Carbohydrates consist of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. They are classified by the number of carbons and include monosaccharides like glucose and fructose. Disaccharides are formed from two monosaccharides and include sucrose, maltose, and lactose. Starch is the major plant carbohydrate and is composed of amylose and amylopectin. Glycogen stores glucose in animal tissues. Sugar provides numerous functional properties in food including sensory properties like sweetness, physical properties like texture and solubility, and chemical properties like preservation and fermentation.
Introduction of carbohydrates, Classifications of carbohydrates, Optical isomerism / optical activity, Chemical reactions & qualitative tests, Biological importance of carbohydrates, Diseases related carbohydrates.
Introduction
Definition
Classification of polysaccharides
1- Homopolysaccharides
2-Heteropolysaccharides
What is heteropolysaccarides?
Type of heteropolysaccharides
Function of heteropolysaccharides
Conclusion
References
This ppt explains the structure of carbohydrates and its occurrence. It explains the linear chain structure, haworth projection, fischer projection and hemiacetal structure of carbohydrates.
Polysaccharide introduction, example, structure, starch, cellulose, chitin those structure and important functions and their presence in plants and animals, polysaccharide types based on functions and their composition , functions of polysaccharides , important images for relevant polysaccharides types, polysaccharide role in plants and animal cells. Starch - structure and functions, cellulose structure and functions, chitin - structure and functions
Introduction of carbohydrates, Classifications of carbohydrates, Optical isomerism / optical activity, Chemical reactions & qualitative tests, Biological importance of carbohydrates, Diseases related carbohydrates.
Introduction
Definition
Classification of polysaccharides
1- Homopolysaccharides
2-Heteropolysaccharides
What is heteropolysaccarides?
Type of heteropolysaccharides
Function of heteropolysaccharides
Conclusion
References
This ppt explains the structure of carbohydrates and its occurrence. It explains the linear chain structure, haworth projection, fischer projection and hemiacetal structure of carbohydrates.
Polysaccharide introduction, example, structure, starch, cellulose, chitin those structure and important functions and their presence in plants and animals, polysaccharide types based on functions and their composition , functions of polysaccharides , important images for relevant polysaccharides types, polysaccharide role in plants and animal cells. Starch - structure and functions, cellulose structure and functions, chitin - structure and functions
Food science: Sugar
How sugar works in baking/cooking the science behind the role of sugar and how it works in cooking/baking is discussed briefly in this presentation and how each characteristic contribute to the world of cooking.
Come studente di medicina, sono sempre statointeressato al campo delle cure palliative. L'idea di fornireconforto e supporto ai pazienti con malattiechelimitano la vita ha sempre risuonato con me. Pertanto, quandosi è trattato di scegliere un argomento per la miatesi di laurea, sapevo di voleresplorare il mondo delle cure palliative.
Le cure palliative sono un aspettoessenzialedell'assistenza sanitaria chesiconcentrasulmiglioramentodellaqualitàdella vita deipazientichesitrovanoadaffrontaremalattiegravi. Implica la gestione del dolore e di altrisintomi, oltre a soddisfareibisogniemotivi e spirituali. Le cure palliative fornisconoanchesupporto alle famiglie e aglioperatorisanitaridurantequellochepuòessere un momento difficile.
Attraverso la miaricerca, spero di ottenereunacomprensionepiùprofondadellesfideaffrontatedaglioperatorisanitarinelfornire cure palliative. Voglioancheesplorareimodi in cui possiamomigliorarel'accesso ai servizi di cure palliative per ipazientiche ne hannobisogno.
Materiali e metodi: Per la prima partedello studio (studio descrittivo) siutilizzerà il web, la lineaguida, il codicedeontologico ed eticosulle cure palliative. per la secondapartedello studio (studio quantitativo) utilizzeremo un questionariocomposto da 5 domande e bilingue.
Risultati: Su 500 persone, solo 65 hannoconoscenzesulle cure palliative, tuttepartedellescienzemediche. Il 9%, 45 persone, ha dichiarato di non essereinteressato a conoscerle, mentre il resto, l'89%, vorrebbesaperne di piùsulle cure palliative.
Parole chiave: Paziente, cure palliative, salute, conoscienza.
Il codicedeontologico ed etico per le cure palliative è un insieme di principicheguidanoglioperatorisanitarinelfornire cure di fine vita ai pazienti. Questocodicesottolineal'importanza di rispettarel'autonomia del paziente, promuovere la beneficenza ed evitaredanni. Sottolineainoltre la necessità di onestà, integrità e riservatezza in tutte le interazioni con ipazienti e le loro famiglie.
L'approcciodeontologico alle cure palliative siconcentrasull'adempimento del proprio dovere di fornire cure compassionevoli a colorochesoffrono. Ciòcomporta il trattamento di ognipaziente come un individuo con esigenze e preferenzeunichenel rispetto degli standard etici.
