Bolted connections

By
Mr. Md. Anwaruddin
Asst. Professor,
Civil Engineering Department.
Bolted Connections

Mr. Md. Anwaruddin, Asst. Professor,
Civil Engg. Department. (GRACE)
2
CONTENT
 Introduction
 Types of joints/ connections,
 Types & uses of bolts : Black bolts and High strength bolts,
 modes of failure of bolted connections.
 Specifications of bolt holes for bolted connections.
 Strength of bolts in shear, tension, bearing and efficiency of
joint.
 Numerical on Analysis and Design of simple bolted
connections

Learning Outcomes:
 Compute the strength of the given bolted connections.
 Design the bolted connections for the given situations.
 Compute the strength of given welded connections.
 Design the welded connections for given situations.
 State the specifications for cross-sectional area, pitch,
spacing gauge, end distance, edge distance, and diameter of
bolt holes for bolted connections with justification.
 Explain the advantages of given welded connection.
Mr. Md. Anwaruddin, Asst. Professor, Civil
Engg. Department. (GRACE)
3

Lecture 01 Introduction to Connection design
Covering:-
 Introduction to steel connections
 Types of joints/ connections,
 Types & uses of bolts : Black bolts and
High strength bolts,
4

Introduction to Design of steel connections
 Limited length of members
 Rolling & Transportation Constraints
 Large Size of Structures
 Connection is the weakest link
 To avoid Connection failure before member
failure
 The full strength of members to be utilized
 Connection failure is usually not ductile
Necessity
Importance
5

Types of joints/ connections
Classification of Connections
 Methods of fastening
 Connection Rigidity
 Joint resistance
 Fabrication location
 Joint Location
 Connection geometry
 Type of force transferred
cross the structural
connection
Rivets, bolts and weld
Simple, rigid or semi-rigid
Bearing connections & friction
Shop or field
Beam-column, beam-to-beam, Column
to foundation
Single web angle, single plate, double web
angle…
Shear, shear and moment, simply moment,
tension or compression etc..
6

Classification Based on Connection Rigidity
Rigid:
Develop the full moment capacity of connecting members and retain the
original angle between the members under any joint rotation.
Simple:
No moment transfer is assumed (hinged or pinned)
Semi-Rigid:
May not have sufficient rigidity to hold the original angles between the
members and develop less than the full moment capacity of the
connected members.
7

Examples of Rigidity Connection
8

Examples of Pinned Connection
Bolted pin
Connection
Welded pin
Connection
9

Classification Based on Methods of Fastening
Riveted Connections:
Bolted Connections:
Welded Connections:
Lap joint and Butt joint
Fillet weld and Butt weld
10

Types of Bolts
 Unfinished bolts or black bolts or C Grade Bolts (IS: 1363)
 Turned bolts
 Precision (A-Grade) & Semi-precision (B-Grade) Bolts (IS: 1364)
 Ribbed bolts
 High Strength bolts (IS: 3757 & IS:4000)
11

Black Or Ordinary Bolt and Nut
12

Hexagonal Head Black Bolt and Nut (IS 1363)
13

Types & uses of bolts : Black bolts and High strength bolts
Covering:-
 Revision of Previous Lecture
 Advantages and properties of Black Bolts,
 High Strength Bolts.
 High Strength Friction Grip (HSFG) Bolts.
 Types of Bolted Joint.
14

Tensile Properties of Fasteners (Black bolts)
In property class 4.6, the number 4 indicates 1/100th the nominal
ultimate tensile strength in N/mm2 and the number 6 indicates the
ratio of yield stress to ultimate tensile stress, expressed as a
percentage.
i.e, the ultimate strength of class 4.6 grade bolt is =
𝟒
𝟏/𝟏𝟎𝟎
= 𝟒𝟎𝟎
𝑵
𝒎𝒎 𝟐
And yield strength is = 0.6 x fu = 0. x 400 = 240 N/mm2
15

