The document provides information on the building services systems for a domestic building, including the water supply, electrical, and sewage/sanitary systems. It discusses the components and regulations for each system. The water supply section describes the water meter, storage tank, pipes and valves. The electrical section discusses the meter, distribution board, switches and outlets. The sewage section outlines the underground drainage system and regulations from IWK. The document provides details on each system to demonstrate understanding of applying basic building services.

1. PROJECT 2
BUILDING SERVICES DIARY
- ELECTRICAL SUPPLY SYSTEM
- WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM
- SEWAGE AND SANITARY SYSTEM
- RAINWATER/ SERFACE DRAINAGE SYSTEM
BUILDING SERVICES
BLD 60903/ ARC 2423
Prepared by:
Loong Bo Lin (0321469)
Tutor:
Ms. Sateerah

2. TABLE OF CONTENT
CONTENT
1. INTRODUCTION
2. INFO AND DATA
- HOT WATER AND COLD WATER SUPPLY
SYSTEM
- ELECTRICAL SUPPLY SYSTEM
- SEWAGE AND SANITARY SUPPLY SYSTEM
- RAINWATER/ SURFACE WATER
MANAGEMENT
3. DRAWINGS
4. CONCLUSION
5. REFERENCES
PAGES
1
2-10
11-15
16
17

3. INTRODUCTION
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INTRODUCTION OF PROJECT 2
Project 2 is an individual assignment on application of basic building services. This is an individual project to
apply building services systems to a domestic sized building. This exercise requires students to
demonstrate their understanding on the application by producing technical drawings incorporating the
necessary building services.
OBJECTIVES OF PROJECT
The objectives of this project are as follows:
1. To develop the students’ understanding and knowledge of building services systems in design and
construction.
2. To apply appropriate building services system and solution for a specific design.
3. To demonstrate a comprehensive understanding of applicability of specific building services
systems in the design in response to practical considerations.
4. To develop students’ ability to resolve issues related to specific building services systems.
LERNING OUTCOME OF THIS PROJECT
Upon completion of this assignment, students will be able to:
1. Identify relevant information related to water and electrical supply, liquid waste disposal, sanitary
and rainwater management system.
2. Describe the planning of building services within the design and construction peripheries.
3. Propose the more/most suitable systems for a specific type of building

4. HOT WATER AND COLD WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM
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INTRODUCTION
A water supply system typically includes:
- A drainage basin
- Water purification facilities
- Water storage facilities
- Additional water pressurizing components
- A pipe network for distribution of water to the consumers and other usage points
- Connections to the sewers
Syarikat Bekalan Air Selangor Sdn Bhd (SYABAS) was incorporated under the Malaysian Companies Act,
1965 to undertake the privatisation of water supply services in the State of Selangor and the Federal
Territories of Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya (‘the Privatisation’).
RULES, REGULATIONS AND BY-LAWS
1. UNIFORM BUILDING BY-LAW (UBBL) CLAUSE 84 – DAMPNESS
Suitable measures shall be taken to prevent the penetration of dampness and moisture into the
building.
2. UNIFORM BUILDING BY-LAW (UBBL) CLAUSE 89 – CHASE
A chase made in a wall for pipes and other service facilities shall leave the wall at the back of the
chase not less than 100 millimeters thick in external walls and not less than 100 millimeters thick in
a party wall and shall be not wider than 200 millimeters.
3. UNIFORM BUILDING BY-LAW (UBBL) CLAUSE 123 – PIPES & SERVICES DUCTS
Where ducts or enclosures are provided in any building to accommodate pipes, cables or conducts
the dimensions of such ducts or enclosures shall be -
(a) adequate for the accommodation of the pipes, cables or conduits and for crossings of branches
and mains together with support fixings; and
(b) sufficiently large to permit access to cleaning eyes, stop cocks and other controls there are able
to repairs, extensions and modifications to be made to each or all the services accommodated.
UPVC class D pipes are used for communication, service and distribution pipe. It is more durable
and cost effective compared to other materials. Stainless steel and copper are used for the stop
valves to withstand impact, abrasion and heat. Copper pipes are used to channel the hot water in
the system.

