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Bone introduction 2
This document provides an overview of bone anatomy, physiology, and pathology. It discusses the following key points in 3 sentences or less: - Bone is composed of inorganic minerals (hydroxyapatite crystals) and organic collagen fibers, which provide strength and allow bone to withstand compression and tension. Bone develops through two processes: intramembranous and endochondral ossification. Bone remodeling is a continuous process where old bone is resorbed and new bone is formed, enabling calcium homeostasis and repair of microdamage.
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Bone introduction 2
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- 2. Introduction Layout BoneAnatomy &development . The cartilage histology . Bone Microanatomy and staining techniques. Bone Physiology & Pathophysiolgical processes . Markers of bone formation . Synovial joints anatomy and Pathology . Bone Tumors correlates .
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- 4. COMPOSITION OF BONE Bone Inorganic65% Organic 35% (Primarily calcium phosphate which is present in form of Highly insoluble crystals of Collagen 88-89% Non collagen 11-12% Hydroxy apatite) Glycoprotein Proteoglycan Sialoproteins Lipids Collagen fibers provide bone with great tensile strength while Inorganic salts allow bone to withstand compression.
- 5. Classification of Boneson the Basis of Shape Slide 5.4cCopyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 5.1
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- 9. Growing taller throughoutchildhood!
- 11. SKELETAL CARTILAGE • Chondrocytes: •Lacunae: . • Extracellular matrix: • Perichondrium:
- 12. Hundreds of EyesStaring Back at YOU!
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- 18. Normal Bone Microanatomy Undecalcifiedtransiliac bone biopsies (right) are considered to be representative of all skeletal bone and are suitable for examining, measuring, and analyzing the microscopic features of cortical and cancellous bone. Also, with the appropriate use of absorbable fluorochrome agents, the dynamic changes that occur in bone can be assessed. Cortical bone Cancellous bone
- 19. Anatomic Features ofa Normal Transiliac Bone Biopsy 7.5 mm Cortex Trabeculae Hematopoietic and fatty marrow
- 20. Normal Bone Microanatomy DifferentialTissue Stains A number of differential stains can be used to examine undecalcified tissue. Toluidine Blue stain (left) and Goldner Trichrome stain (right) will be used throughout this presentation, except as otherwise indicated. Each stain has characteristics that favor, or disfavor, its use. Either may be used for histomorphometric analysis. Unmineralized bone Mineralized bone
- 21. Bone Formation Woven Bone Underconditions of rapid turnover, e.g., normal growth, fracture healing, or under some pathologic conditions as illustrated, osteoid is deposited in disorganized fashion and is called woven bone in contrast to lamellar bone. Lamellar bone Woven bone
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- 23. BONE REMODELING Bonecontinually renews itself Enables Ca homeostasis. Spongy bone replaced every 3-4 years Compact bone every 10 years
- 24. Bone Remodeling Vitamin D Nutrition Physicalactivity Age, hormones PTH, PHRP IL1, TNF,TGF-β 5-10% bone / year.
- 25. Bone Remodeling Bone Formation Unmineralizedosteoid Osteoblasts secrete type I collagen, called osteoid, from their basal surfaces onto the previously resorbed surface. Osteoid forms the organic matrix of bone.
- 26. Mineralization of Osteoid TheMineralization Front Ten to fifteen days following secretion, osteoid undergoes maturational changes that prepare it for the initial deposition of calcium phosphate crystals. This occurs along an interface between mineralized and unmineralized bone, called the mineralization front.
- 27. Biochemical Effects ofBone Remodeling Markers of Bone Formation Osteoblasts secrete collagenous and noncollagenous proteins into circulation, including the C and N-terminal fragments of procollagen, alkaline phosphatase, and osteocalcin. Concentrations of these products in serum and urine serve as “markers” of bone formation and turnover.
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- 36. 1) fibroblasts Hyaluronin Lubricin 2) macrophages The SUB-intima is loose CT or fat
- 39. One Picture IsWorth Ten Thousand Words – Frederick Barnard, 1927
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