Dimensions of 4.6 Grade Hexagon Head Bolts (IS 364)
16

Advantages of Bolted Connections
Bolted connections offer the following advantages over riveted or
welded connections:
 Use of unskilled labour and simple tools
 Noiseless and quit fabrications
 No special equipment/process required for installation
 Fast progress of work
 Accommodates minor discrepancies in dimensions
 The connection supports loads as soon as the bolts are
tightened.
The main disadvantage or drawback of black bolt is the slip of the
joint when subjected to loading
17

High Strength Bolts
 The material of the bolts do not have a well defined yield point.
 Instead of using yield stress, proof load is used.
 The proof load is the load obtained as (tensile stress area x Proof
stress)
 In IS:800 the proof stress is taken as 0.7 times the ultimate tensile
stress of the bolt.
18

High-Strength Friction Grip (HSFG) Bolts
 Special techniques are used for
tightening the nuts to induce a
special initial tension in the bolt (i.e,
proof load)
 Due to this friction, the slip in the
joint is eliminated.
 Joints with HSFG bolts are called
non-slip connections or friction type
connections.
Bolt tightening using impact wrench
19

Advantages of HSFG Bolts
 HSFG bolts do not allow any slip between the elements connected,
especially in close tolerance holes, provide rigid connections.
 Because of the clamping action, load is transmitted by friction only
and the bolts are not subjected to shear and bearing.
 Due to the smaller number of bolts, the gusset plate sizes are
reduced.
 Deformation is minimized.
 Holes larger than usual can be provided to ease erection and take
care of lack-of-fit. However note that the type of hole will govern
the strength of the connection.
 Noiseless fabrication, since the bolts are tightened with wrenches.
20

 The possibility of failure at the net section under the working loads is
eliminated.
 Since the loads causing fatigue will be within proof load, the nuts are
prevented from loosening and the fatigue strength of the joint will be
greater than in welded connections.
 Since the load is transferred by friction, there is no stress concentration
in the holes.
 Unlike riveted joints, few persons are required for making the
connections.
 No heating is required and no danger of tossing of bolt. Thus safety of
the workers is enhanced.
 Alterations, if any (e.g. replacement of defective bolt) is done easily
than in welded connections.
Advantages of HSFG Bolts
21

 Bolting usually involves a significant fabrication effort to produce the
bolt holes and associated plates or cleats.
 Special procedures are required to ensure that the clamping actions
required for preloaded friction-grip joints are achieved.
 The connections with HSFG bolts may not be as rigid as a welded
connection.
 HSFG bolts are about 50% higher than Black bolts.
 The percentage elongation at failure is 12% only.
Drawbacks of HSFG Bolts
22

Types of Bolted Joints
Classification of Bolted
Connections
 Force experienced by bolt
 Shear Connections
 Tension Connections
 Combined Shear &
Tension Connections
Lap joints and Butt joints
Single Cover
Butt joint
Double Cover
Butt joint
23

Expected Questions in Exam
Q. 01 What are the Advantages and disadvantages of
Bolted Connections?
Q. 02 Give the advantages and drawbacks of HSFG
bolts.
Q. 03 State four types of bolts and sketch any one.
Q. 04 In steel construction bolts of Grade 4.6 are
generally used. What do you mean by grade 4.6?
24

IS Specifications for Bolts & Bolted Joints
Covering:-
 Types of Bolted Joint. (Continue…)
 modes of failure of bolted connections.
25

Types of Bolted Joints
Classification of Bolted
Connections
 Force experienced by bolt
 Shear Connections
 Tension Connections
 Combined Shear &
Tension Connections
Single Cover
Butt joint
Double Cover
Butt joint
26

27
Single Lap Joint
Double Lap Joint
Single cover Butt Joint
Lap joints
Butt joints
Double cover Butt Joint
Cover plate Cover plate

28
Modes of failure of bolted connections
1) Shear failure of bolts
Single Shear Failure
Double Shear Failure

29
2) Tensile failure
Tensile Failure of Plate

30
3) Bearing failure of bolts/plates
Bearing Failure of Plate

31
Multiple Choice Questions
Q. 01 Which of the following statement is true?
a) Lap joint eliminates eccentricity of applied load, butt
joint results in eccentricity at connections
b) Lap joint and butt joint eliminates eccentricity at
connections
c) Lap joint results in eccentricity of applied load, butt
joint eliminates eccentricity at connection
d) Lap joint and butt joint both results in eccentricity of
applied load