5. HOT WATER AND COLD WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM
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4. SYARIKAT BERKALAN AIR (SYABAS)
It is responsible to regulate the services for the existing water supply system.
5. REASONINGS
- Water tanks are placed on top of the building (roof), allowing water to flow through gravity.
- UPVC pipes are commonly used as communication and distribution pipes in a building, due to
its effectiveness and durability as well as its low-cost.

6. HOT WATER AND COLD WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM
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WATER METER
Used to measure the volume of water
used by residential and commercial
building that are supplied with water by
public water.
STOP VALVE
Stop valve are located at multiple fittings
for easy maintenance and repairs. It
controls the flow of water through pipes.
GATE VALVE
Permit or prevent the flow of water
which saves energy and reduces total
cost of ownership.
WATER HEATER
It is used for water heating which is a
thermodynamic process that uses an
energy source to heat water above its
initial temperature.
WATER TANK
High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) tank
helps to overcome persistent corrosion
problems and specifically for storing
water before the distribution to other
appliances.
COPPER TUBBING
Used for supply of hot and cold tap water,
and as a refrigerant line in HVAC system.
UPVC PIPES
Used in non-pressure piping system for
soil and waste, often used for sewage
lines and exterior drainage pipes.
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STAINLESS STEEL PIPES
Stainless steel pipe and tubes have
good to excellent corrosion resistance
and smooth finishing characteristics.

7. ELECTRICAL SUPPLY SYSTEM
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INTRODUCTION
Electricity can be generated through various means:
- Oil, Gas, Coal Fired Power Plant
- Nuclear Power Plant
- Wind Turbine Power Plant
- Hydroelectric Power Plant
- Solar Power Plant
In Malaysia, the sole provider for electricity supply is TNB (Tenaga Nasional Berhad) which mainly uses coal,
oil and gas to generate the electrical power. There are power plants which are also generated by
hydropower (water) and biomass
RULES, REGULATIONS AND BY-LAWS
1. ELECTRICITY REGULATIONS 1994
(a) REGULATION 15 – APPARATUS, CONDUCTOR, ACCESSORIES, ETC
Any conductor or apparatus that is exposed to weather, corrosion under heating or used in
inflammation surroundings or in an explosive atmosphere shall be conducted or protected in
such a manner as to prevent danger.
(b) REGULATION 16 – SWITCH, SWITCH FUSE, FUSE SWITCH, CIRCUIT BREAKER, CONTTRACTOR,
FUSE, ETC
Any fuse or circuit breaker shall be constructed and arrange such as manner as to break the
current when it exceeds a given value of sufficient time to prevent danger and constructed,
guarded or placed in such as manner as to prevent danger of overheating or from the scattering
or not metal and other substance.
2. TENAGA NASIONAL BERHAD (TNB)
If there are any irregularities or signs of meter tampering, legal actions can be taken as provided
under the Electricity Supply Act 1990.
3. REASONING
- To ensure the safety of the building as well as the occupants.
- Appliances with higher voltages may be used safely.

8. ELECTRICAL SUPPLY SYSTEM
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ELECTRICAL METER
Electrical meter is installed and
monitored by TNB. It is mounted where
the electricity enters your house, mostly
installed at the gate pillar or places that
are visible for TNB to monitor.
DISTRIBUTION BOARD
Distribution board is installed inside of
the building. Components of electricity
supply system which divides electrical
power leaf into subsidiary circuits.
AIR CONDITIONER
Easily convert from a gas to a liquid and
back again. This chemical is used to
transfer heat from the air inside of a
building to the outside air.
AIR CONDITIONER OUTDOOR
UNIT
To release that heat produce by the
indoor air conditioner unit to the air
outside.
EMERGENCY CEILING LIGHT
Battery-backed lighting device that
switches on automatically when a
building experiences a power outage.
SINGLE SWITCHED SOCKET
A socket outlet is the familiar item mounted
on the wall into which a plug can be
inserted. A single socket outlet is rated 13
amps.
TWO GANG LIGHT SWITCH
Contains final distribution points of the
electrical system. It serves various
appliances such as lighting, fan etc.
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ONE GANG LIGHT SWITCH
Controls a single light or lighting circuit.
It contains final distribution points of the
electrical system. It serves various
appliances such as lighting, fan etc.

