This document provides an introduction to mitosis, including its 5 main phases: interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Mitosis is the process of cell division where a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells. It allows for organism growth, tissue repair, and reproduction in simple organisms. Mitosis takes place in somatic cells of the body, excluding sex cells. Each phase is described in 1-2 sentences. References are provided from online slide presentations on mitosis.

1. C.N MAKAMU
201443410
TEACHING STUDIES
2017/09/18

2. INTRODUCTION TO
MITOSIS
Life sciences GRADE 10

3. What is mitosis?
• Mitosis is a form of cell division where a single cell divides into
two identical daughter cells
• Mitosis is differentiated into 5 phases which are Interphase,
prophase ,metaphase ,anaphase and telophase
• Chromosomes form when the chromatin network in the nucleus of
the cell, coil up, shortens and thickens.
• Each organism has a specific amount of chromosomes.
(Farwell)

4. Importance of mitosis
• It allows an organism to grow
• Allows the repair of damaged cells
• Reproduction in simple organisms
• Replaces dead cells and tissues
(Catherine Patterson)

5. Where does mitosis take place ?
• It takes place in all body cells(somatic cells),excluding sex cells
which is the sperm and the egg.

6. Interphase
• Cell builds up enough energy for division process
• DNA replicates
• There are no visible changes in the cell.

7. Prophase
• Nuclear envelope and nucleolus disappear.
• Chromatin become more tightly coiled, and condenses into
individual chromosomes
• Chromosomes arrange randomly in the cell.
• Centriole move to opposite poles, with spindle fibers stretching
between them.(Aneuenschwander)

8. METAPHASE
• The centrioli reached the opposite poles with the spindle fibers in
between.
• The chromosomes arrange randomly on the equator, each single
chromosome attaching to a separate spindle fiber by means of the
centromere.

9. ANAPHASE
• The spindle fibers pull tight.
• The centromeres attaching the chromatids of the chromosomes
split in half.
• Daughter chromosomes move to opposite poles.

10. Telophase
• Daughter chromosomes reach poles.
• Nuclear envelope surrounds chromosomes.
• Nucleolus reappear at each pole.
• Chromosomes become less condense forming chromatin.
• Two identical nuclei has been formed
• Invagination of the cytoplasm and plasma membrane occurs. (Cleavage
furrow forms in animal cells and a cytoplasmic plate forms in plant cells)
• Continues until the cell in divided into 2 separate cells. (Identical to one
another and to the original cell) (Kritika Choudhary)

11. references
• THESE SLIDES WERE ADAPTED FROM THE FOLLOWING SLIDES ON
SLIDE SHARE:
Farrell w (Mitosis power point)
Catherine Patterson (Cell division mitosis and meiosis)
Shimaa Sherif (Cell division and cell cycle)
Aneuenschwander (Cell cycle PowerPoint)
Kritika Choudhary (Presentation on cell cycle )