Botany projbgect
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This document summarizes information about angiosperms. It notes that angiosperms are flowering plants that retain leaves year-round, usually grow to 75 cm tall, and bloom in early summer. Reproduction occurs within the flower through pollination and fertilization, which leads to the development of seeds inside protective structures. Angiosperms are an important source of food, medicine, wood, and shelter for animals. They also have a taproot system or adventitious roots.
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The document provides an overview of plant structures, functions, classifications, and life cycles. It discusses how plants are divided into underground roots and aerial shoots, and how different plant parts perform essential functions. Terrestrial plants are classified as bryophytes or tracheophytes, with tracheophytes having fully adapted to land through vascular systems. The life cycle involves alternating between haploid and diploid stages, and plants reproduce both sexually through fertilization and asexually via vegetative propagation.
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Peanuts, also known as groundnuts, are an annual herbaceous plant belonging to the legume family. Native to South America, peanuts were first domesticated in the valleys of Paraguay. They have yellow pea-like flowers that develop underground into legume pods containing 1 to 4 seeds each. After pollination, the flower stalk elongates so the ovary touches the ground, where the pod matures, making peanuts a unique example of geocarpy. Peanuts are an important oilseed crop in India.
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What are angiosperms
Angiosperms. The Flowering Plants. Anthophyta. Spermatophytes. Seed Bearing Plants. Introduction to angiosperms. Classification of Angiosperms. Evolution of Angiosperms. Importance of angiosperms. Medicinal plants of the gruoup. Apple, peach, cherry, pomegranate, pear, strawberrh, mulberry, pinapple, almonds, walnut, fig, nutritional value of angiosperms, commercial uses, free, prepared, slides, documents, best, latest, documents, vascular, bundles, xylem, phloem,
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This document summarizes key points about plants from Chapter 3, including:
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2) There are four major plant groups: non-vascular plants, seedless vascular plants, gymnosperms, and angiosperms.
3) Plants generally alternate between a sporophyte generation with 2n chromosomes and a gametophyte with n chromosomes.
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Vegetative reproduction is a form of asexual reproduction in plants where new individuals are formed from vegetative organs like roots, stems, and leaves. There are two types of vegetative reproduction - natural, which occurs through modified roots, stems, and leaves; and artificial, where humans interfere to propagate plants through methods like layering, grafting, and tissue culture. Vegetative reproduction allows for the large scale, rapid production of identical new plants that inherit the parent's characteristics.
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This document summarizes key points about plants from Chapter 3, including:
1) Plants are important for ecosystem services, fuels/fibers, and other uses. They evolved from green algae in water and later colonized land.
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Angiosperms the primary food source for animals and provides oxygen for us to...
Angiosperms are flowering plants that produce seeds enclosed in fruits. They include agricultural crops, garden flowers, trees, shrubs, and weeds. Angiosperms are vitally important as they are the primary food source for humans and animals, providing about 80% of the world's food. They also produce oxygen, lumber, fibers, perfumes, spices, and are the basis for many drugs. Due to their importance as a food source and in producing oxygen, angiosperms are essential for survival of humans and the ecosystem.
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The document discusses the three main parts of a seed - the seed coat, stored food, and baby plant. It then describes the four main parts of a plant - roots, stem, leaves, and flower. The roots take in water and minerals from the soil. The stem carries water and helps the plant grow tall. The leaves make food for the plant using sunlight, water, and air. The flower makes seeds to form new plants.
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a ppt on polination and seed dispersal
1) Plants rely on animals for pollination and seed dispersal. Most plants (about 90%) use animals like insects, birds, and other animals to transfer pollen between flowers and disperse seeds.
2) Seed dispersal is important for plants to prevent overcrowding and allow for new plant colonies to form. Seeds are dispersed through fruits that enable transport by various vectors.
3) Many plants have evolved traits like colorful flowers, scents, and patterns to attract specific pollinators like bees, hummingbirds, and bats to transfer pollen between flowers. This benefits both the plants and the pollinator animals.
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This document summarizes key information about plant structures and classifications. It begins by identifying the four main characteristics shared by all plants: they perform photosynthesis, have a cuticle layer, cell walls, and alternation of generations. It then describes the four major groups of plants as nonvascular plants, vascular plants, seed plants, and flowering plants. The document provides examples and explains the structures, functions, and importance of roots, stems, leaves, and flowers. It also distinguishes between gymnosperms and angiosperms.
