't fade and can be reprocessed, making it suitable for room dividers, offices, shelving, and balustrades. Annealed glass has less strength than toughened glass and is used in glass doors and outside windows. Extra clear glass has high visual permeability and is used for interior
Google es una compaÃąÃa subsidiaria de Alphabet Inc. que se especializa en productos y servicios relacionados con internet como su motor de bÚsqueda, Gmail, YouTube, Google Chrome, Google Maps, Google Drive y Blogger. Los principales usos de estos productos incluyen realizar bÚsquedas en internet, revisar y enviar correo electrÃģnico, ver videos, navegar en la web, ubicarse en mapas, almacenar archivos en la nube y crear blogs.
The document describes tests conducted on glass laminated with EVA film to test its UV resistance, humidity resistance, and adhesive strength properties. Samples of laminated glass with EVA film were subjected to 2000 hours of radiation from UV lamps at 45°C and 50% humidity to test UV resistance. No bubbles or opaqueness were observed after laminated samples were kept for two weeks at 50°C and 95% humidity. Tests also evaluated the adhesive strength of the laminated glass by measuring peeling at 180 and 90 degrees.
Glasses structures, properties and applicationsRushikesh Raval
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This document defines glass and describes its structure, history, production process, types, properties and applications. Specifically, it states that glass is an inorganic, amorphous solid formed by rapid cooling of molten materials. It has no long-range crystal structure and is actually a very viscous liquid at high temperatures. The document outlines the key raw materials used to produce different types of glass, including silica, soda ash, limestone and lead oxide. It then describes common glass types like silica glass, borosilicate glass, lead glass and sodalime glass. The document concludes by listing some key properties and applications of glass in areas like solar cells, optics and construction materials.
Ppp8 Glassy State And Glass Transition Temperatureguest824336
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The document discusses the glass transition temperature (Tg) of polymers. It defines Tg as the temperature below which a polymer is hard and brittle, and above which it is soft. Below Tg the polymer is in the glassy state, and above it is in the rubbery state. Tg occurs when localized segmental mobility within the polymer chain is activated upon heating, allowing it to transition from a glassy solid to a rubbery solid. Factors like molecular weight and branching affect the Tg value.
Elastic studies of Glass Materials Studied by Ultrasonic TechniqueSidek Aziz
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Brief review about glass and its physical, elastic and other properties. It also covers the glass preparation techniques, characterization as well as elasticity.
Properties of ceramics; Classification of ceramics; Ceramic raw material; Fabricating and processing of ceramic;Application of Ceramics; Glasses; Clay Products; Structural clay product; Whitewares; Refractories: Fireclay; Silica; Basic refractories; Special refractories; Abrasives; Cements; Advanced Ceramics
Fiberglass is a composite material made of glass fibers set in a plastic resin matrix. Glass fibers have high tensile strength but are weak in shear. Common resins used are polyester, epoxy, and vinyl ester. Fiberglass is produced by drawing glass into fine fibers, coating them, and combining the fibers with resin. It is used in many applications due to its high strength to weight ratio and resistance to corrosion.
