The document discusses Kay-Tex ePTFE membranes used for filtration. Key points: - Kay-Tex membranes provide high filtration efficiency, superior dust release, and improved airflow at lower energy usage when bonded to filter media like felts and woven fabrics. - The ePTFE membrane is made of expanded PTFE which has fine pores that allow air passage but not particle penetration. It helps improve dust release during filtration. - Kay-Tex membranes can be laminated to various substrates like needlefelts, woven fiberglass, and other materials to create innovative membrane laminates for filtration applications in various industries.

1. 1
BSK Global
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2. Providing environmental solutions to
industry since 1928, in Einbeck - Germany
Needlefelt production
Treatments
ePTFE Membrane lamination
Filter bag stitching
Filter cage production
Project Management, Selection
of Filter Media
Maintenance, Exchange of
Filter Bags
Laboratory Tests,
Investigations
Filterbag Testing
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3. KAY-TEX® is an expanded microporous PTFE-membrane that is bonded to the
surface of conventional filtermedia, including felts and woven fabrics.
This membrane provides high filtration efficiencies (99.99+ %), superior dustcake
release and improved airflow at lower energy consumption levels.
KAY-TEX® ePTFE-Membrane
provides:
Higher airflow
Near Zero emissions
Superior clean-down
Longer bag life
Lower differential pressure
KAY-TEX® – MEMBRANE PRODUCTS
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4. ▪ Mikroporous Membrane is made out of expanded
Polytetrafluorethylene (ePTFE)
▪ stable to chemical attacks
▪ water-repellent
▪ fibre distance is that big to allow air passage, but not
that big for particles
▪ extremely fine pored and smooth filtration surface
▪ helps to have a better dedusting during the
filtration process
▪ Free of PFOA (Perfluorooctanoic acid)
▪ Pore size ≤ 1µm
Mikroporous ePTFE-Membrane
& characteristics
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5. 1.PTFE powder blended with extrusion aid (lubricant)
2.Powder and lubricant pre-formed into cylinder shape
3.Preform extruded through a die into tape
4.Tape calendared to desired thickness
5.Lubricant removed through drying
6.Tape stretched to desired width to create
membrane
Production of ePTFE-
Membrane
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6. Dedicated for these substrates:
▪ Needlefelts
▪ Woven fiberglass
ePTFE Membrane thermal laminated at
▪ Polypropylen (PP)
▪ Polyester (PES)
▪ Meta Aramid (MAR)
▪ Polyacrynitril (PAN)
▪ Polyphenylensulfid (PPS)
▪ Polyimid P84 (PI)
▪ Polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE)
▪ Fiberglass (GL)
KAY-TEX® – INNOVATIVE
MEMBRANE LAMINATES
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7. Dr. Roy J. Plunkett & team at his laboratory
at DuPont, where he discovered Teflon in
1938
Polytetraflurethylene (PTFE) is a fluoroplastic
PTFE is used nowadays at different products, due to its unique characteristics:
• Medical technology (e.g. Stents / Bypass / Implants)
• Sealing material for the aerospace as well as for the chemical and pharmaceutical industry
• Textile industry (breathable – water and draftproof clothes / shoes etc.)
• expanded PTFE-film (ePTFE) – used at filtration
PTFE discovered by DuPont in 1938
Development of ePTFE Membrane by Gore in 1969
Expanded PTFE (ePTFE) is a special processed type of
Polytetrafluoroethylene by the guidance of the molecule fibres
The ePTFE membrane consists of very thin expanded layers. This
membrane has such fine pores that are still big enough to let water steam
penetrate, but not water in liquid form
Tetratec starts production of ePTFE Membrane in 1981. Donaldson aquired
Tetratec in 1994
BHA Technologies starts producing its own ePTFE Membrane in 1994
KAYSER aquired the technology of BHA in 2010
PTFE characteristic
& diversity
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8. 2,54 cm:
25.400 µm
Human hair:
40-120 µm
Ballpoint pen tip:
500-1.200 µm
KAY-TEX® – ePTFE Membrane
Size comparison
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Magnification:2000x

9. KAY-TEX® – quality
determining criterias
Established & proven
ePTFE Membrane Types
Firstclass Substrates
Needlefelts
Woven Fiberglass
controlled Lamination
process
Cleanliness
Temperature
Pressure
Speed 9

