Mitosis is the process of cell division into two identical daughter cells. It is divided into five phases: interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During interphase the chromosomes condense and the centrioles move to opposite poles. In prophase the chromosomes attach to the spindle by their kinetochores. Metaphase aligns the chromosomes in the center. Anaphase separates the sister chromatids and moves them to opposite poles. Telophase reforms the nuclei around the separated chromosomes.

1. MITOSIS

4. Mitosis is divided into 5 phases:
1. Interphase
2. Prophase
3. Metaphase
4. Anaphase
5. Telophase

5. Interphase:
-chromosomes continue to condense
-centrioles move to each pole of the cell
-spindle apparatus is assembled
-nuclear envelope dissolves

7. Prophase:
-chromosomes become attached to the spindle
apparatus by their kinetochores
-a second set of microtubules is formed from
the poles to each kinetochore
-microtubules begin to pull each chromosome
toward the center of the cell

9. Metaphase:
-microtubules pull the chromosomes to align
them at the center of the cell
-metaphase plate: imaginary plane through the
center of the cell where the chromosomes
align

11. Anaphase:
-removal of cohesin proteins causes the
centromeres to separate
-microtubules pull sister chromatids toward
the poles
-in anaphase the kinetochores are pulled apart
-in anaphase the poles move apart

13. Telophase:
-spindle apparatus disassembles
-nuclear envelope forms around each set of
sister chromatids
-chromosomes begin to uncoil
-nucleolus reappears in each new nucleus

15.  Cytoplasmic Division
 Usually occurs between late anaphase and
end of telophase
 Two mechanisms
◦ Cell plate formation (plants)
◦ Cleavage (animals)

17. The cell cycle is controlled at three
checkpoints:
1. G1/S checkpoint
-the cell “decides” to divide
2. G2/M checkpoint
-the cell makes a commitment to mitosis
3. late metaphase (spindle) checkpoint
-the cell ensures that all chromosomes are
attached to the spindle

18.  1 parent cell  2 identical daughter cells
 Chromosome number remains the same from
one generation to the next

19.  www.ursulinehs.org/powerpoint/mitosis.ppt
 www.biology4teachers.com/Cell%20Division/
Mitosis.ppt
 http://www.iteachbio.com/Life%20Science/Lif
eFunctionsandTheCell/Mitosis.ppt
 www.wiseGEEK.com