2. Outline of this lecture
âĒ āļāļ§āļēāļĄāļŦāļĄāļēāļĒāļāļāļāđāļāđāļ§ (Definition of a Glass)
âĒ āđāļāđāļ§āđāļāđāļāļīāļāļāļēāļāļīāļāļĒāđ (Commercial Glasses)
âĒ āļ§āļąāļāļāļļāļāļīāļāđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļĢāļāļēāļāļ§āļāļŠāđāļ§āļāļāļŠāļĄāļāļāļāđāļāđāļ§ (Raw Materials and
Batch calculation)
2
3. Definition of Glass
Glass is every where
âĒ āđāļāđāļ§āđāļāđāļāļ§āļąāļŠāļāļļāļāļĒāđāļēāļāļŦāļāļķāđāļāļāļĩāđāļĄāļĩāļāļĒāļđāđāļŦāļāļāļļāļāđāļŦāđāļ āđāļĨāļ°āļāļāđāļāđāļāļļāļāļāļĩāđāđāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļēāļĢāļāļāļĩāļ§āļīāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļēāļ§āļąāļ
âĒ āđāļāļ·āđāļāļāļāļēāļāļĄāļąāļāļĄāļĩāļāļĢāļ°āđāļĒāļāļāđāļĄāļēāļāļĄāļēāļĒāļŦāļĨāļēāļĒāļāđāļēāļ āđāļāđāļ§āļāļđāļāļāļēāđāļāđāļāđāļāļēāļāđāļāļāđāļēāļāļāđāļēāļāđ āđāļāļĒāļŠāđāļ§āļāđāļŦāļāđāđāļĨāđāļ§
āđāļāđāļ§āļāļ°āļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļāļĄāļāļāđāļŦāđāļāđāļāđ (Visible) āđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļāļāļĢāļąāđāļāđāļĢāļēāļāļēāļāļāļāļĄāļąāļāđāļāļāļĩāđāļāļĩāđāđāļĢāļēāđāļĄāđāļāļēāļāļāļīāļāļĄāļēāļāđāļāļ
āļāļļāļāđ āļāļĩāļāļ°āļĄāļĩāļāļēāļĢāļāļĨāļīāļāđāļāđāļ§āļĄāļēāļāļāļķāļ 100 āļĨāđāļēāļāļāļąāļ
âĒ āļāļđāđāļāļāļāļĩāđāļāļĒāļđāđāđāļāđāļĢāļāļāļēāļāļāļĨāļīāļāđāļāđāļ§ āļāļ°āļāđāļāļāļāļĨāļīāļāđāļāđāļ§āđāļŦāđāđāļāļĩāļĒāļāļāļāļāļąāļāļāļ§āļēāļĄāļāđāļāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļāļāļāļđāđāđāļāđāļāļēāļāļĄāļēāļāļāļķāļ 3
āļĨāđāļēāļāļāļ āđāļĨāļ°āļāđāļāļāļāļāļĒāļāļąāļāļāļēāļāļĨāļīāļāļ āļąāļāļāđāđāļŦāđāļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļāļāļēāđāļāđāļāđāļāļēāļāļāļĩāđāļŦāļĨāļēāļāļŦāļēāļĒ
āļāļąāļ§āļāļĒāđāļģāļāļāļīāđāļāļāļģāļ
āđāļāđāļ§āļŠāļĄāļąāļĒāđāļāļĢāļģāļ
Source:
http://www.metmuseum.
org Garland bowl, late 1st
century b.c
Conical bowl, 2ndâ1st
century b.c
3
4. Glass is every where - āļāļąāļ§āļāļĒāđāļģāļāđāļāđāļ§
āļāļēāļāļĻāļīāļĨāļāļ° (Art)
www.venicelimousin
erent.com
4
5. Glass is every where - āļāļąāļ§āļāļĒāđāļģāļāđāļāđāļ§
āļāļ§āļ-āļĢāļđāļāđāļāļ āļāļāļēāļ āđāļĨāļ°āļŠāļĩāļŠāļąāļāļāđāļēāļāđ (Bottles-all shapes, size
and colorsâĶ
Mathieu Hubert, PhD CelSian Glass & Solar 5
6. Glass is every where - āļāļąāļ§āļāļĒāđāļģāļāđāļāđāļ§
āļāļāđāļāđāļ°āļāļēāļŦāļēāļĢ (At the Table)
Mathieu Hubert, PhD CelSian Glass & Solar
Eindhoven, The Netherlands
http://mocoloc
o.com
6
7. Glass is every where - āļāļąāļ§āļāļĒāđāļģāļāđāļāđāļ§
āđāļāļŦāđāļāļāļāļĢāļąāļ§ (In
Kitchen)
Eurokera
Source:
Schott
7
8. Glass is every where - āļāļąāļ§āļāļĒāđāļģāļāđāļāđāļ§
āđāļāļŦāđāļāļāļāļāļĨāļāļ (In the Lab)
Mathieu Hubert, PhD CelSian Glass & Solar
Eindhoven, The Netherlands
8
9. Glass is every where - āļāļąāļ§āļāļĒāđāļģāļāđāļāđāļ§
āļāļļāļāļāļĢāļāđāđāļāļīāļāđāļŠāļ (In
Optics)
Multiple Mirror Telescope,
astronomy.swin.