10. Conventional filtermedia vs.
membrane laminates
Conventional filtration:
Dust particles penetrating thru
the filtermedia
Staubpartikel…
Membrane filtration:
Dust particles are collected on
the membrane surface
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11. KAYSER offers with its own production line the full portfolio of
membrane products.
The Kayser ePTFE-Membrane can be laminated to following
substrates:
• Polypropylen (PP)
• Polyester (PES)
• Meta Aramid (MAR)
• Polyacrynitril (PAN)
• Polyphenylensulfid (PPS)
• Polyimid P84 (PI)
• Polytretrafluorethylen (PTFE)
• Fiberglass (GL)
KAYSER offers ePTFE-Laminates, which are well-established
and proven technology at high quality standards (BHA).
KAY-TEX® Product series
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12. Traditional Industries
Cement
Asphalt
Steel
Foundry
Minerals
Mining
Aluminium
Incineration
Energy
Gypsum
Glass
Waste combustion
Lime
Carbon black
ferro-silicon
Indust. Boiler
Battery/Lead
Sec. Smelting
Process Industries
Chemistry
Plastics
Food
Pharmacy
Tire / Rubber
TiO2
Fiberglass
Paint
Wood / Paper
Grain
KAY-TEX® - area of
applications
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13. KAY-TEX® - Reference
Woven fiberglass with ePTFE
Membrane
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14. KAY-TEX® - Reference
PTFE Needlefelt with ePTFE Membrane
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15. KAY-TEX® OFFERS:
Increased airflow at lower energy consumption
KAY-TEX® prevents penetration of fine particulate without restricting airflow
Lower pressure drop
The non-stick properties of KAY-TEX® make
filters easier to clean, allowing a lower
pressure drop to be consistently maintained
Lower outlet emissions
with KAY-TEX® emissions are reduced
to nearly ZERO
Longer filter bag life
KAY-TEX® filters can extend the life of your filters dramatically.
KAY-TEX® - Advantages
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16. 16
Homogeneous and consistent fabric
structure
PTFE-Finish takes place in a special
method under high temperature and until
the deep of the fabric after an efficient
desizing of the woven fibre glass (oven
process used to clean the fabric prior to the
finishing step).
PTFE-Impregnation is predominant on the
surface
• only little limitation for the laminating process
Removal of textile size / facing from the
production of the glass yarns does not or
only insufficient take place
• Impregnation more or less on the surface
• PTFE-Finish realized under lower
temperatures
Asian Substrate KAY-TEX® Substrate
KAY-TEX® Substrate vs. Asian
Substrate

17. High Magnification
17
KAY-TEX® Substrate vs. Asian
Substrate
Asian Substrate KAY-TEX® Substrate

18. High Magnification
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KAY-TEX® Substrate vs. Asian
Substrate
Asian Substrate KAY-TEX® Substrate

19. KAYSER woven fibre glass produced with
texturised weft yarns / homogeneous
Caramelization process and PTFE-Finish
ensure:
• Maximum mechanical durability
• Very good lamination results
KAY-TEX® Substrate vs. Asian Substrate
MIT Flex-Test results
MIT Flex Test – Results
For
Fiberglass - Substrate (750 g/m²)
Specification KAY-TEX Asian
Weight g/m² 770 g/m² 780 g/m²
Thickness mm 1,0 mm 1,0 mm
LOI % > 10% >10%
MIT Flex Test results
(Cycles to failure) Warp 100.000 70.000
(Cycles to failure) Weft 20.000 15.000
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20. Membrane damages at bonding
points
Membrane damages and
delamination
SEM-images of an asian PTFE-Membrane
Fiberglass material
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21. Membrane damages Membrane damages, broken fibers
High Air Perm Test Results
• Fiber diameter is 10 microns Fiber grade is G-Glass
(lower cost, less flex resistance)
• Industry standard is the high quality DE-filament (6
microns, higher flex resistance)
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SEM-images of an asian PTFE-Membrane
Fiberglass material

22. Example of a less homogeneous
PTFE-finish with possible future consequences
PTFE Finish non-homogeneous PTFE Membrane will be damaged thru Glass fibres after wear
(Flextest)
Influencing factors at the
Woven Glass-Laminate
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23. Example of an homogeneous and perfect
PTFE-Finish of a woven fiberglass
PTFE Finish homogeneous
PTFE Membrane with a good bonding and an homogeneous
structure
Standard
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Influencing factors at the
Woven Glass-Laminate

24. Pore structure (Asian) Pore structure (KAY-TEX®)
KAY-TEX laminateAsian laminate
SEM-comparison of
Membrane structures
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25. Asian PTFE Needlefelt
with Membrane
The physical characteristics of the laminate comply with the
specification, but the membrane structure and the lamination
indicate „Overbonding“
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26. KAY-TEX® PTFE Needlefelt
with an ePTFE Membrane
Excellent controlled and homogeneous bonding of the membrane,
Well-preserved Membrane structure for high filterperformance
Standard 26

27. The correct manufacturing
of Membrane filter bags
Consider some characteristics during construction and manufacturing
of membrane filter bags:
Tight bag-to-cage fit
Pinch at needlefelt: 6-10mm
Pinch at woven glass: 0-5mm
Adjustment of cutting preferably
with a sample filter cage
Longitudinal wire distance max. 30mm at
needlefelt and 25mm at woven glass
Increased care at seams needed
Welded longitudinal seam preferred (if possible)
if applicable additional seam sealing
GMP-special designs are possible,
to prohibit product contact with fibres
respectively to minimize bonds
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28. Turned filter bag Reinforcement with
bottom seam
protection
Seam sealing with
PTFE-tape at top
area
Seam sealing with PTFE-
tape and Siliconinlay at
bottom area
GMP-seam at Needlefelt
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The correct construction of
Membrane filter bags

29. Installation of membrane filter
bags without installation
sleeves causes membrane
damages
Improper installation of the
snapring leakage
consequences
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The correct installation of
Membrane filter bags

30. KAYSER belongs to the 5 leading producers of textile
filtermedia in Europe
KAYSER has appropriate experiences and is the only producer
worldwide, who
produces needlefelts
Laminates with an ePTFE-Membrane
stitches filter bags
manufactures filter cages
provides engineering services
YOUR FILTRATION PARTNER,
SINCE 1928