Biotechnology uses living organisms or their components to develop useful products. It involves techniques from various scientific fields including engineering, computer science, and molecular biology. Some key applications of biotechnology are improving crops and livestock, developing pharmaceuticals and diagnostics, and environmental restoration. Biotechnology encompasses both modifying organisms through genetic engineering as well as selecting naturally occurring genetic variations.
Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are organisms in which the
genetic material has been altered using recombinant DNA technology.
Genetic manipulation involves a wide variety of modifications to produce
nutritionally valued GM crops. In some cases, genetic modifications
represent more faster and efficient mechanisms for achieving desired
resulting traits. This review indicate the mechanism of group of actions
with various biotechnological tool utilize to carry out genetic
modification, their benefits, etc. Production of GM food crops provides
new ways to fulfill future food requirments but risk associated factors
cannot be neglected. To overcome these problems and to cope with the
continuous increase in the number and variety of GMOs, new approaches
are needed. India has approved cultivation of some GM crops but due to
lack of proper knowledge and religious factors lead to stunted outcomes
ignoring environment cleanliness and hunger of malnourished segments.
So more attention still needed for its adoption globally by ensure its
safety for human utilization.
Global developments of genome editing in agricultureOECD Environment
This presentation covers the scope of agricultural applications of genome editing by describing the relevance of these techniques to agriculture especially crop plants, farm animals as well as the foods and feeds derived from them.
Biotechnology ppt by anila rani pullaguraanilarani
Biotechnology is the use of living systems and organisms to develop or make products, or "any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use"
Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are organisms in which the
genetic material has been altered using recombinant DNA technology.
Genetic manipulation involves a wide variety of modifications to produce
nutritionally valued GM crops. In some cases, genetic modifications
represent more faster and efficient mechanisms for achieving desired
resulting traits. This review indicate the mechanism of group of actions
with various biotechnological tool utilize to carry out genetic
modification, their benefits, etc. Production of GM food crops provides
new ways to fulfill future food requirments but risk associated factors
cannot be neglected. To overcome these problems and to cope with the
continuous increase in the number and variety of GMOs, new approaches
are needed. India has approved cultivation of some GM crops but due to
lack of proper knowledge and religious factors lead to stunted outcomes
ignoring environment cleanliness and hunger of malnourished segments.
So more attention still needed for its adoption globally by ensure its
safety for human utilization.
Global developments of genome editing in agricultureOECD Environment
This presentation covers the scope of agricultural applications of genome editing by describing the relevance of these techniques to agriculture especially crop plants, farm animals as well as the foods and feeds derived from them.
Biotechnology ppt by anila rani pullaguraanilarani
Biotechnology is the use of living systems and organisms to develop or make products, or "any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use"
Presentation from the International Life Sciences Institute, India - "Scientific Workshop on Safety Assessment of GM Foods" held on 14-15 October, 2015 in New Delhi, India
Presentation from the International Life Sciences Institute, India - "Scientific Workshop on Safety Assessment of GM Foods" held on 14-15 October, 2015 in New Delhi, India
Biotechnology and its applications
Introduction:
Biotechnology is the broad area of biology, involving living systems and organisms to develop or make products, or "any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use“.
Depending on the tools and applications, it often overlaps with the (related) fields of molecular biology, bio-engineering, biomedical engineering, biomanufacturing, molecular engineering, etc.
The wide concept of "biotech" or "biotechnology" encompasses a wide range of procedures for modifying living organisms according to human purposes, going back to domestication of animals, cultivation of the plants, and "improvements" to these through breeding programs that employ artificial selection and hybridization. Modern usage also includes genetic engineering as well as cell and tissue culture technologies.
Its Applications:
Biotechnology has applications in four major industrial areas,
Food Industry
Health and Medicine
Agriculture
Industrial And Environmental
The three important techniques of biotechnology are: (1) Recombinant DNA Technology (Genetic Engineering) (2) Plant Tissue Culture and (3) Transgenic (Genetically Modified Organisms).