edu.au
www.ictas.vt.e
du
Optical fibers
9
10. Glass is every where - āļāļąāļ§āļāļĒāđāļģāļāđāļāđāļ§
āļāļēāļāļēāļĢ (Buildings â Modern and
Ancient)
Shanghai World
Financial Center
10
11. Glass is every where - āļāļąāļ§āļāļĒāđāļģāļāđāļāđāļ§
āļĢāļ°āļāļāļāļāļŠāđāļ (All type of
transportation)
11
12. Glass is every where - āļāļąāļ§āļāļĒāđāļģāļāđāļāđāļ§
āļŠāļāļēāļāļąāļāļĒāļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļĒāļļāļāđāļŦāļĄāđ (In Modern
architechture)Apple Store New
York
Source:
Nypost.com Grand Canyon
Skywalk
www.tourismontheedge.
Observation deck â Willis
Tower Chicago
Credit: 360 Chicago
Tianmen
mountain, China
http://i.dailymail.
co.uk 12
13. Glass is every where - āļāļąāļ§āļāļĒāđāļģāļāđāļāđāļ§
āđāļāļĢāļāļŠāļĢāđāļēāļ (Buildings -
Insulator)Glasswool
Isover â Saint-
FoamglasÂŪ
http://www.actu-
environnement.com/ 13
14. Glass is every where - āļāļąāļ§āļāļĒāđāļģāļāđāļāđāļ§
āđāļĢāļāļāļēāļāļāļĨāļīāļāđāļāļāđ āļēāļāļĨāļąāļāļāļēāļāđāļŠāļāļāļēāļāļīāļāļĒāđ (Solar Power Plan, Solar
Panels)
http://www.fm.colostate.ed
u/ P10 Solar power plant, Andalucia,
Spanje
14
15. Glass is every where - āļāļąāļ§āļāļĒāđāļģāļāđāļāđāļ§
āļŦāļāđāļēāļāļāļāļļāļāļāļāļīāļ (All type of screen)
Corning GorillaÂŪ
glass
http://www.geekalerts.c
om
15
16. Glass is every where - āļāļąāļ§āļāļĒāđāļģāļāđāļāđāļ§
āļ§āļąāļŠāļāļļāđāļŠāļĢāļīāļĄāđāļĢāļ (Reinforcement
Materials)
Souce:
wikipedia
Fiberglass-reinforced
materials
www.guizmod
o.com
16
18. Glass is every where - āļāļąāļ§āļāļĒāđāļģāļāđāļāđāļ§
āļāļļāļāļāļĢāļāđāļāļīāđāļĨāđāļāļāļĢāļāļāļīāļāļŠāđ (Electronics â Glass-to-
metal seals) Sealant glass in Solid Oxide
Fuel Cells (SOFCs)
Source: www.mo-
sci.com
18
19. Glass is every where - āļāļąāļ§āļāļĒāđāļģāļāđāļāđāļ§
āļāļēāļĢāđāļāđāļāļēāļāļāļēāļāļāļąāļāļāđāļāļāļĒāđ (Dental
application)
Bioactive glass in
toothpaste*
NovaminÂŪ glass
pieces*
*J. Jones, Review of bioactive glass:
From Hench to hybrids, Acta
Biomaterialia 9 (2013) 4457â4486
Glass-
Ceramics
L. Hench et al., Glass and Medicine,
International Journal of Applied Glass
Science 1 [1] 104â117 (2010)
19
20. Glass is every where - āļāļąāļ§āļāļĒāđāļģāļāđāļāđāļ§
āļāļēāļĢāđāļāđāļāļēāļāļāļēāļāđāļ āļŠāļąāļ (Medical
Application)
Radioactive
microspheres
Source: Mo-Sci Health
Care
