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Case Discussion
Jirawat Phongmuenwai
6th year medical student
Department of Orthopedics
Case Scenario
• Case : ชายไทย 20 ปี ล้มเอามือกระแทกพื้น
• PI :
– 4 ชั่วโมงก่อนมาโรงพยาบาล ขณะกาลังจูงรถมอเตอร์ไซค์ มือของผู้ป่วยได้ลื่น
จากแฮนด์ของมอเตอร์ไซต์ โดยที่ผู้ป่วยพยายามประคองรถไว้จน แฮนด์ทับ
บริเวณมือด้านขวา หลังจากนั้น มีอาการบวมบริเวณมือด้านที่โดนทับดังกล่าว
บวมมากขึ้น เจ็บ แต่ไม่มีอาการชาบริเวณด้านข้างของมือที่ประสบอุบัติเหตุ
ดังกล่าว
• PH :
– ปฏิเสธประวัติดื่นสุรา ปฏิเสธประวัติโรคประจาตัว
– ปฏิเสธประวัติแพ้ยา หรือแพ้อาหาร
– บริเวณที่ล้มเป็นพื้นปูนสะอาด
Physical examination
• Ext :
– Swelling , tender , ecchymosis at ulnar side of hand
– Limit little finger opponens , flex , and extent due to pain
– Stepping was palpated at site of injury
– Wrist joint full ROM, Anatomical snuff box are not tender
– Sensory at little finger intact
– No external wound or bleeding
• Others system are not remarkable .
Film : Wrist A-P
Film : Wrist Lateral
Film : Hand A-P
32
Film : Hand oblique
56
After Immobilization by Ulnar gutter slab
Diagnosis
• Close fracture shaft of 5th metacarpal bone(Proximal part) of
Right hand
Management
• Film
– Wrist A-P , Lateral
– Hand A-P , Oblique
• Orthopedic management
– Ulnar gutter slab with safe position
– Allowed to return home and follow up.
• Medication
– Acetaminophen oral.
– Tramadol oral.
Metacarpals
Head Shaft
Transverse
fracture
Oblique fracture
Multifragmentary
fracture
Base
Treatment - Metacarpal Shaft Fractures
• Nonoperative
– Immobilization
• indications
– nondisplaced metacarpal neck fractures
– acceptable angulation (see above table)
– no malrotation
– shortening (aesthetic problem only)
• immobilize MCP joints in 70-90 degrees of flexion
• Immobilization for 4 weeks
Finger Acceptable Shaft Angulation
(degrees)
Acceptable Shaft Shortening
(mm)
Index & Long Finger 10-20 2-5
Ring Finger 30 2-5
Little Finger 40 2-5
Nonoperative treatment
• Reduction
• Technique
–Option 1: Immobilization with palmar splint
–Option 2: Immobilization with a forearm cast and finger splint
–Option 3: Attelle fonctionelle (Functional cast)
–Option 4: Ulnar Gutter Splinting
Operative treatment
• indications
– open fractures
– unacceptable angulation (see table)
– any malrotation
– multiple fractures
Finger Acceptable Shaft Angulation
(degrees)
Acceptable Shaft Shortening
(mm)
Index & Long Finger 10-20 2-5
Ring Finger 30 2-5
Little Finger 40 2-5
Techniques of Operation
• closed reduction percutaneous pinning
• open reductions with lag screw
– can use multiple lag screws for long spiral fractures
• try to get at least two lag screws
• open reduction with dorsal plating
– works best for transverse fractures
– try to cover plate with periosteum to prevent tendon irritation
– begin early motion to prevent tendon irritations
Metacarpals
Head Shaft
Transverse
open reduction
with dorsal plating
Oblique
open reductions
with lag screw
Multifragmentary
ORIF with plates
Base
Reference
• https://www2.aofoundation.org/wps/portal/
• Rockwood and Green’s Fractures in Adults , 8th
edition , 2015
Thank you for your attention

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Case conference Orthopedics I

  • 1. Case Discussion Jirawat Phongmuenwai 6th year medical student Department of Orthopedics
  • 2. Case Scenario • Case : ชายไทย 20 ปี ล้มเอามือกระแทกพื้น • PI : – 4 ชั่วโมงก่อนมาโรงพยาบาล ขณะกาลังจูงรถมอเตอร์ไซค์ มือของผู้ป่วยได้ลื่น จากแฮนด์ของมอเตอร์ไซต์ โดยที่ผู้ป่วยพยายามประคองรถไว้จน แฮนด์ทับ บริเวณมือด้านขวา หลังจากนั้น มีอาการบวมบริเวณมือด้านที่โดนทับดังกล่าว บวมมากขึ้น เจ็บ แต่ไม่มีอาการชาบริเวณด้านข้างของมือที่ประสบอุบัติเหตุ ดังกล่าว • PH : – ปฏิเสธประวัติดื่นสุรา ปฏิเสธประวัติโรคประจาตัว – ปฏิเสธประวัติแพ้ยา หรือแพ้อาหาร – บริเวณที่ล้มเป็นพื้นปูนสะอาด
  • 3. Physical examination • Ext : – Swelling , tender , ecchymosis at ulnar side of hand – Limit little finger opponens , flex , and extent due to pain – Stepping was palpated at site of injury – Wrist joint full ROM, Anatomical snuff box are not tender – Sensory at little finger intact – No external wound or bleeding • Others system are not remarkable .
  • 4.
  • 6. Film : Wrist Lateral
  • 7. Film : Hand A-P 32
  • 8. Film : Hand oblique 56
  • 9. After Immobilization by Ulnar gutter slab
  • 10. Diagnosis • Close fracture shaft of 5th metacarpal bone(Proximal part) of Right hand
  • 11. Management • Film – Wrist A-P , Lateral – Hand A-P , Oblique • Orthopedic management – Ulnar gutter slab with safe position – Allowed to return home and follow up. • Medication – Acetaminophen oral. – Tramadol oral.
  • 13. Treatment - Metacarpal Shaft Fractures • Nonoperative – Immobilization • indications – nondisplaced metacarpal neck fractures – acceptable angulation (see above table) – no malrotation – shortening (aesthetic problem only) • immobilize MCP joints in 70-90 degrees of flexion • Immobilization for 4 weeks Finger Acceptable Shaft Angulation (degrees) Acceptable Shaft Shortening (mm) Index & Long Finger 10-20 2-5 Ring Finger 30 2-5 Little Finger 40 2-5
  • 15. • Technique –Option 1: Immobilization with palmar splint –Option 2: Immobilization with a forearm cast and finger splint –Option 3: Attelle fonctionelle (Functional cast) –Option 4: Ulnar Gutter Splinting
  • 16. Operative treatment • indications – open fractures – unacceptable angulation (see table) – any malrotation – multiple fractures Finger Acceptable Shaft Angulation (degrees) Acceptable Shaft Shortening (mm) Index & Long Finger 10-20 2-5 Ring Finger 30 2-5 Little Finger 40 2-5
  • 17. Techniques of Operation • closed reduction percutaneous pinning • open reductions with lag screw – can use multiple lag screws for long spiral fractures • try to get at least two lag screws • open reduction with dorsal plating – works best for transverse fractures – try to cover plate with periosteum to prevent tendon irritation – begin early motion to prevent tendon irritations
  • 18. Metacarpals Head Shaft Transverse open reduction with dorsal plating Oblique open reductions with lag screw Multifragmentary ORIF with plates Base
  • 19. Reference • https://www2.aofoundation.org/wps/portal/ • Rockwood and Green’s Fractures in Adults , 8th edition , 2015
  • 20. Thank you for your attention