Second Lecture - Blood donation & selection of donor (theoretical)

1. BLOOD DONATION &
SELECTION OF DONOR
Hussein A. Abid
B. Sc. M. Clin. L. T.
Member of ASM and AABMB
Middle Technical University
Ba’aquba Medical Technical Institute
Medical Laboratory Technology Department
Blood Transfusion Course
Lecture: 2

2. PRE-TEST
• What is blood donation include?
• What is the purpose of blood donation?
• What are the components of blood?
• Who is we talk about in blood donation?
• Is all persons in blood donation volunteer?
• How to select a blood donors?

3. OBJECTIVES
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• A student after completion this lecture, will be able to:
1. Define the blood donation process.
2. List the types of donation.
3. Explain how to test a donor before and after donation.
4. List the measures of acceptance/exclusion of donors.
5. Know how the persons deferred from donation.

4. BLOOD DONATION
• A blood donation occurs when a person voluntarily has
blood drawn and used for transfusion and/or made into
biopharmaceutical medication by a process called
fractionation (separation of whole-blood components).
• Donation may be of whole-blood (WB), or of specific
components directly (the later called apheresis).
• Blood banks often participate in the collection process as
well as the procedures that follow it.
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5. TYPES OF DONATION
1. In developed world, most blood donors are unpaid
volunteers (voluntary non-remunerated repeat
donation, VNRD) who donate blood for community
supply.
2. In poor countries, established supplies are limited
and donors usually give blood when family or friends
need a transfusion (direct donation).
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6. TYPES OF DONATION
3. Some donors are paid (for money),
in some cases there are incentives
other than money such as paid time
off from work.
4. Donors can also have blood drawn
for their own future use (autologous
donation).
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7. TESTING AND SCREENING FOR DONATION
• Potential donors are evaluated for anything that might make
their blood unsafe to use.
• The screening includes testing for diseases that can be
transmitted by blood transfusion, including HIV and viral
hepatitis (HBV, HCV).
• (In some countries like United Kingdom for example, malaria,
cytomegalovirus, human T-cell leukemia viruses and
Chagas disease are included).
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8. TESTING AND SCREENING FOR DONATION
• The donor must also answer questions about medical history
and take a short physical examination to make sure the
donation is not hazardous to his or her health.
• How often a donor can give varies from days to months based
on what he or she donates, and the laws of the country where
the donation takes place.
• In United States, donors must wait eight weeks (56 days)
between whole blood donations but only three days between
platelets apheresis donation.
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9. MEASURES OF SELECTION OF DONORS
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1. Age 17 – 70 years (maximum 60 at 1st donation)
2. Weight above 50 Kg.
3. Hemoglobin >13 g/dL for men, >12g/ dL for women.
4. Blood pressure (B.P) ranges from 120/ 70 to 140/ 80.
5. Pulse rate from 70 – 90 beat/ minute.
6. Temperature should be normal (around 37.3 oC).
7. Minimum donation interval of 12 weeks (16 weeks advise)
and three donation per year maximum. (This is in UK )

10. EXCLUSION OF THOSE WITH:
1. Known cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension.
2. Significant respiratory disorders.
3. Epilepsy and other CNS disorders.
4. Gastrointestinal disorders with impaired absorption.
5. Pregnant and lactating women because of high iron
requirements.
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11. EXCLUSION OF THOSE WITH:
6. Insulin-dependent diabetes (type-I diabetes).
7. Chronic renal diseases.
8. Exclusion of any donor returning to occupations such as
driving bus, plane or train, heavy machine or crane
operator, mining…. etc. because delayed faint would be
dangerous.
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12. DEFERRALS OF DONATION
• 9 months post-pregnancy.
• 12 months after body piercing or tattoo, after acupuncture.
• 2 weeks after vaccinations (e.g. measles, mumps).
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13. TEMPORARY DEFERRAL
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FOLLOWING VACCINE ADMINISTRATION 12-MONTH DEFERRAL

14. POTENTIAL PERMANENT DEFERRAL
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15. POST-TEST
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1. Define (blood donation, apheresis)
2. List the types of donors.
3. Explain how to test a donor before and after donation.
4. List the measures of exclusion of donors.
5. How many months the donor delayed after measles
vaccination.

16. Hussein A. Al-tameemi