32
Q. 02 In a lap joint, at least ________ bolts should be
provided in a line.
a) 0
b) 1
c) 2
d) 3

33
Q. 03 use of lap joints is not recommended because
a) Stresses are distributed unevenly
b) Eccentricity is eliminated
c) Bolts are in double shear
d) No bending is produced

34
Q. 04 Why is double cover butt joint preferred over single
cover butt joint or lap joint?
a) Lap joint eliminates eccentricity of applied load, butt
joint results in eccentricity at connections
b) Lap joint and butt joint eliminates eccentricity at
connections
c) Lap joint results in eccentricity of applied load, butt
joint eliminates eccentricity at connection
d) Lap joint and butt joint both results in eccentricity of
applied load

Q. 01 State failure modes of bolted joint.
Q. 02 Explain in detail about Failure of bolts and plates
in bolted Joints.
Q. 03 What are the failure modes associated with bolted
connections?
35

Failure Modes and IS Specifications for Bolted Joint
Covering:-
 modes of failure of bolted connections.
(Continue…)
 IS Specifications for bolts and bolted joints
36

37
4) Shear failure of Plates
Shear off
Bolted plate
P
Shear off
Tearing of plateShear failure of plate

38
5) Tensile failure of bolts
Yielding
Tensile failure
or
fracture

39
6) Tearing of Plates and Splitting of corners
Splitting of plate
Tearing or edge cracking of plate

40
IS Specifications for bolts and bolted joints
 Bolt hole or Gross diameter (D or dh) ;
 Nominal dia.(d) + 2 mm (for 12mm< d =< 24mm)
 Nominal dia.(d) + 3 mm (for d> 26 mm )
IS:800-2007
 Gauge:
Distance between adjacent bolt
lines.
 Pitch:
Distance between Centre of the
two consecutive bolts along the direction
of force.
G
p p
F F

41
 Pitch (p) ;
 Min. pitch = 2.5d
 Maximum Pitch;
Tension = 16t or 200 mm (whichever is less)
Compression; 12t or 200 mm (whichever is less)
Tack rivets or bolts; 32t or 300 mm (whichever
is less)
IS:800-2007

42
Q. 01 Which is the correct statement regarding bolt holes
a) dh = d + 2 mm for d>24 mm
b) dh = d + 3 mm for d<24 mm
c) dh = d + 2 mm for d<24 mm
d) None of these

43
Q. 02 Min. pitch should be,
a) 3.0 d
b) 2.5 dh
c) 2.5 d
d) 3.0 dh

Q. 01 Define pitch and gauge distance.
Q. 02 Which are the IS 800 recommendations for bolts
hole and pitch distances.
44

IS Specifications for Bolted Joint
Covering:-
 IS Specifications for bolts and bolted joints
(Continue…)
45

46
Learning Outcome
 Will be able to know IS specifications for bolts and bolted
connections.
 Able to use IS recommendations on site.

47
IS:800-2007

48
 Edge distance (e) ;
 Distance between centre of the bolt hole to
the adjacent edge of the member.
 Min. edge distance ; 1.5d or 1.7d
 Maximum edge distance; 40 mm + 4t
IS:800-2007
Edge Distance
Gauge
Pitch
End DistanceMr. Md. Anwaruddin, Asst. Professor, Civil

49
Gauge distance for bolts as per SP-1

50
Q. 01 Which is the correct statement regarding edge
distance for bolted connections
a) 𝑒 𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 1.5d for rolled, machine-flame cut
b) 𝑒 𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 1.7d for sheared or hand-flame cut
c) Both a and b is correct
d) Both a and b are incorrect

51
Q. 02 Max. edge distance should be,
a) 40 + 4t
b) 30 + 3t
c) 4.0 + 4t
d) 3.0 + 3t

Q. 01 Define edge and end distance.
Q. 02 Which are the IS 800 recommendations for edge
and end distances in bolted connections.
52

Strength of bolts and bolted joints
Covering:-
 Strength of bolts and bolted joints
 Shear Strength of bolt
 Bearing Strength of bolt
53

54
Learning Outcome
 Will be able to know shear strength of bolts,
 Able to know and understand bearing strength of bolts.

