3. TYMPANY / BLOAT
Bloat is an overdistention of the ruminoreticulum with the
gases of fermentation, either in the form of a persistent
foam mixed with the ruminal contents, called primary or
frothy bloat, or in the form of free gas separated from the
ingesta, called secondary or free-gas bloat.
It is predominantly a disorder of cattle but may also be seen
in sheep.
The susceptibility of individual cattle to bloat varies and is
genetically determined.
4. Cont…
Death rates as high as 20% are recorded in cattle grazing
bloat-prone pasture, and in pastoral areas, the annual
mortality rate from bloat in dairy cows may approach 1%.
There is also economic loss from depressed milk production
in nonfatal cases and from suboptimal use of bloat-prone
pastures.
Bloat can be a significant cause of mortality in feedlot cattle.
6. PRIMARY TYMPANY ETIOLOGY
Main cause is feed like leguminess feed, alfalfa,
grains, cloves
Soluble protein digestion cause foam production
and no proper chewing-no chewing so less saliva
production- no anti foaming agent because Saliva
has anti foaming agent - so gases are entraped in
foam- so no gas eliminating and cause bloat.
8. DIAGNOSIS
On basis of clinical sign and symptoms(abdominal
distension: the rumen is on the left side, and hence,
distention is typically most prominent on that side.
distention continues, the entire abdomen may
become distended.
reluctance to move and cessation of feeding
signs of distress: anxiety and vocalization
9. Cont…
Respiratory distress: rapid breathing,
neck extended with protruding tongue
Staggering and recumbancy: once a
animal with bloat is recumbant, death
occurs rapidly).
2.Percussion test: it is the striking of
organ to set the deeper parts into
vibration to producean audible sound.
If drum like sound is produced then it
is tympan.
13. TREATMENT
Depend upon type of tympany
Primary tympany treatment :
1. There is foam so use anti foaming agents like
mineral oil (liquid paraffin - 500-1000ml) or vegetable
oil
2. Mustard oil or linseed oil 1-1.5kg- cattle
3. Castor oil for calves( 50-100ml) mix with milk
14. SECONDARY TYMPANY TREATMENT
No anti foaming agent
Correctprimary cause
Trocharization ( trochar + canola)
Antihistamine is used to avoid lameness.
Sodium bicarbonate.
Nux vomica.
inj. Mediriol oral or
inj blotrayl
