•What is Contract?
•What is Construction Contract?
•Purpose of Construction Contract
•Contract for Bid and Procurement
•Contract for Pricing Arrangement
•Construction Contract Component
•Contract Document List
•Standard Form of Contract in Malaysia
Tips for effective administration of a construction contract and for reducing the risk of delay and change orders. Interplay between the contractors, the consultant and an owner.
Construction Contracts: Basics of Contracts and Contract AdministrationGerald R. (Jerry) Genge
The CCDC 2 Stipulated Price Contract is the "go to" document for construction contracts. Learn the basic components and roles of eth parties to the contract.
Contract management is the systematic process of creating, administering, and enforcing contracts between two or more parties. It ensures both parties fulfill their obligations as outlined in the agreement and minimizes potential risks.
•What is Contract?
•What is Construction Contract?
•Purpose of Construction Contract
•Contract for Bid and Procurement
•Contract for Pricing Arrangement
•Construction Contract Component
•Contract Document List
•Standard Form of Contract in Malaysia
Tips for effective administration of a construction contract and for reducing the risk of delay and change orders. Interplay between the contractors, the consultant and an owner.
Construction Contracts: Basics of Contracts and Contract AdministrationGerald R. (Jerry) Genge
The CCDC 2 Stipulated Price Contract is the "go to" document for construction contracts. Learn the basic components and roles of eth parties to the contract.
Contract management is the systematic process of creating, administering, and enforcing contracts between two or more parties. It ensures both parties fulfill their obligations as outlined in the agreement and minimizes potential risks.
This was a presentation delivered by Robert Langley, partner and head of the construction and engineering team at Muckle LLP, on Tuesday 7th October. The event was organised and hosted by the APM North East branch and was entitled 'Project contracts and how they support collaborative working'. It was held at the Radisson Blu hotel in Durham.
contract management, stages of contract managementVISHAKA BOTHRA
Contract management, management of contract, stages of contract management, role of client, main duties of client, role of contractor, role of subcontractor, role of architect, responsibilities of architect, site supervision, responsibilities of site supervisor, relation between contractor and architect
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
2. WHAT IS A
CONTRACT?
• Definitions
• “An agreement enforceable by law is a Contract.”
• “Every promise and every set of promises, forming
the consideration for each other , is an Agreement.”
• “The agreement must create legal obligations
between the parties is an Enforceable.”
• Contract: It is an undertaking by a firm or a person to
do any work under certain terms and conditions.
• Contractor: A person or a firm who undertakes any
type of contract.
3. Definitions ...Cont’d
• Construction contracts are the agreements
between services providers (contractors) and
the clients.
• The client is the promoter or the project
initiator. He develops a need for a structure,
establishes his requirements and provides
resources that are required for the realization
of the project
• The contractor assembles resources into the
final product
4. Definitions ...Cont’d
From a Legal Point of View:
Contract is a mutual agreement between two or
more parties that something shall be done, an
agreement enforceable at law.
According to FIDIC:
Contract means the General Conditions, the
Supplementary Conditions, the Specifications, the
Drawings, the Bill of Quantities, the Tender, the Letter
of Acceptance, the Contract Agreement.
5. History of construction contracts
• Formal construction contracts have been
around since 1870, J. Murdoch and W. Hughes
(2001).
• Between 1200-1600 AD construction work
was undertaken by master craftsmen
organized into guilds.
6. History of construction contracts
...cont’d
• By 1800 AD the contracting system emerged
and many works required designs to be
complete, including estimates for materials
and labour.
• This marked the beginning of construction
contracts as we know them today.
• Need for contract comes with many short falls
to be managed which can be termed as risks.
The following are some of the risks:-
7. Construction risk
• Owner’s risk is due to the following factors:
• Will the contractor be able to carry out work as per
specifications?
• Can the work be completed within quoted cost and
time?
• Will the plant/project perform at the required level?
• Will the contractor stay on job till its completion?
• Will the contractor co-operate with the owner and
rectify defects later?
• Will the relationship continue?
• Does he/she understand his/her intent fully?
8. Construction risk cont’d
• Contractor’s risk is due to the following
factors:
• Termination of work before its completion
• Prompt payments
• Reimbursement for extra claims
• Penalization for failures beyond his control.
• Interruptions in progress and change of scope
• Compensation for pure escalation.
9. Construction risk cont’d
Other construction risks include
1. The unforeseen:
• unexpected ground conditions
• unpredicted weather conditions
• a shortage of materials in the market
• a shortage of skilled labour
• accidents, whether by fire, flood or carelessness
• innovative design that does not work or proves
impossible to construct.
• The length of the contract.
10. Construction risk cont’d
2. Projects vary in the time needed for
completion, from days to years. During that
time the risk allocation agreed at the time of
contracting can change substantially. This is
especially so with regard to the availability of
materials and its costs. A contractor may
have ‘bought’ the job because work was
scarce at the time and the price of
components was low.
11. Construction risk cont’d
3.The number of participants, and parties in the
project and the corresponding length of
contractual chain cause their own problems. The
risk of insolvency increases, the longer the chain.
4.The particular relationship (often referred to as a
triangular relationship of costs, time and quality)
in which conflict is inherent. Contracting parties
have different perceptions of how these factors
of their relationship interact.
12. Construction risk cont’d
5.The interaction between liability for defective
workmanship and for faults in design. Lack of
coordination between design and construction
is a common source of dispute. Much of the
innovation in procurement systems of recent
years stems from creating ways of minimising
the effect of this clash.
13. Construction risk cont’d
• Construction contracts are drawn to ensure duties,
responsibilities and risks are shared and distributed
amongst the project participants. The use of
standard forms of agreements has been developed
and generally adopted in the construction industry to
help guide the relationships between the parties and
also to ensure construction projects are managed in
a sound and effective way. The adoption of a suitable
form of agreement, its implementation in executing
the work until project close out is the object of
construction contract administration.