55
Strength of bolted joints
Shear Strength of bolt
𝑽 𝒅𝒔𝒃 =
𝑽 𝒏𝒔𝒃
𝜸 𝒎𝒃
Design shear strength of bolt,
Where,
𝑉𝑛𝑠𝑏 =
𝑓𝑢
3
(𝑛 𝑛 𝐴 𝑛𝑏 + 𝑛 𝑠 𝐴 𝑠𝑏)
𝑓𝑢 = 𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡𝑕 𝑜𝑓 𝑎 𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑡;
𝑛 𝑛 = 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑕𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑤𝑖𝑡𝑕 𝑡𝑕𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑠
𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡𝑕𝑒 𝑠𝑕𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑒
𝐴 𝑛𝑏 = 𝑛𝑒𝑡 𝑠𝑕𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑕𝑒 𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑡 𝑎𝑡 𝑡𝑕𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑠,
𝑛 𝑠 = 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑕𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑤𝑖𝑡𝑕𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑡𝑕𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑠
𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡𝑕𝑒 𝑠𝑕𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑒
𝐴 𝑠𝑏 = 𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑕𝑎𝑛𝑘 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑕𝑒 𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑡.
Cover plate
Cover plate

56
Bearing Strength of bolt
𝑽 𝒅𝒑𝒃 =
𝑽 𝒏𝒑𝒃
𝜸 𝒎𝒃
Design bearing strength of bolt,
Where,
𝑉𝑛𝑝𝑏 = 2.5 𝑘 𝑏 𝑑 𝑡 𝑓𝑢
𝑘 𝑏 = least of
𝑒
3𝑑ℎ
,
𝑝
3𝑑ℎ
− 0.25,
𝑓 𝑢𝑏
𝑓𝑢
, 1.0
Edge Distance
Gauge
Pitch
End Distance

57
Q. 01 Max. edge distance should be,
a)
𝑒
3𝑑ℎ
b)
𝑝
3𝑑ℎ
− 0.25
c) 1.0
d) least of ;
𝑒
3𝑑ℎ
,
𝑝
3𝑑ℎ
− 0.25,
𝑓 𝑢𝑏
𝑓𝑢
, 1.0

Q. 01 State and explain strength of bolts.
Q. 02 State and explain different strengths of bolts.
58

Strength of bolts and bolted joints
Covering:-
 Tensile Strength of bolt
 Tensile Strength of plate
59

60
Learning Outcome
 Will be able to know tensile strength of bolts,
 Able to know and understand tensile strength of plates in bolted
connections.

61
Tensile Strength of bolt
𝑻 𝒅𝒃 =
𝑻 𝒏𝒃
𝜸 𝒎𝒃
Design tensile strength of bolt,
Where,
𝑇𝑛𝑏 = 0.90𝑓𝑢𝑏 𝐴 𝑛 < 𝑓𝑦𝑏 𝐴 𝑠𝑏( 𝛾 𝑚𝑏
𝛾 𝑚0)
𝒇 𝒖𝒃 = 𝒖𝒍𝒕𝒊𝒎𝒂𝒕𝒆 𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒍𝒆 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 𝒐𝒇 𝒂 𝒃𝒐𝒍𝒕;
𝒇 𝒚𝒃 = 𝒀𝒊𝒆𝒍𝒅 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒃𝒐𝒍𝒕,
𝑨 𝒏 = 𝒏𝒆𝒕 𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒍𝒆 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔 𝒂𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒃𝒐𝒍𝒕,
𝑨 𝒔𝒃 = 𝒏𝒐𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒍 𝒑𝒍𝒂𝒊𝒏 𝒔𝒉𝒂𝒏𝒌 𝒂𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒃𝒐𝒍𝒕.
Cover plate