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Unit 3-plants-converted
This document provides information about plants, including their parts, how they are classified, their nutrition process of photosynthesis, the parts of a flower, and how flowering plants reproduce. It explains that plants are classified based on their stems as woody, herbaceous, flowering or non-flowering. Photosynthesis is defined as the process where plants use water, minerals, air and sunlight to produce their own food, transforming carbon dioxide and sunlight into sugar. The main parts of a flower are identified as the corolla, calyx, stamens and pistil. Flowering plants reproduce through seeds, with the process involving pollination, fertilization, fruit protection of seeds, and germination of new plants from seeds.
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Angiosperms the primary food source for animals and provides oxygen for us to...
Angiosperms are flowering plants that produce seeds enclosed in fruits. They include agricultural crops, garden flowers, trees, shrubs, and weeds. Angiosperms are vitally important as they are the primary food source for humans and animals, providing about 80% of the world's food. They also produce oxygen, lumber, fibers, perfumes, spices, and are the basis for many drugs. Due to their importance as a food source and in producing oxygen, angiosperms are essential for survival of humans and the ecosystem.
Difference between flowering & Non Flowering Plants
The main difference between flowering and nonflowering plants is their method of reproduction. Flowering plants rely on pollination to produce seeds inside fruits, while nonflowering plants reproduce through spores or naked seeds not enclosed in fruits. There are three major types of nonflowering plants: gymnosperms like conifers which produce naked seeds but no flowers or fruits; mosses which reproduce via spores rather than seeds; and ferns which also reproduce using spores instead of seeds.
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This document provides an overview of the plant kingdom, including characteristics, groups, and examples. It discusses the key differences between nonvascular and vascular plants like liverworts, mosses, hornworts, ferns, and gymnosperms. It also covers the angiosperms in depth, describing their classification based on lifespan, stems, leaves, cotyledons, and importance as a food and medical source. The document aims to review the reader's knowledge of plant cells and structures while highlighting important plant types, structures, and uses.
Plants powerpoint
Here are the key parts of a seed:
- Seed coat: A protective outer covering that protects the embryo and stores food. Seed coats come in many colors, textures, and thicknesses depending on the plant.
- Embryo: The tiny new plant inside the seed. It contains a miniature stem, leaves, and sometimes a root tip.
- Cotyledons: The first pair of leaves inside the embryo. Cotyledons contain stored food for the embryo to use as it begins to grow into a seedling.
- Endosperm: A tissue inside some seeds that contains food reserves like carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. The endosperm provides nourishment for the embryo as
Seed, Seed Types and Seed Quality
Seed quality is determined by physical, physiological, genetic, and storability attributes. Physiological attributes include germination percentage and vigor. Genetic attributes ensure the seed is the correct variety and adapted to local conditions. Seed can be classified as breeder's, pre-basic, basic, or certified based on generation and quality controls. Germination occurs through epigeal or hypogeal modes and requires water, air, temperature, and sometimes light.
Vegetative reproduction on plants
This document discusses different methods of vegetative reproduction in plants. It describes bulbs, which are underground storage organs that can grow into new plants. Tubers are also storage organs and can be stem or root tubers; stem tubers have "eyes" that develop into plants while root tubers produce only one new plant. Runners, or stolons, are above-ground stems that develop roots to form new plants. Rhizomes are underground stems that similarly develop into new plants, such as in ginger plants.
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This document provides an overview of the key structures and functions of plants. It discusses the main tissue systems - dermal, vascular and ground tissues - that make up plant bodies and allow them to transport water and nutrients. Roots are described as having important functions of nutrient/water uptake and transport. Stems are discussed as providing structure, support and a transport system between roots and leaves. Leaves are highlighted as the main photosynthetic organs. The document also covers plant diversity and types of plant reproduction including seeds and their protective structures.
Practical Botany
This document provides information about plant structure and growth processes. It discusses the main plant parts including roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits. It explains how plants transport water and nutrients as well as photosynthesis. The document also covers plant reproduction, classification, growth stages from germination to senescence, and how plant growth is regulated by hormones and environmental triggers.
Asexual reproduction of plants
1. Asexual reproduction allows plants to clone themselves without combining gametes. Offspring are identical to the parent plant.
2. Natural vegetative propagation occurs without human intervention through structures like bulbs, rhizomes, stolons, tubers, and corms that allow new plants to grow.
3. Artificial vegetative propagation is done by humans, such as through cuttings, layering, grafting, tissue culture, and marcotting to propagate plants faster or for experimental purposes.
Asexual reproduction in plants
This document discusses asexual reproduction in plants, which is the formation of new individuals from a single parent's cells and does not allow for genetic variation. It describes several methods of asexual reproduction including vegetative reproduction through bulbs, underground stems, runners, and leaves. It also discusses artificial propagation techniques like stem cuttings, grafting, layering, and plant tissue culture which can be used to reproduce plants without seeds.
