Here is the some basic information regarding Tunneling & Rock Drilling Equipments which I have collected from different resources (Internet,Professors,Experts,Engineers,Companies etc). It would be very helpful for M.Tech students of Construction Engineering & Management.
-RAJARSHI
Here is the some basic information regarding Tunneling & Rock Drilling Equipments which I have collected from different resources (Internet,Professors,Experts,Engineers,Companies etc). It would be very helpful for M.Tech students of Construction Engineering & Management.
-RAJARSHI
This ppt of TRUCKS and WAGONS comes under the subject of Construction Engg. It will help you to understand the role of trucks and wagons with respect to work, function, and types.
During its forward movement, the blade cuts the ground and the loosened earth collected in the body of scraper. When the scraper is fully loaded, it is raised above ground d taken to the site of dumping. The earth from the scarper is than taken out by opening the bottom of it and the earth is laid in layer of required thickness.
Power shovel is a bucket equipped constuction equipment used for excavating and transporting all classes of earth (except solicd rocks without prior loosening) to nearby trucks or other hauling equipments.
what is earthwork? and what is earthwork equipment ?. types of earthwork equipment, tractor, motor grader, backhoe, dragline, clamshell, bulldozer and their applications.
I'm Irfan Nasir. Currently studying Civil Engineering at Mehran University of Engineering and Technology. This is a slide made by me on Defects in rails from the subject Transportation Engineering.
Visit www.seminarlinks.blogspot.com to Download.
The intersection of railway track and the road at the same level is referred to as a level crossing. In the urban areas the level crossing is generally monitored by qualified railway personnel who monitor the train movement and close the level crossing gate to stop the interfering road traffic but such closing of gates leads to congestion in road traffic and also causes loss of time to road users. Road under bridge and road over the bridge are considered as solutions for avoiding level crossings of roads and railway track.
Tractor, bulldozer, scraper, ripper_Advanced Construction Technology (Semeste...A Makwana
“TRACTOR AND RELATED EQUIPMENTS”
A tractor is a versatile i.e. multipurpose machine. They convert engine energy into tractive energy.
Classification of tractors:
Wheeled Tractor
Crawler Tractor
This ppt of TRUCKS and WAGONS comes under the subject of Construction Engg. It will help you to understand the role of trucks and wagons with respect to work, function, and types.
During its forward movement, the blade cuts the ground and the loosened earth collected in the body of scraper. When the scraper is fully loaded, it is raised above ground d taken to the site of dumping. The earth from the scarper is than taken out by opening the bottom of it and the earth is laid in layer of required thickness.
Power shovel is a bucket equipped constuction equipment used for excavating and transporting all classes of earth (except solicd rocks without prior loosening) to nearby trucks or other hauling equipments.
what is earthwork? and what is earthwork equipment ?. types of earthwork equipment, tractor, motor grader, backhoe, dragline, clamshell, bulldozer and their applications.
I'm Irfan Nasir. Currently studying Civil Engineering at Mehran University of Engineering and Technology. This is a slide made by me on Defects in rails from the subject Transportation Engineering.
Visit www.seminarlinks.blogspot.com to Download.
The intersection of railway track and the road at the same level is referred to as a level crossing. In the urban areas the level crossing is generally monitored by qualified railway personnel who monitor the train movement and close the level crossing gate to stop the interfering road traffic but such closing of gates leads to congestion in road traffic and also causes loss of time to road users. Road under bridge and road over the bridge are considered as solutions for avoiding level crossings of roads and railway track.
Tractor, bulldozer, scraper, ripper_Advanced Construction Technology (Semeste...A Makwana
“TRACTOR AND RELATED EQUIPMENTS”
A tractor is a versatile i.e. multipurpose machine. They convert engine energy into tractive energy.
Classification of tractors:
Wheeled Tractor
Crawler Tractor
Fleet management can be defined by three basic components: Equipment assignment
and optimization, Production monitoring, and Position and material monitoring. Equipment assignment
and optimization is the primary reason many construction companies choose to implement fleet
management systems in the first place. By enabling the scheduling and assignment of all types of
equipment from multiple manufacturers as well as shift change management from a central office
location. The second critical element, production monitoring, is the ability to review information on
machine cycle time, payload, loading performance and other key operational parameters. Fleet
management provides visibility in real time to this kind of data which can be tracked by individual
machine or operator, groups of machines, specific sites or an entire fleet enabling miners to make timely
changes to improve loading performance and increase payload predictability. Position and material
monitoring is the third key component. At its most basic level, fleet management is about monitoring
equipment location for an entire fleet but beyond that, it also helps to ensure that machines are in the
right location and that the amount and type of material they are moving is accurate. The study revealed
to analyze performance factors such as dump movement and haul road congestion to boost overall site
productivity.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
2. General
Estimating and planning involves
the judicious selection of
equipment, the careful scheduling
of time and resources, and the
accurate determination of
expected system output and cost.
