Group 5's members are listed as Nimra khan, Kashmala, Laiba, Iqra, Shiasta, and Taqdees. The document then defines the cell cycle as a series of events leading to DNA duplication and cell division into two daughter cells. It describes the two main phases as interphase and mitotic phase. Interphase is further broken down into G1, S, and G2 phases for cell growth and DNA replication. The mitotic phase is described in detail, outlining the specific processes of prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase leading to cytokinesis and two daughter cells. Meiosis is also summarized as reducing chromosome number by half in daughter cells compared

2. Group #5
Group Members
Nimra khan (L)
Kashmala
Laiba
Iqra
Shiasta
Taqdees

3. Cell CYCLE
.
Cell cycle is a series of
events that take place
in a cell leading to
duplication of its
DNA and division of
cytoplasm to produce
two daughter cells.

4. Phases of Cell Cycle
Cell Cycle consists of two phases:
 Interphase
 Mitotic phase
Interphase:
It is a period of great biochemical activity
and is divided into three phases:
 G1 phase
 S phase
 G2 Phase

5. INTERPHASE :
G1 PHASE
 Cell metabolically active and
grows continuously
S PHASE:
 DNA synthesis occurs
 Chromosome number is
doubled
G2 PHASE:
 Energy is stored for
chromosome movement
 Mitosis specific proteins are
synthesized

6. MITOTIC PHASE:
 “Mitosis is a type of cell division that ensures same
number of chromosomes in daughter cells as that of
parent cells”
 It consists of following phases:
 Prophase
 Metaphase
 Anaphase
 Telophase

7. PROPHASE :
• Chromatin material
condenses
• Chromosomes
becomes visible
• Nuclear envelope
disappears
• Nuclear material is
released in cytoplasm
• Nucleoli disappears

8. METAPHASE:
• The kinetochore fibers of
spindle attach to kinetochore
region of chromosomes
• Chromosomes line up at the
equator of spindle forming
equatorial plate or metaphase
plate

9. ANAPHASE :
• Critical phase of mitosis
• Kinetochore fibers contract
towards their respective
poles
• Chromatids separate and
move to opposite poles

10. TELOPHASE:
• Chromosomes decondense due
to unfolding
• Chromosomes disappears as
chromatin
• Mitotic apparatus disorganizes
• Nuclear mebrane and nucleoli
reorganizes
• Resuts in formation of two nuclei
at two poles of the cell

11. CYTOKINESIS:
“Cytokinesis is division of protoplast of cell
into two daughter cells”
 Astral Microtubules send signals to equatorial
region of cell
 Contractile ring is formed
 Clevage furrow deepens towards center of cell
 Cell is divided into two daughter cells

13. Importance of Mitosis:

15. MEIOSIS
 A kind of cell division in which number of
chromosomes in daughter cells is reduced to
half as compared to parent cell.
 It consists of following phases:
 Prophase I and II
 Metaphase I and II
 Anaphase I and II
 Telophase I and II

27. MEIOSIS II:
 Phases of meiosis II are similar to phases of
mitosis
 In meiosis II two daughter cells are formed
 Cytokinesis takes place and four haploid cells
with half number of chromosomes are
formed

42. Symptoms:
Female appearance
Short strature
Webbed neck
Without ovaries
Complete absence
of germ cells