This document discusses tympany and bloat in cattle. Tympany is the accumulation of free gases outside the rumen, while bloat is the accumulation of frothy gases within the rumen. Both conditions can become life-threatening if gases are not expelled. Bloat and tympany often develop when cattle are fed high amounts of concentrates like grains, which rapidly ferment in the rumen and trap gas bubbles. Clinical signs include abdominal distension, reluctance to move, and respiratory distress. Management aims to expel gases through medications or surgical procedures like trocarization or rumenotomy. Preventive measures include balanced diets and avoiding excessive concentrates.

1. Course code & title
VSO 616 clinical surgery

2. Tympany and bloat
Accumulation of excessive amount of gases that distended the rumen at
a dangerous level. It is a life threatening condition .

3. Cont…..
Tympany : accumulation of free gases. Generally terms as “ tympanites
“ cause outside the rumen.
Bloat : accumulation of frothy gases that make bubbles. Generally
terms as “bloat” , cause within the rumen.

4. Development of bloat/ tympany
• For fattening of cattle ,Farmers supply high amount of concentrate
like UMB, UMMB, rice husk, wheat bran, mustard oil cake, cereal
grain etc.
• These legumes/ grains rapidly digested in rumen & results high
concentration of fine particle that trap gas bubbles.
• Excessive fermentation produce excess VFA & lower pH.
• Lower pH helps to form large bubbles & increase surface tension.

5. Cont…….
• Free gas/ tympany occur then animal is unable to eructate free gas in
rumen results from physiological obstruction like choke, tumor or
abscess with traumatic –reticular motility.

6. Clinical signs
• Abdominal distension .
• Reluctance to move.
• Cessation of feeding.
• Sign of distress.
• Respiratory distress.
• Staggering and recumbancy.

7. Management
The aim of management is
• To expulsion of gas.
• To inhibit gas production.

8. Cont….
In normal case
• Carminative (e.g. tab. Carmina or surp. Carmina)
• Anti-foaming agent (e.g. liquid paraffin, linseed oil, soybean oil)
• Antizymotic (e.g. bol. Zymovet, stomavet powder)

9. Cont……..
In severe case
• Trocarization
• Rumenotomy

10. Cont……….
• Balance diet.
• Avoid too much concentrate.
• Avoid too much UMB & UMMB in fattening of animal.