9. SEWAGE AND SANITARY SYSTEM
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INTRODUCTION
Waste water from your appliances either flows to the main soil stack, and from there directly into the
underground drain, or it can flow into a trapped gully. Linked to the underground drain, this is fitted with a
metal or plastic grid to stop leaves and other debris from falling into the trap and blocking it. The drain
itself might run to the main sewer or, in rural areas, to a cess pit or septic tank buried in your garden.
IWK (Indah Water Konsortium) is mainly responsible for operating and maintaining the public sewage
treatment plants and network of underground sewage pipelines.
RULES, REGULATIONS AND BY-LAW
1. LAW OF MALAYSIA ACT 133 – STREET, DRAINAGE AND BUILDING ACT OF 1974
(a) UNDER THE LAWS OF MALAYSIA ACT 133
No water pipe, stack pipe or downspout used for conveying surface water from any premises
shall be used or be permitted to serve or to act as ventilating shaft to any drain or sewer.
(b) COMPLIANCE OF BUILDING LAW OF MALAYSIA
The installation and design of the sanitary place is safe, so that the disposal of the waste can be
directed out of the premises safely, without threatening the health of the occupants.
(c) VENT STACK OPENNING MUST BE AT 900MM ABOVE THE ROOF to avoid stain and ease
expulsion
2. INDAH WATER KONSORTEUM
It’s responsible to regulate the services for the existing sewage system.
3. SEWAGE SERVICES ACT 508
An Act to amend and consolidate the laws relating to sewage systems and sewage services
throughout Malaysia for the purpose of improving sanitation and the environment and promoting
public health; and to provide for matters connected there with and incidental thereto.
4. REASONING
- Specific pipes that differentiate their functions such as waste pipe, soil pipe and ventilating
shafts is used to ensure the efficiency and sanitary of the building.

10. SEWAGE AND SANITARY SYSTEM
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MANHOLE
Manhole is the top opening to an
underground utility vault used to building
an access point for making connections,
inspection, valve adjustments or
performing maintenance underground.
VENT COWL
Ventilation cowl for protection against
seawater spray and rain. Both for supply
and exhaust the smell from spreading
into the building. Cowls to be turned
upwards for easy maintenance and
inspection.
FLOOR TRAP
Creates a seat that prevents sewer gas
from passing from the drain pipes into
the occupied space of the building.
S TRAP
To prevent sewer gases from entering
the building.
WASTE PIPE
Vertical drain pipe allowing free flow of
water and sewage down drain by
gravity.
SOIL PIPE
A pipe that conveys sewage or
waste water from toilet, etc, to a soil
drain or sewer.
GULLY TRAP
Gully trap is constructed outside of the
building to carry waste water to discharge
from wash basin, sinks, bathroom, etc.