Scaffold for bone or tissue
regeneration
M. Erol-Taygun et al., Nanoscale
Bioactive Glasses in Medical
Applications, International Journal of
Applied Glass Science 4 [2] 136â148 20
21. Glass is every where - āļāļąāļ§āļāļĒāđāļģāļāđāļāđāļ§
āļāļāļāļāļēāļāļāļĩāđ(But
AlsoâĶ)
Glass for night-vision
enhancement
(chalcogenide infrared-
transparent glasses)
Glass beads for water
purification
Bioactive glasses in
cosmetic products
Source:
Schott
Source:
photonics.com
21
57. Coloring element â transition metal
āļāļģāđāļāļ°āļāļģ: Fe āđāļāđāļāļŠāļīāđāļāđāļāļ·āļāļāļāļāļĩāđāđāļāđāļĄāļēāļāļēāļāļ§āļąāļāļāļļāļāļīāļ āļāļĢāļīāļĄāļēāļ
āđāļŦāļĨāđāļāļāļēāļāļāļ°āļāļ§āļāļāļļāļĄāļāļĒāđāļēāļāļĢāļ°āļĄāļąāļāļĢāļ°āļ§āļąāļ āđāļāļ·āđāļāļāļāļēāļāļĄāļąāļāļĄāļĩāļāļĨāļāļĢāļ°āļāļ
āļāļĒāđāļēāļāļĄāļēāļāļāļąāļāļŠāļĩāļāļāļāđāļāđāļ§āļŦāļĨāļąāļāđāļāļē
57
59. Example cost price of raw materials
Typical price levels (2009) for raw materials applied in the glass industry, in EU excluding transport costs.
59
67. Batch Redox number
āļāļēāļĢāļāļēāļāļ§āļāļŦāļēāļāļąāļ§āđāļĨāļ Redox āđāļāļĒāđāļāđāļāļāļīāļāļāļāļ oxidizing āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ reducing āđāļāļŠāđāļ§āļāļāļŠāļĄ
Rtotal = ï Ri âĒ Gi
Gi āļāļ·āļ āļŠāļēāļĢāļāļĢāļ°āļāļāļāļāļāļīāļ reducing āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ oxidizing āļāđāļāļāļĢāļīāļĄāļēāļāļāļāļāļāļĢāļēāļĒ 2000 āļāļīāđāļĨāļāļĢāļąāļĄāđāļ
āļŠāđāļ§āļāļāļŠāļĄ
Ri āļāļ·āļ redox factor (āļāļ°āļĄāļĩāļāđāļēāđāļāđāļāļĨāļāļŠāļēāļŦāļĢāļąāļāļŠāļēāļĢāļāļĢāļ°āļāļāļāļāļāļīāļ reducing āđāļāđāļ carbon)
67
68. āļāļĨāļāļāļ Redox āļāļąāļ color āļāļāļ Fe āđāļĨāļ° Cr āđāļāļāļ§āļāđāļāđāļ§
From P. Laimbock, ReadOX & Consultancy, presentation at ICG 68
84. References and further reading
âĒ Book âIntroduction to Glass Science and Technologyâ, J. Shelby (RSC
publishing, 2nd edition 2005)
âĒ Book âFundamentals of Inorganic Glassesâ, A. Varshneya (Elsevier, 1993)
âĒ Glass Technology journals (e.g. European Journal of Glass Science and
Technology)
âĒ NCNGâs Glass Technology course and handbook 2013
âĒ Proceedings of GlassTrend meetings and seminars (www.glasstrend.nl)
âĒ Proceedings of âGlass Problem Conferencesâ (Wiley, every year)
âĒ Youtube video: Production of Glass Bottles - How it's made
84