62
Tensile Strength of plate
Design tensile strength of bolt, 𝑻 𝒅𝒏 =
0.90𝑓𝑢 𝐴 𝑛
𝜸 𝒎𝟏
Where,
𝜸 𝒎𝟏 = partial safety factor for failure at ultimate stress
𝒇 𝒖 = 𝒖𝒍𝒕𝒊𝒎𝒂𝒕𝒆 𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒍𝒆 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉
𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒑𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒆 𝒐𝒓 𝒎𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒂𝒍;
𝑨 𝒏 = 𝒏𝒆𝒕 𝒆𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒗 𝒂𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆
𝒑𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒆 𝒐𝒓 𝒎𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒂𝒍,
𝑨 𝒏 = 𝒃 − 𝒏𝒅 𝒉 +
𝒑 𝒔𝒊
𝟐
𝟒𝒈 𝒊
𝒊 t

63
Q. 01 As per IS:800-2007 tensile strength of bolt is
obtained as,
a) 𝑇𝑑𝑛 = 0.90𝑓𝑢 𝐴 𝑛
𝛾 𝑚1
b) 𝐴 𝑛 = 𝑏 − 𝑛𝑑 𝑕 +
𝑝 𝑠𝑖
2
4𝑔 𝑖
𝑖 t
c) 𝑇𝑛𝑏 = 0.90𝑓𝑢𝑏 𝐴 𝑛
d) 𝑇𝑑𝑏 = 0.90𝑓 𝑢𝑏 𝐴 𝑛
𝛾 𝑚𝑏

Q. 01 State and explain tensile strength of bolts.
Q. 02 State and explain tensile strengths of plates.
64

Bolt Value and Efficiency of joint
Covering:-
 Bolt Value of bolt
 Efficiency of joint
65

66
Learning Outcome
 Will be able to know and calculate Bolt value of joint,
 Able to know and understand and efficiency of bolted connections.

67
Bolt Value
Least strength of bolt in Bearing and shearing
Least of 𝑽 𝒅𝒑𝒃 𝒂𝒏𝒅𝑽 𝒅𝒔𝒃Bolt Value,
Cover plate

68
Efficiency of the joint
Ratio of B.V. to the full strength of joint expressed in percentage
Efficiency of joint, 𝜼 = 𝑩. 𝑽.
𝑭𝒖𝒍𝒍 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 𝒐𝒇 𝒋𝒐𝒊𝒏𝒕 𝒐𝒓 𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒊𝒅 𝒑𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒆
Where,
𝑩. 𝑽. = Least of 𝑽 𝒅𝒑𝒃 𝒂𝒏𝒅𝑽 𝒅𝒔𝒃

69
Q. 01 As per IS:800-2007 Bolt Value is Calculated as,
a) Least of 𝑇𝑑𝑏 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑉𝑑𝑠𝑏
b) 𝐹𝑢𝑙𝑙 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡𝑕 𝑜𝑓 𝑗𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑟 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑑 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒
c) 𝑇𝑛𝑏 = 0.90𝑓𝑢𝑏 𝐴 𝑛
d) Least of 𝑉𝑑𝑝𝑏 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑉𝑑𝑠𝑏

Q. 01 Define Bolt value and Efficiency of joint.
Q. 02 State and explain efficiency of the joint.
70

Types of Bolting/ Bolt Pattern
Covering:-
 Bolt pattern
 Net area of Plate or member
71

72
Learning Outcome
 Will be able to know and understand bolt pattern,
 Able to know and determine net sectional of plate/member in
different bolting pattern.