11. RAINWATER AND DRAINAGE SYSTEM
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INTRODUCTION
Rainwater drainage systems in buildings are designed to collect rainwater and then direct it to the public
network. It consists of a network of collectors, accessories and final discharge devices.
Rainwater from gutters should be drained separately - as heavy, prolonged downpour could overwhelm
the system. Downpipes can discharge over the grid of an open gully or be connected directly to an
underground drain pipe. From there, the water might run into a storm drain beneath the road or be piped
to a soak away somewhere in your garden, from where it gradually percolates back into the soil.
RULES, REGULATIONS AND BY-LAWS
1. LAW OF MALAYSIA ACT 133 – STREET, DRAINAGE AND BUILDING ACT OF 1974
(a) SECTION 56 – RAINWATER PIPES NOT TO BE USED AS SOIL PIPES
No pipe used for the carrying off of rainwater from any roof shall be used for the purpose of
carrying off the soil or drainage from any privy or water-closet or any sullage water.
(b) SECTION 57 – WATER PIPES, ETC NOT TO BE USED AS VENTILATION SHAFTS
No water pipe, stack pipe or down spout used for conveying surface water from any premises
shall be used or be permitted to serve or to act as a ventilating shaft to any drain or sewer.
(c) SECTION 61 – VENTILATING PIPES TO SEWERS
The local authority may erect or fix to any building such pipes as are necessary for the proper
ventilation of the drains and sewers belonging to it.
2. UNIFORM BUILDING BY-LAW (UBBL) CLAUSE 115 – ROOF COVERINGS AND DRAINAGE
All roofs of buildings shall be so constructed as to drain effectually to suitable and sufficient
channels, gutters, chutes or troughs which shall be provided in accordance with the requirements
of these By-Laws for receiving and conveying all water which may fall on and from the roof.
3. REASONING
- UPVC is used for vent pipes, waste pipes and soil pipes because it is more durable and more
cost-efficient than other materials.

12. RAINWATER AND DRAINAGE SYSTEM
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SUMP
Sump is a low space that collects any
often-undesirable liquid such as water or
chemicals. It can also be an infiltration
basin used to manage surface runoff
water and recharge underground
aquifers.
RAINWATER DOWNPIPE
It is an often overlooked element of
functioning gutter system. It carries soil
waste from the sanitary units.
GUTTER
A shallow through fixed beneath the
edge of a roof for carrying all rainwater.
A shallow through fixed beneath the
edge of a roof for carrying all rainwater.
A shallow through fixed beneath the
edge of a roof for carrying all rainwater.
PERIMETER DRAIN
Installed around septic absorption fields
to help drain wet soils.

13. CONCLUSION
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As an individual assignment, we are required to use our Design Studio final project for this
assignment. The purpose of this project is to develop our knowledge of building services and its systems in
design and construction. We will demonstrate their understanding of building services by providing the
most appropriate systems for the building, which include electrical supply system, hot water and cold
water supply system, sewage and sanitary system, rainwater/ surface water drainage system. These
systems form part the plans for Building Plan Approval to Local Authorities. Hence, it is essential for an
architect to understand the systems well. The drawings must be reproduced into a computer aided
drawing with annotations which describe the planning and installation of all building services required. We
also need to include specific clauses from the Uniform Building By-Law (UBBL) for this assignment.
Through this assignment, I had mastered the ability of demonstrating a comprehensive
understanding of applicability of specific building services systems in response to practical considerations
which include electrical supply system, hot water and cold water supply system, sewage and sanitary
system, rainwater/ surface water drainage system. In addition, I had referenced the UBBL on where and
how to install these services that makes any building liveable today.

14. REFERENCES
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1. International Law Book Services (1984). Uniform building by-Laws 1984, Kuala Lumpur,
International Law Book Services
2. Street, Drainage and Building Act, 1874 (Act 133); As of 15th
March 1992. (1992). Kuala Lumpur,
International Law Book Services
3. Garrett, R. (2000). Hot and cold water supply (2nd
ed.) Marden, MA: Brankwell Science.
4. Chudley, R. (1998). Building finishes, fitting and domestic services. Longman Scientific & Technical
5. Stein, B., Reynolds, J.S., & McGuinness, W.J. (1986). Mechanical and electrical equipment for
buildings. New York: Weily.
6. Hall, Frederick E. 1997. Building Services and Equipment. Volume 2. 2nd Edition