Definition
It is the number of units and the
size of equipment that would
permit the constructor to
accomplish the activity with a
duration resulting in the lowest
cost.
2 February 2019 2
COTM 4202
3. Haul unit horsepower
Haul road rolling resistance
Haul road grades
Haul unit loaded and empty weight
Haul unit transmission characteristics
Haul unit loading time
Haul unit travel time
Haul unit delay time
Altitude of the project site
Haul unit horsepower
Haul road rolling resistance
Haul road grades
Haul unit loaded and empty weight
Haul unit transmission characteristics
Haul unit loading time
Haul unit travel time
Haul unit delay time
Altitude of the project site
2 February 2019
COTM 4202 3
4. Total power that an engine is capable of
generating is expressed as its horsepower.
Available horsepower is power that is
available to perform work after taking into
account losses and consumption in other
machine functions.
Rimpull is defined as the tractive force
between the driving wheels and the surface
on which they travel.( V is velocity in mph)
Total power that an engine is capable of
generating is expressed as its horsepower.
Available horsepower is power that is
available to perform work after taking into
account losses and consumption in other
machine functions.
Rimpull is defined as the tractive force
between the driving wheels and the surface
on which they travel.( V is velocity in mph)
2 February 2019
COTM 4202 4
5. Power generated by engine
2 February 2019
COTM 4202 5
Drawbar Pull
Rolling Resistance
Rimpull
6. Rolling resistance is resistance offered to movement of
materials on a plain surface; often expressed in pounds
per ton of materials.
Rolling Resistance depends upon:
2 February 2019
COTM 4202 6
8. The force-opposing movement of a machine up a
frictionless slope is grade resistance.
The effect of gravitational force in aiding movement of a
vehicle down a slope is grade assistance.
2 February 2019
COTM 4202 8
F= 20 lbs/ G% per Ton
9. The cycle capacity C of a piece of equipment
is defined as the number of output units per
cycle of operation under standard work
conditions.
The standard production rate R of a piece of
construction equipment is defined as the
number of output units per unit time.
The cycle time T refers to units of time per
cycle of operation.
The cycle capacity C of a piece of equipment
is defined as the number of output units per
cycle of operation under standard work
conditions.
The standard production rate R of a piece of
construction equipment is defined as the
number of output units per unit time.
The cycle time T refers to units of time per
cycle of operation.
2 February 2019
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10. Time to load a mover for load shifting will
determine loads that can be transferred.
Longer loading time lesser will be
productivity.
To is loading time
Te is cycle time for loader/excavator
Ch is capacity of a hauler (dump truck)
Ce loading rate/capacity of loader
Time to load a mover for load shifting will
determine loads that can be transferred.
Longer loading time lesser will be
productivity.
To is loading time
Te is cycle time for loader/excavator
Ch is capacity of a hauler (dump truck)
Ce loading rate/capacity of loader
2 February 2019
COTM 4202 10
11. It is time for moving load from production site to
disposal site. Longer time will reduce productivity.
To determine the productivity of a hauler,
› Let: D be the distance from source to a dump site, S
be the average speed of the hauler, Tt be the travel
time for the round trip to the dump site, To be the
loading time,Td be the dumping time plus other
delays.
Then the travel time for the round trip is given by:
It is time for moving load from production site to
disposal site. Longer time will reduce productivity.
To determine the productivity of a hauler,
› Let: D be the distance from source to a dump site, S
be the average speed of the hauler, Tt be the travel
time for the round trip to the dump site, To be the
loading time,Td be the dumping time plus other
delays.
Then the travel time for the round trip is given by:
2 February 2019
COTM 4202 11
12. Human and machine system suffer from
inherent delays due to reaction time and
capacity, say Td.
2 February 2019
COTM 4202 12
13. For a given dumping time Td, the total cycle
time Th of the hauler is the sum of loading
time, travel time and damping time given
by:
For a given dumping time Td, the total cycle
time Th of the hauler is the sum of loading
time, travel time and damping time given
by:
2 February 2019
COTM 4202 13
14. Optimum number of haul units (N) is
determined by:
NB: Rounding down will maximize haul unit
productivity.
Optimum number of haul units (N) is
determined by:
NB: Rounding down will maximize haul unit
productivity.
2 February 2019
COTM 4202 14
15. An 16 cubic meter dump truck has a
loading time of 3 min, a travel time of 7 min,
and the dumping and delay times of 5 min.