73
Bolt pattern
1) Chain Bolting
1) Staggered or diamond Bolting
b
b

74
Net area of Plate or member
An = (b-n.dh) x t Chain Bolting
𝑨 𝒏 = 𝒃 − 𝒏𝒅 𝒉 +
𝒑 𝒔𝒊
𝟐
𝟒𝒈𝒊
𝒊 x t
Where,
𝐴𝑛 = 𝑛𝑒𝑡 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑜𝑟 𝑚𝑒𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟
b = width or breadth of plate
n = no. of bolts in respective
section
dh = dia. Of bolt hole
p = pitch, g = gauge
t = thickness of plate
Staggered or zigzag Bolting

75
Q. 01 Net tensile area of plate/member for staggered
bolting is Calculated as,
a) An = (b−n.dh) x t
b) 𝑏 − 𝑛𝑑 𝑕 +
𝑝 𝑠𝑖
2
4𝑔 𝑖
𝑖
c) An = (b−dh) x t
d) 𝑏 − 𝑛𝑑 𝑕 +
𝑝 𝑠𝑖
2
4𝑔 𝑖
𝑖 x t

Q. 01 Calculate net area for plate 200 x 12 mm size
connected by single row of M20 bolts.
Q. 02 State and explain bolting pattern in bolted joint.
76

Numerical on Bearing and Shearing strength
Covering:-
 Bearing and Shearing strength of bolt
 Numerical on Bearing and Shearing
strength
77

78
Learning Outcome
 Able to know and determine bearing strength and shearing strength
of bolt.

79
Bearing and Shearing strength of bolt
Shear Strength Bearing strength
𝑽 𝒅𝒔𝒃 =
𝑽 𝒏𝒔𝒃
𝜸 𝒎𝒃
Design shear strength of bolt,
Where,
𝑉𝑛𝑠𝑏 =
𝑓𝑢
3
(𝑛 𝑛 𝐴 𝑛𝑏 + 𝑛 𝑠 𝐴 𝑠𝑏)
𝑽 𝒅𝒑𝒃 =
𝑽 𝒏𝒑𝒃
𝜸 𝒎𝒃
Design bearing strength of bolt,
Where,
𝑉𝑛𝑝𝑏 = 2.5 𝑘 𝑏 𝑑 𝑡 𝑓𝑢

80
Numerical on Bearing and Shearing strength
Example 01; Determine Shear strength and bearing strength of bolt for a
lap joint to connect two plates of width 100 mm, if the thickness of one plate
is 12 mm and another is 10 mm. The plates are of grade fe 410 grade. Use
bearing type bolts.

81
# Numerical 01……..Continue

Question for Practice
Q. 01 Determine Shear strength and bearing strength of
bolt for a lap joint to connect two plates of width 120
mm, if the thickness of one plate is 12 mm and another is
10 mm. The plates are of grade fe 410 grade.
Q. 02 Determine Shear strength and bearing strength of
bolt for a lap joint to connect two plates of width 200
mm, if the thickness of both plates is 12 mm and grade fe
410 plates & M20 bolts are used.
82

Numerical on Design of Bolted connection
Covering:-
 Principles to be observed in the design
 Numerical on Design of Bolted connection
83

84
Learning Outcome
 Able to know and design simple bolted connection.

85
Principles to be observed in the design
1. Design strength should be more than design load.
2. The Centre of gravity of bolts should coincide with the centre of
gravity of the connected members.
3. The length of connection should be kept as small as possible.
4. Should satisfy IS 800 requirements as in Cl. No. 10.2,
a. Pitch > 2.5d.
b. Edge distance 1.5dh or 1.7 dh …

86
Principles to be observed in the design

87
Numerical on Design of Bolted connection
Example 01; Design a lap joint to connect two plates of width 100 mm, if the
thickness of one plate is 12 mm and another is 10 mm. The joint has to transfer a
working load of 100 kN.The plates are of grade fe 410 grade. Use bearing type
bolts and draw connection details.

88

89

90

Question for Practice
Q. 01 Design a lap joint to connect two plates of width
120 mm, if the thickness of one plate is 12 mm and
another is 10 mm. The joint has to transfer a working
load of 120 kN. The plates are of grade fe 410 grade. Use
bearing type bolts and draw connection details.
Q. 02 Design a lap joint to connect two plates of width
200 mm, if the thickness of one plate is 12 mm and
another is 10 mm. The joint has to transfer a working
load of 150 kN. The plates are of grade fe 410 grade. Use
bearing type bolts and draw connection details. & M20
bolts are used.
91

92

Bolted connections

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