The parts of a seed
The document discusses the three main parts of a seed - the seed coat, stored food, and baby plant. It then describes the four main parts of a plant - roots, stem, leaves, and flower. The roots take in water and minerals from the soil. The stem carries water and helps the plant grow tall. The leaves make food for the plant using sunlight, water, and air. The flower makes seeds to form new plants.
Introduction to Plants - Basic Overview
A basic overview of vascular and non vascular plants - gymnosperms and angiosperms; monocots and dicots. Appropriate for High School or advanced middle school.
Plant parts and roots
The external structure of plants includes the root system and shoot system. The root system is found underground and performs several important functions, such as anchoring the plant, absorbing water and minerals, and storing food. There are different types of root systems, including tap roots, fibrous roots, and specialized roots like stilt roots, prop roots, and aerial roots. The shoot system is found above ground and includes stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits.
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The plant kingdom is divided into two main groups: vascular and non-vascular plants. Vascular plants have tissues that transport water and nutrients throughout the plant. Non-vascular plants like mosses and liverworts lack these tissues and rely on cell walls for transport. Seedless plants reproduce via spores and include non-vascular bryophytes as well as vascular horsetails, ferns, and spikemosses. Seed plants have true roots, stems, leaves and vascular tissues. They reproduce via seeds and are divided into gymnosperms like conifers, which have naked seeds, and angiosperms, which produce flowers and fruits containing seeds. Angiosperms are further divided into monocots and dicots.
Plant Phyla
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Asexual reproduction in plants
Plants can reproduce asexually through vegetative reproduction, which does not involve sex cells. There are several techniques for vegetative reproduction, including cutting, grafting, using storage organs, stolons/runners, and layering. Cuttings, storage organs, stolons, and layering involve taking parts of plants like stems, leaves, roots, tubers, and runners and developing them into new independent plants. Grafting involves joining parts from two plants together so that they grow as one plant.
Modifications of roots
The document discusses various modifications of roots. Underground roots like taproots and adventitious roots undergo modifications for storage and propagation. Taproots become swollen in different shapes like fusiform, napiform, and conical for food storage. Adventitious roots form tubers or clusters. Aerial roots modify for mechanical support as prop, stilt, or climbing roots or for vital functions as haustoria, pneumatophores, floating, or epiphytic roots.
a ppt on polination and seed dispersal
1) Plants rely on animals for pollination and seed dispersal. Most plants (about 90%) use animals like insects, birds, and other animals to transfer pollen between flowers and disperse seeds.
2) Seed dispersal is important for plants to prevent overcrowding and allow for new plant colonies to form. Seeds are dispersed through fruits that enable transport by various vectors.
3) Many plants have evolved traits like colorful flowers, scents, and patterns to attract specific pollinators like bees, hummingbirds, and bats to transfer pollen between flowers. This benefits both the plants and the pollinator animals.
Introduction To Plants
This document summarizes key information about plant structures and classifications. It begins by identifying the four main characteristics shared by all plants: they perform photosynthesis, have a cuticle layer, cell walls, and alternation of generations. It then describes the four major groups of plants as nonvascular plants, vascular plants, seed plants, and flowering plants. The document provides examples and explains the structures, functions, and importance of roots, stems, leaves, and flowers. It also distinguishes between gymnosperms and angiosperms.
Introduction to Plants PPT
Vascular plants evolved adaptations for survival on land such as obtaining and preserving water. Seed-bearing plants were most successful with adaptations like producing seeds that could be dispersed independently of water. Gymnosperms were the first seed-bearing plants but had exposed seeds, while flowering plants (angiosperms) produced specialized reproductive structures called flowers and fruits to enclose and nurture seeds. Angiosperms diversified greatly and many provided benefits to humans like domesticated grains.
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Botany project
This document discusses the botany project of a plant that is an angiosperm, usually grows as an evergreen that retains leaves year-round and blooms in early summer. It describes the most popular varieties of red hot pokers for gardens, notes that it has a tap root, and explains that angiosperms reproduce through flowers, produce seeds in protective fruits, and are the dominant and most important group of plants providing food, wood, medicine and shelter.
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Plants are multicellular organisms that carry out photosynthesis. Photosynthesis takes place in chloroplasts and uses chlorophyll, carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight to produce organic matter. Plants undergo respiration to obtain energy and carry out vital functions. Plants are classified based on whether they have vascular tissue and whether they flower and produce seeds. Xylem transports water and nutrients while phloem transports organic matter. Gymnosperms are seed-producing plants like conifers that do not produce fruits, while angiosperms are flowering plants that produce fruits and seeds enclosed within flowers.