Calculate the cycle time of the hauler and
optimum number of hauling units.
An 16 cubic meter dump truck has a
loading time of 3 min, a travel time of 7 min,
and the dumping and delay times of 5 min.
Calculate the cycle time of the hauler and
optimum number of hauling units.
2 February 2019
COTM 4202 15
16. The daily standard production rate Pe of an
excavator is is given by:
He is the operating hours per day
Ce is the cycle capacity (in units of volume) of the
excavator
Te is the cycle time (in hours) of the excavator
The daily standard production rate Pe of an
excavator is is given by:
He is the operating hours per day
Ce is the cycle capacity (in units of volume) of the
excavator
Te is the cycle time (in hours) of the excavator
2 February 2019
COTM 4202 16
17. The daily standard production rate Ph of a
hauler is given by:
Rh is standard production rate
Hh is the number of operating hours per day
The daily standard production rate Ph of a
hauler is given by:
Rh is standard production rate
Hh is the number of operating hours per day
2 February 2019
COTM 4202 17
18. A 1.5 cubic meter front-end loader is going to
load dump trucks with a capacity of 9.0 cubic
meter. The loader takes 0.4 min to fill and load
one bucket. The travel time in the haul is 4.0 min.
Dump and delay times are 2.5 min combined.
Calculate:
The loading time,
The cycle time of hauler,
Number of trucks,
The hourly production rate of haul units, and
The hourly production of loader
A 1.5 cubic meter front-end loader is going to
load dump trucks with a capacity of 9.0 cubic
meter. The loader takes 0.4 min to fill and load
one bucket. The travel time in the haul is 4.0 min.
Dump and delay times are 2.5 min combined.
Calculate:
The loading time,
The cycle time of hauler,
Number of trucks,
The hourly production rate of haul units, and
The hourly production of loader
2 February 2019
COTM 4202 18
19. A power shovel with a dipper of one cubic
meter capacity has a standard operating
cycle time of 30 seconds. Find the daily
standard production rate of the shovel.
Ce = 1 cu. mtr., Te = 30 sec. and He = 8
hours.
A power shovel with a dipper of one cubic
meter capacity has a standard operating
cycle time of 30 seconds. Find the daily
standard production rate of the shovel.
Ce = 1 cu. mtr., Te = 30 sec. and He = 8
hours.
2 February 2019
COTM 4202 19
20. A dump truck with a capacity of 6 cubic meter
is used to dispose of excavated materials at a
dump site 4 km away. The average speed of
the dump truck is 30 mph and the dumping
time is 30 seconds. Find the daily standard
production rate of the truck. If a fleet of dump
trucks of 9 cubic meter capacity is used to
dispose of the excavated materials for 8 hours
per day, determine the number of trucks
needed daily.
A dump truck with a capacity of 6 cubic meter
is used to dispose of excavated materials at a
dump site 4 km away. The average speed of
the dump truck is 30 mph and the dumping
time is 30 seconds. Find the daily standard
production rate of the truck. If a fleet of dump
trucks of 9 cubic meter capacity is used to
dispose of the excavated materials for 8 hours
per day, determine the number of trucks
needed daily.
2 February 2019
COTM 4202 20
21. Material properties have a direct effect on the ease or
difficulty of handling the material, on the selection of
equipment, and on equipment production rates.
Quantities are often measured in volume units.
Volume of material under different conditions varies
appreciably.
Material properties have a direct effect on the ease or
difficulty of handling the material, on the selection of
equipment, and on equipment production rates.
Quantities are often measured in volume units.
Volume of material under different conditions varies
appreciably.
2 February 2019
COTM 4202 21
22. Bank: Material in its natural state. Also called
in-place or in-situ. Measurement: BCM (Bank
Cubic Meter)
Lose: material that has been excavated or
loaded. Measurement: LCM (Lose Cubic
Meter)
Compacted: Material after compaction:
Measurement: CCM (Compacted Cubic
Meter)
2 February 2019
COTM 4202 22
Bank: Material in its natural state. Also called
in-place or in-situ. Measurement: BCM (Bank
Cubic Meter)
Lose: material that has been excavated or
loaded. Measurement: LCM (Lose Cubic
Meter)
Compacted: Material after compaction:
Measurement: CCM (Compacted Cubic
Meter)
23. Swell
Factor
Shrinkage
Factor
The swell factor is the ratio of the loose dry
weight per unit volume to the bank dry weight
per unit volume.
