All living things are made up of cells, which vary in structure based on their function. Though cells differ in shape and size, they all contain the same main parts - cytoplasm, cell membrane, and nucleus. The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell, and the cytoplasm contains various organelles like mitochondria and lysosomes. Cells grow and divide through the cell cycle in order to carry out functions like growth, development, repair, and reproduction. The cell cycle consists of interphase and the division phases of mitosis and cytokinesis.

2.  Living things are made up of cells.
(Cell Theory)
 Cells vary in structure in relation
to the function they perform.

3.  Cells differ greatly in shape and size.
However they have the same main
parts:
- cytoplasm, the part of the cell where
most life activities take place;
- cell membrane, which envelopes the
cytoplasm; and
- nucleus, the part of the cell where the
genetic material is formed.

5.  The cell membrane, a living double
layer of fats and proteins,
regulates the entry and exit of
materials in the cell.

6. Found in the cytoplasm are the
following: mitochondria,
lysosomes, Golgi bodies,
endoplasmic reticulum,
ribosomes and vacuoles.

8. The nuclear membrane, a
double layer of fats and
proteins, covers the nucleus.
Inside it are the nuclear sap
(nucleoplasm), nucleolus and
chromosomes.

10. Growth
Development
Repair of damaged body parts
and tissues (gametes).
Reproduction

12.  cell grows, accumulates nutrients
and replicates its genetic material
– all important events that prepare
the cell division.
 three stages: G1 phase, S phase,
G2 phase
 90% of the entire cycle is devoted
to the interphase.

14.  cell is still young and undergoes
rapid growth, cell attains its
normal size
 organelles are formed
 DNA and proteins
 the longest phase in most cells

15.  DNA inside the chromosome
doubles by a process called
replication
 sister chromatid – strand of the
double-stranded chromosome
produced joined by the
centromere

17.  preparations for cell division
 cell synthesizes proteins and
continues to increase in size
 assembly of proteins
 RNA and proteins are made

18.  cell undergoes division
 division of nucleus – karyokinesis
(nuclear division)
 2 types of karyokinesis: mitosis
and meiosis
 division of cytoplasm –
cytokinesis