This document provides an overview of agriculture. It discusses how agriculture began around 10,000 years ago through the deliberate cultivation of plants and domestication of animals. It contrasts hunting and gathering societies with agricultural societies. The document then covers the origins of vegetative and seed-based agriculture in different regions. It discusses the differences between subsistence and commercial agriculture. It also maps the global distribution of major agricultural regions and how they correlate with climate zones. Finally, it discusses tools for identifying and protecting productive farmland from urban expansion.