Loose dry unit weight
Swell Factor (w) = _____________________
Bank dry unit weight
Swell% = ( 1/w – 1 )x100
The shrinkage factor is the ratio of the compacted dry
weight per unit volume to the bank dry weight per unit
volume:
Compacted dry unit weight
Shrinkage Factor = _________________________
Bank dry unit weight
Shrinkage % = ( SrF – 1 )x100
Shrinkage
Factor
The shrinkage factor is the ratio of the compacted dry
weight per unit volume to the bank dry weight per unit
volume:
Compacted dry unit weight
Shrinkage Factor = _________________________
Bank dry unit weight
Shrinkage % = ( SrF – 1 )x100
2 February 2019
COTM 4202 23
25. Let w denote the swell factor of the soil
wPe denote the daily volume of loose
excavated materials.
Then the approximate number of haulers
required to dispose of the excavated
materials is given by:
Let w denote the swell factor of the soil
wPe denote the daily volume of loose
excavated materials.
Then the approximate number of haulers
required to dispose of the excavated
materials is given by:
2 February 2019
COTM 4202 25
26. Equipment productivities at job sites are
influenced by actual work conditions and a
variety of inefficiencies and work stoppages.
Let F1, F2, ..., Fn, denote factors that lower
productivity, each of which is smaller than 1,
Then the actual equipment productivity R' at the
job site can be related to the standard
production rate R as follows:
Equipment productivities at job sites are
influenced by actual work conditions and a
variety of inefficiencies and work stoppages.
Let F1, F2, ..., Fn, denote factors that lower
productivity, each of which is smaller than 1,
Then the actual equipment productivity R' at the
job site can be related to the standard
production rate R as follows:
2 February 2019
COTM 4202 26
27. The actual cycle time T' at the job site is
related to the standard cycle time T as:
2 February 2019
COTM 4202 27
28. A power shovel with a dipper of 1.2 cubic meter
capacity has a standard production rate of 960
cubic meter for an 8-hour day. 4min is consumed
to fill and load. Determine the job site
productivity and the actual cycle time of this
shovel under the work conditions at the site that
affects its productivity as shown below:
Work Conditions at the Site Factors
Bulk composition 0.954
Soil properties and water content 0.983
Equipment idle time for worker breaks 0.8
Management efficiency 0.7
A power shovel with a dipper of 1.2 cubic meter
capacity has a standard production rate of 960
cubic meter for an 8-hour day. 4min is consumed
to fill and load. Determine the job site
productivity and the actual cycle time of this
shovel under the work conditions at the site that
affects its productivity as shown below:
Work Conditions at the Site Factors
Bulk composition 0.954
Soil properties and water content 0.983
Equipment idle time for worker breaks 0.8
Management efficiency 0.7
2 February 2019
COTM 4202 28
29. A dump truck with a capacity of 6 cubic meter is used
to dispose of excavated materials. The distance from
the dump site is 4km and the average speed of the
dump truck is 30 kph. The job site productivity of the
power shovel per day is 504 cubic meter, which will
be modified by a swell factor of 1.1. The only factors
affecting the job site productivity of the dump truck in
addition to those affecting the power shovel are 0.80
for equipment idle time and 0.70 for management
efficiency. Determine the job site productivity of the
dump truck. If a fleet of such trucks is used to haul the
excavated material, find the number of trucks needed
daily.
A dump truck with a capacity of 6 cubic meter is used
to dispose of excavated materials. The distance from
the dump site is 4km and the average speed of the
dump truck is 30 kph. The job site productivity of the
power shovel per day is 504 cubic meter, which will
be modified by a swell factor of 1.1. The only factors
affecting the job site productivity of the dump truck in
addition to those affecting the power shovel are 0.80
for equipment idle time and 0.70 for management
efficiency. Determine the job site productivity of the
dump truck. If a fleet of such trucks is used to haul the
excavated material, find the number of trucks needed
daily.
2 February 2019
COTM 4202 29
30. A front-end loader loads a fleet of dump trucks
(capacity 18 loose cubic meter each), which haul the
earth to a fill where it is compacted with a shrinkage
factor of 10%. The earth has a percent swell of 20%.
The job requires a volume of 18,000 compacted cubic
meter. Distance between quarry and project site is
5miles connected with dirt track.
How many hours will be required to excavate and haul
the material to the fill.
A front-end loader loads a fleet of dump trucks
(capacity 18 loose cubic meter each), which haul the
earth to a fill where it is compacted with a shrinkage
factor of 10%. The earth has a percent swell of 20%.
The job requires a volume of 18,000 compacted cubic
meter. Distance between quarry and project site is
5miles connected with dirt track.
How many hours will be required to excavate and haul
the material to the fill.
2 February 2019
COTM 4202 30