Nel complesso, l'adesione a questocodicegarantiscecheipazientiricevano cure di fine vita di altaqualitàrispettose, compassionevoli e in linea con i loro valori e convinzioni.
Food technology is a branch of food science that addresses the production, preservation, quality control and research and development of food products. Bakery at the Faculty of Food Technology, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies The food technology room at Marling School in Stroud,
Vietnam Mushroom Market Growth, Demand and Challenges of the Key Industry Pla...IMARC Group
The Vietnam mushroom market size is projected to exhibit a growth rate (CAGR) of 6.52% during 2024-2032.
More Info:- https://www.imarcgroup.com/vietnam-mushroom-market
Food Processing and Preservation Presentation.pptxdengejnr13
The presentation covers key areas on food processing and preservation highlighting the traditional methods and the current, modern methods applicable worldwide for both small and large scale.
Hotel management involves overseeing all aspects of a hotel's operations to ensure smooth functioning and exceptional guest experiences. This multifaceted role includes tasks such as managing staff, handling reservations, maintaining facilities, overseeing finances, and implementing marketing strategies to attract guests. Effective hotel management requires strong leadership, communication, organizational, and problem-solving skills to navigate the complexities of the hospitality industry and ensure guest satisfaction while maximizing profitability.
11. Many polysaccharides, unlike sugars, are insoluble in
water.
Dietary fiber includes polysaccharides and
oligosaccharides that are resistant to digestion and
absorption in the human small intestine but which are
completely or partially fermented by microorganisms
in the large intestine.
12. Starch is the major form of stored carbohydrate in
plants. Starch is composed of a mixture of two
substances: amylose, an essentially linear
polysaccharide, and amylopectin, a highly branched
polysaccharide.
Amylose
13. Amylopectin: Amylopectin differs from
amylose in being highly branched. Short side
chains of about 30 glucose units are attached
with 1α→6 linkages approximately every
twenty to thirty glucose units along the chain.
Amylopectin molecules may contain up to two
million glucose units.
14. Glucose is stored as glycogen in animal tissues by the
process of glycogenesis. When glucose cannot be
stored as glycogen or used immediately for energy, it
is converted to fat.
15.
16.
17. It is common for individuals to associate sugar (sucrose) with its
inherent taste properties.
Aside from providing a sweet taste and flavour, sugar imparts
numerous functional properties that make it an important ingredient
in many foods.
Specific functional properties of sugar can be classified into four
broad categories: sensory, physical, microbial and chemical
18. Taste - Sweetness is generally the most recognized functional property of
sugar.
Caramelization - is a browning reaction that results from the action of heat
on sugars. At high temperatures, the chemical changes associated with
melting sugars result in a deep brown colour and new flavours.
Flavour - Flavours result when tastes (sweet, sour, bitter, salty) are
combined with sense of smell when food is consumed.
Texture - Sugar makes an important contribution to the way we perceive
the texture of food. For example, adding sugar to ice-cream provides body
and texture which is perceived as smoothness.
19. Tenderizer - Sugar acts as an important tenderizing agent in
foods such as baked products. During the mixing process,
sugar compete with other ingredients for water.
Maillard Reaction - results from chemical interactions
between sugars and proteins at high heat. An amino group
from a protein combines with a reducing sugar to produce a
brown colour in a variety of foods (e.g. brewed coffee, fried
foods, milk & breads).
Appearance - Sugar is responsible for the yellow-brown
colours that develop in baked foods. Sucrose itself develops
colour through caramelization.
20. Solubility - Sugar is easily soluble in water. The ability to produce
solutions of varying sugar concentrations is important in many food
applications.
A high level of solubility, for example, is essential in beverages to provide
sweetness and to increase viscosity to create a desirable ‘mouthfeel'.
Freezing Point - Sugar is effective in lowering freezing points. Freezing
point depression is an important property in ice-creams, frozen desserts
and freeze-dried foods to ensure the development of fine crystal structure
and product smoothness.
Boiling Point - The concentration of sugar in a solution affects the boiling
point by raising it. This characteristic is important in candy manufacture as
boiling point elevation allows for more sugar to be dissolved in solution,
creating a ‘super saturated' and more concentrated solution.
21. Preservation - Sugar plays a role in the preservation of
many food products. The addition of sugar to jams and
jellies, for example, inhibits microbial growth and
subsequent spoilage.
Fermentation - Sugar is extremely important in the
baking and brewing industries. Yeasts use sugars as food
to produce ethanol, carbon dioxide and water through the
process of fermentation.
22. Antioxidant Activity - Sucrose has been reported to exhibit
antioxidant properties which help to prevent the deterioration of
textures and flavours in canned fruits and vegetables.
In addition, the products of the hydrolysis of sucrose (glucose and
fructose) appear to have the ability to block the reactive sites of ions
such as copper and iron and, to a lesser extent, cobalt. This
characteristic of monosaccharides aids in food preservation by
delay catalytic oxidation reactions.