Presentation Grade 4.pptx
This document discusses different types of ornamental gardens, including container gardens, formal flower gardens, informal flower gardens, rock gardens, water gardens, and wild flower gardens. It also lists and describes 10 popular ornamental plants commonly grown in households, such as begonia, chrysanthemum, carnation, dahlia, geranium, fern, gumamela, mayana, oregano, and sampaguita. The document provides information on planning and designing ornamental gardens.
Non flowering plants life cycle
Non-flowering plants reproduce using spores rather than flowers and seeds. They are divided into three main groups: mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. Mosses belong to the division Bryophyta and have gametophyte and sporophyte phases in their life cycle. They reproduce asexually through fragmentation and gemmae, and sexually through the fertilization of eggs by sperm. Ferns belong to the division Pterophyta and have vascular tissues that allow them to grow larger than mosses. They also have alternation between gametophyte and sporophyte generations. Gymnosperms like conifers reproduce using naked seeds on cone scales rather than enclosed in fruits. They have a dominant
angiosperms.pptx
Angiosperms are flowering plants that reproduce sexually through flowers. They dominate terrestrial ecosystems, making up around 90% of all plant species. Key characteristics include producing flowers, fruits, and seeds. Angiosperms were more reproductively successful than earlier plants due to animal pollination and seed dispersal via fruits. They have a double fertilization process and can be annual, biennial, or perennial. Angiosperms occupy nearly all habitats on Earth and are economically important as food, materials, medicines, and ornamentals.
Reproduction in plants
This document discusses reproduction in plants. It describes asexual reproduction methods like budding, fragmentation, and spore formation which involve a single parent. Vegetative propagation through cuttings, layering and grafting of plant parts like stems and leaves is also discussed. Sexual reproduction requires both male and female reproductive parts and occurs through pollination which can be self or cross pollination aided by agents like wind, water, birds and insects. Fertilization completes the process of sexual reproduction.
Angiospermpptx__2021_01_12_11_02_20.pptx
- The document is about angiosperms and provides information over 3 paragraphs.
- It defines angiosperms as flowering plants that produce seeds enclosed in fruits and have flowers, fruits, and seeds. They make up the majority of plant species.
- It describes the basic structures of angiosperms including their root systems of taproots and fibrous roots, and shoot systems of stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits.
- Key details are provided about the morphology and functions of roots, stems, leaves, and reproductive parts of flowers.
Plant classification and adaptation
This document discusses plant classification and adaptation. It describes the different types of plants from the smallest that need microscopes to see to the largest trees. It explains the divisions of spermatophytes into gymnosperms and angiosperms, and then further divides angiosperms into monocots and dicots. It also describes plants that do not produce seeds like algae, fungi, bryophytes, and pteridophytes. In addition, it provides examples of plant adaptations and uses of plants for medicine.
Gymnosperms
Presentation on Gymnosperms. Prepared by Rahmat Alam Puniyali, Student of BS IV at Karakoram International University Gilgit, Pakistan. Photos of related plants are taken by the creator at KIU (Karakoram International University) campus.
(Some of the pictures and diagrams are taken from the websites of their resembling organizations (The McGraw-Hill Companies))
RHS Level 2 Certificate Year 1 Session 14 Overview
This document discusses vegetative plant propagation through various types of cuttings. It describes softwood, semi-ripe, and hardwood stem cuttings, as well as leaf, root, and leaf section cuttings. Physiological factors like juvenility and growth regulators influence rooting success, as do physical factors like cutting the stems properly. The document provides examples of plants suitable for each cutting type and outlines the equipment, process, and aftercare needed to root the cuttings.
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Botany projbgect
- 1. BOTANY PROJECT By: Danyele Jordan p.5
- 2. - This plant is an angiosperm - This flower usually grows as an evergreen - Defined as a plant that retains leaves throughoutthe year/ they grow to a mature height of 75.0 cm (2.44 ft.) - They usually bloom in early summer - Flamenco, citrina, flamenco mix, nabilis, and grandiflora mix are the most popular varieties of red hot pokers (typeof kniphofia uvaria) for gardeners to grow - This is a tap root
- 3. LIFE CYCLE Reproduction in angiosperms takes place within the flower. Following pollination and fertilization, the seeds develop inside protective structures.
- 4. IMPORTANCE / USES - They produceseeds contained in fruits - This group of plants is the dominantfrom of plant life on the planet - They are the major sourceof food for humans and other mammals - Wood of angiosperms areused for making sportgoods and furnitures - Some medicines are obtained fromthem - They provideshelter for many animals
- 5. The main root, or also known as the Tap root is formed fromthe radicle. The branches of the main root are called secondary roots which arefurther branched to form tertiary roots. Roots are absentin someangiosperms (utricularia : free- floating, aquatic, carnivorous plants thattrap and digest very thin animals) There are adventitious roots which are commonly found in monocots. They are also known as fibrous roots.