This
presentation is designed for Nursing students and it gives a brief
about what you should know while caring for a client with Cardiogenic
shock and also its prevention.
CARDIAC TAMPONADE ( Cardiac emergency) • Cardiac Tamponade is a life threatening complication caused by excessive accumulation of fluid in the pericardium. Or • Compression of all cardiac chambers due to excessive accumulation of pericardial fluid leading to compromised cardiac out put.
CARDIAC TAMPONADE ( Cardiac emergency) • Cardiac Tamponade is a life threatening complication caused by excessive accumulation of fluid in the pericardium. Or • Compression of all cardiac chambers due to excessive accumulation of pericardial fluid leading to compromised cardiac out put.
Rheumatic heart disease is a condition in which the heart valves have been permanently damaged by rheumatic fever. The heart valve damage may start shortly after untreated or under-treated streptococcal infection such as strep throat or scarlet fever.
Myocardial infarction (MI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow decreases or stops to a part of the heart, causing damage to the heart muscle. The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw.
Rheumatic heart disease is a condition in which the heart valves have been permanently damaged by rheumatic fever. The heart valve damage may start shortly after untreated or under-treated streptococcal infection such as strep throat or scarlet fever.
Myocardial infarction (MI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow decreases or stops to a part of the heart, causing damage to the heart muscle. The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw.
Angina also known as angina pectoris is a medical condition characterized by chest pain usually left sided due to inadequate blood supply (ischemia) to the heart muscles due to obstruction (like presence of blood clot), narrowing or contraction (vasospasm) of the supplying coronary arteries.
A condition in which the force of the blood against the artery walls is too high.
Usually hypertension is defined as blood pressure above 140/90, and is considered severe if the pressure is above 180/120.
Hypertension typically develops over the course of several years. Usually, you don’t notice any symptoms. But even without symptoms, high blood pressure can cause damage to your blood vessels and organs, especially the brain, heart, eyes, and kidneys.
Early detection is important. Regular blood pressure readings can help you and your doctor notice any changes. If your blood pressure is elevated, your doctor may have you check your blood pressure over a few weeks to see if the number stays elevated or falls back to normal levels.
Symptoms of severe hypertension can include: headache,
shortness of breath, nosebleeds, flushing, dizziness, chest pain. visual changes, blood in the urine. These symptoms require immediate medical attention. They don’t occur in everyone with hypertension, but waiting for a symptom of this condition to appear could be fatal.
Treatment for hypertension includes both prescription medication and healthy lifestyle changes. If the condition isn’t treated, it could lead to health issues, including heart attack and stroke.
Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a chronic progressive condition that affects the pumping power of your heart muscles. While often referred to simply as “heart failure,” CHF specifically refers to the stage in which fluid builds up around the heart and causes it to pump inefficiently. You have four heart chambers.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
3. Definition
What is Cardiogenic shock?
Cardiogenic shock is defined as heart’s
inability to contract and pump blood
efficiently due to inadequate supply of O2 &
nutrients to the heart.
Most often caused by severe heart attack.
Mortality rate is very high (50-75%), if not
treated immediately
4. Predisposing/Risk Factors
Older age
A history of heart attacks or heart failure
Coronary heart disease (CHD)- Affects all the
major blood vessels of heart
Hypertension
Diabetes
Obesity
Atherosclerosis
11. Correction of underlying cause:
→ Correction of the underlying cause is very
important as it may lead to:
- Fail of the compensatory mechanisms
- It can reduce the effectiveness of the
interventions
→ Correction of:
- Dysrhythmia
- Acidosis & electrolyte disturbances
12. Initiation of first line treatment:
→ Oxygenation- Nasal cannula @ 2-6 lpm
→ Hemodynamic Monitoring- BP
→ Fluid Therapy- RL, NS, Dextran
→ Pain Control- Morphine
16. Monitoring Hemodynamic Status:
Assess vitals regularly.
Maintain a patent arterial line, if any
Assess functioning of ECG monitor &
readings
17. Administering medications & IV fluids:
Monitor vitals before and after administering
medications & IV fluids.
Administer prescribed medications & fluids
accurately (Follow10 Rights)
Assess IV infusion site for bleeding or any
allergic response.
Monitor:
- Urine Output
- BUN Indicators of renal function
- Serum Creatinine
18. Preventing Complications:
Notify the physician promptly if:
- Hemodynamic, Cardiac or Pulmonary status
changes.
- Decline in ABG or Pulse Oximeter values
- Adventitious breath sounds heard
- Changes in cardiac rhythm
19. Limit myocardial oxygen demand by:
Administering analgesics, sedatives, and other agents
as prescribed.
Positioning the patient for comfort.
Limiting activities.
Providing calm and quiet environment
Offering support to reduce anxiety.
Teaching the patient about his condition.
Enhancing myocardial oxygen supply by:
Administering oxygen.
Monitoring the patient’s respiratory status.
Administering prescribed medications.
20. How can Cardiogenic shock be
prevented?
Adopt ‘Heart healthy lifestyle’
Take healthy diet
- Low in sodium & fat
Control hypertension and diabetes
Reduce obesity- Be physically active
Quit smoking
If lifestyle changes are not enough, Take all of
your medicines as prescribed.