since rumen is not functional in calves. when calves take excess of milk or milk replacers, they get abomasal bloat. ruminal bloat is rare in calves but only occur when there is excess intake of milk or milk replacers in newly developed rumen... HOPE,, this ppt will help

1. Calf bloat
Dr.Amandeep
L2013V40M
Department Of Veterinary Medicine
GADVASU

2. Abomasal Tympany
• RISK FACTORS
NO offering of water to calves
Poor milk hygiene/ intermittent feeding of large volumes of milk/cool
milk temperature
Dietary changes
Abomasal bezoar

3. Risk Factors
Organisms likeC.perfringens , Campylobacter, Sarcinia
Compromised immunity from inadequate colostrum
Ingestion of foreign bodies
Vitamin / mineral deficiency

4. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Large quantity of
milk replacerat
infrequent intervals
Proliferationof
lactobacilli, E.coli,
C.perfringens
Fermentation of
sugars produces CO2

5. Clinical Signs
• Colic
• Refusal to drink milk
• Restlessness & Depression
• Succusion of distended abdomen produces splashing & metallicsounds
• Passage of stomach tube fails to relieve distension
• Reduced fecal output & occasionally melena
• Metabolic alkalosisfollowed by metabolic acidosis

6. Treatment
• Prevent further suckling
• Don’t tube the calf
• Paracentesis- through right flank
• Right flank lapratomy

7. Treatment
• I/V fluids- correct dehydration electrolyte & metabolic derangement
• Earlierantibiotic Rx sometimes effective
• Addition of 0.1% formalin(37% formaldehyde) to milk replacer reduces
incidence

8. Recent Developments
• Length of tube to reach the stomach is typically length from mouth to last rib
on calf’s side
• After insertion, lift front end of calf up so that calf is sitting/standing in near
vertical plane
• Procaine penicillin (10 cc of 10,000 IU/ml solution) mixed in 2 cups of
mineral oil should be administered into the tube,

9. Recent Developments
• With a cup or two of warm water as a “chaser” to push the medication
out of the tube and into the stomach
• Subcutaneous administration of procaine penicillin (4 cc of 10,000 IU/ml
solution per 100 lbsofbodyweight, 1-2timesper day)
• Injection of 50-100 mg of intravenous or subcutaneous flunixin
meglumine

10. Continue....
• ScourGuard fromPfizer
• Scour Bos 9 fromNovartis
• TheseproductscontaintoxoidagainstC.perfringens&aredesignedtobe
giventopregnant cowprior tocalving

11. Management
• Monitor protein, energy, vitamin, and trace mineral
• Adequate colostral intake by newborn calves is must
• Monitor changes in the volume of milk ingested by a hungry calf

12. Management
• Prolonged interruption of suckling must be made time-efficient in order
to limit engorgement of the udder and subsequent ingestion by the
neonate of a larger than normal milk meal
• Sudden and severe changes in weather may cause dams and their
offspring to seek shelter or remain recumbent for prolonged periods of
time

13. Ruminal bloat

14. Risk factors
• Rumen putrefaction
• Obstruction of cardia or esophagus
• Vagal indigestion

15. Pathophysiology
Largequantitiesof milk byescaping
esophageal groove
Putrefactivedecomposition by proteolytic
bacteria
Aerobic populationconverts into
anaerobic

16. Clinical signs
• Diarrhoea
• Poor development
• Rough hair coat
• Recurrent bloat
• Complication of severe bronchopneumonia

17. Management
• Reduction in the volume of milk fed per feeding
• Feeding from nipple rather than bucket
• Introduce calfstarter to promote rumen development
• Course of oral antibiotics(500 mg oxytetracycline) o.d help in killing of
putrefactive gut flora
• Placemantof fistula( buff’s screw trocar)

18. Thanks 