The document summarizes key aspects of the cell cycle and cell division. It begins by introducing the cell cycle, which involves the copying and distribution of a cell's genome into two daughter cells. It then describes the main phases of the cell cycle as interphase (which includes G1, S, and G2 phases) and the M phase (mitosis and cytokinesis). Interphase involves cell growth and DNA replication, while the M phase is when the cell undergoes nuclear and cellular division to form two daughter cells. In summary, the document provides an overview of the stages of the cell cycle, from interphase to mitosis and cytokinesis, and how cells grow and replicate their DNA before dividing.

1. TOPIC: CELL CYCLE AND CELL DIVISION
VANDANA H L
Topic: cell cycle and cell division
Vandana hl

2. INTRODUCTION
• The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life.
• Cell cycle is a series of events that takes place in a cell as it grows and
divides.
• The cell cycle was discovered by Prevost and Dumas(1824) while
studying the cleavage of zygote of Frog.
• It involves the copy and distribution of the genome into 2 daughter
cell

3. CELL CYCLE
• Preparation phase
• Changes takes place in cell
TYPES OF CELL DIVISION
• Mitosis
• Meiosis
• Amitosis

4. PHASES OF CELL CYCLE
1.Interphase
2.M Phase
• INTERPHASE- 1. G1 Phase
2. G2 Phase
3. G3 Phase
• M PHASE -1. Karyokinesis (Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase)
2. Cytokinesis

6. G1 Phase
G1 phase is the phase of cell between cell division and initiation of
replication of the genetic material of the cell. During this phase, the cell is
metabolically active and continues to grow without replicating its DNA.
• Protein synthesis increases
• RNA synthesis increases
• ATP synthesis increases
• Cell size and growth increases

7. S phase(synthesis)
The S phase, occurring between the G1 and G2 phases of the cell cycle.
1. DNA replication and DNA repair activity occurs in cell
2. Centriole’s divide (in animal cell)
3. Histone protein synthesis

8. G2 Phase
In G2 Phase, the cell prepares for multiplication, during this phase RNA,
protein and other macromolecules required for multiplication.
1. Protein synthesis increases
2. ATP molecule increases
3. RNA synthesis increases
4. Cell size and growth increases

9. M phase
M phase consists of nuclear division that is karyokinesis and cytokinesis.
M phase is complex and highly regulated. The sequence divide into phases, corresponding to
the completion of one set of activities and the start of the next.
Karyokinesis
It is a relatively short period of the cell cycle.
The phases are
• Prophase
• Metaphase
• Anaphase
• Telophase
Cytokinesis

10. Thank you