Biotechnology 1
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This document discusses the use of biotechnology in various fields such as agriculture, food, industry, medicine, and the environment. It provides examples of how biotechnology has long been used to produce useful products through fermentation and genetic engineering. Specifically, it mentions how organisms and their products are used in beer/wine production, vaccines, cheese making, probiotics, soil inoculants, and more. The document then discusses newer technologies like genetic engineering that allow recombinant DNA techniques to genetically modify organisms for traits like pest resistance.
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Biotechnology 1
- 1. NIMBB UP DILIMAN CYNTHIA T. HEDREYDA Ph.D NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND BIOTEHNOLOGY
- 2. THE USE OF LIVING ORGANISMS, PARTS OF LIVING ORGANISMS, OR PRODUCTS OF LIVING ORGANISM TO COME UP WITH A PRODUCT THAT IS USEFUL TO MAN
- 3. EXAMPLES : BEER, WINE , ALCO GAS fermentation products of yeast SEVERAL TRADITIONAL FERMENTED FOOD “burong gulay”, “burong isda”, soy sauce, fish sauce BAKED PRODUCTS that use yeast in dough making TRADITIONAL VACCINES injection of live attenuated or killed microorganism that will elicit an immune response
- 4. HERBAL MEDICINE, DIGESTIVE AIDS makes use of plant & microbial products CHEESE MAKING use of microorganisms for aging or flavor formation and animal or microbial enzyme for curdling DETERGENT AND LEATHER INDUSTRY use of microbial enzymes (protease) & dyes
- 5. DIAGNOSTIC KITS FOR PATHOGENIC MICROORGANISMS use proteins from microorganisms for the ELISA detection BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF PESTS uses other microorganisms to control disease-causing microorganisms USE OF SOIL INOCULANTS use of useful organisms that enhance growth of plants USE OF PROBIOTICS use of useful organisms that enhance growth of other useful organisms synthesize products useful to other organisms
- 6. AGRICULTURE SOIL INOCULANTS, ORGANIC FARMING, BIOLOGICAL INSECTIDCIDE OR BIOLOGICAL CONTROL, CONVENTIONAL PLANT AND ANMAL BREEDING, CONVENTIONAL VACCINES FOOD BIOTECHNOLOGY BREAD MAKING, FERMENTATION BEVERAGE AND OTHER FERMENTED FOOD LIKE KIMCHI, CHEESE, VINEGAR, SOY SAUCE, FISH SAUCE, NATA DE COCO
- 7. INDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY DISTELLERY, MICROBIAL ENZYMES FOR DETERGENT AND LEATHER INDUSTRY MEDICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY CONVENTIONAL VACCINES, DIGESTIVE AIDS, HERBAL MEDICINE ETC ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY COMPOSTING, MICROBIAL WASTE TREATMENT
- 8. USE RELATIVELY NEWLY DEVELOPED TECHNOLOGY LIKE TISSUE CULTURE, SUB UNIT VACCINES, DNA BASED DIAGNOTICS, BIOREMEDIATION, MOLECULAR FORENSICS, NEWLY DEVELOPED MEDICAL PROCEDURES LIKE XENOTRANSPLANTATION , STEM CELL RESEARCH ETC. USE OF RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY GENETIC ENGINEERING OF LIVING ORGANISMS TO CREATE PRODUCTS USEFUL TO MAN
- 13. Precurs or metaboli tes PROKARYOTE EUKARYOTE Lipid Cell inclusion Fatty acids Lipopolysaccharide Metaboli c energy Cell ennvelope Sugars Glycogen Cell membrane Membranes of cell organelles Flagella Murein Reducing power Amino acids Pili Protein Cytoplasm ribosome Cytosol C 1 units RNA Polyriibosome Nucleotides Glycolysi s TCA Fueling Biosynthethic ETS Rxn Assembly Rxn Nucleus Chromosomes DNA Polymerization Nucleoid
- 17. DNA from donor organism
- 18. The host cells that take up the recombinant DNA are called transformed cells or recombinant bacteria or a GM bacteria. The protein product encoded by the cloned gene or the insert is produced by the host cell.
- 19. + Bacteria carrying Ti plasmid with gene of interest = Plant tissue culture + BIOLISTIC GMO
- 20. mRNA Bt gene in corn plant cells Bt Protein toxic to corn borer is produced by corn corn plant becomes resistant to corn borer