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Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
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Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
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Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
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3. Biotechnology
Improvements by using science
Science helps in production of
plants, animals and other
organisms
Also used in maintaining a good
environment that promotes our well
being
4. Biotechnology -Definition
One of the broadest definition of
Biotechnology is the one given at the
United Nations Conference on
Biological Diversity in 1992 as “any
technological application that uses
biological systems, living
organisms, or derivatives thereof, to
make or modify products or
processes for specific use.”
5. Some of these include the use of
microorganisms to make the
antibiotic, penicillin or the dairy
product, yoghurt; the use of
microorganisms to produce amino
acids or enzymes are also
examples of biotechnology.
6. Biotechnology
Using scientific processes to get
new organisms or new products
from organisms.
Large area
Includes many approaches and
methods in science and technology
7. Definitions :
Any technique that uses living organisms or
substances from those organisms to make or
modify a product, to improve plants or
animals or to develop microorganisms for
specific uses.
8. What is biotechnology?
Biotechnology = bios (life) + logos (study of or
essence)
Literally ‘the study of tools from living things’
CLASSIC: The word "biotechnology" was first used
in 1917 to describe processes using living
organisms to make a product or run a process,
such as industrial fermentations. (Robert Bud, The
Uses of Life: A History of Biotechnology)
LAYMAN: Biotechnology began when humans
began to plant their own crops, domesticate
animals, ferment juice into wine, make cheese,
and leaven bread (Acces Excellence)
9. • GENENTECH: Biotechnology is the process of
harnessing 'nature's own' biochemical tools to make
possible new products and processes and provide
solutions to society's ills (G. Kirk Raab, Former
President and CEO of Genentech)
• WEBSTER’S: The aspect of technology concerned
with the application of living organisms to meet the
needs and ends of man.
• WALL STREET: Biotechnology is the application of
genetic engineering and DNA technology to produce
therapeutic and medical diagnostic products and
processes. Biotech companies have one thing in
common - the use of genetic engineering and
manipulation of organisms at a molecular level.
10. What is biotechnology?
• Using scientific methods with organisms
to produce new products or new forms
of organisms
• Any technique that uses living
organisms or substances from those
organisms or substances from those
organisms to make or modify a product,
to improve plants or animals, or to
develop microorganisms for specific
uses
11. What is biotechnology?
• Using scientific methods with organisms
to produce new products or new forms
of organisms
• Any technique that uses living
organisms or substances from those
organisms or substances from those
organisms to make or modify a product,
to improve plants or animals, or to
develop microorganisms for specific
uses
12. What is biotechnology?
• Biotechnology is a multidisciplinarian in nature,
involving input from
• Engineering
• Computer Science
• Cell and Molecular Biology
• Microbiology
• Genetics
• Physiology
• Biochemistry
• Immunology
• Virology
• Recombinant DNA Technology
Genetic manipulation of bacteria,
viruses, fungi, plants and animals, often
for the development of specific products
13. What are the stages of
biotechnology?
• Ancient Biotechnology
• early history as related to food and
shelter, including domestication
• Classical Biotechnology
• built on ancient biotechnology
• fermentation promoted food production
• medicine
• Modern Biotechnology
• manipulates genetic information in
organism
• genetic engineering
14. Agricultural View
All of the applied science based operations in
producing food, fiber, shelter, and related
products
Milk production
New horticultural and ornamental plants
Wildlife, aquaculture, natural resources and
environmental management
16. What are the applications of
biotechnology?
• Production of new and improved
crops/foods, industrial chemicals,
pharmaceuticals and livestock
• Diagnostics for detecting genetic diseases
• Gene therapy (e.g. ADA, CF)
• Vaccine development (recombinant
vaccines)
• Environmental restoration
• Protection of endangered species
• Conservation biology
• Bioremediation
• Forensic applications
• Food processing (cheese, beer)
17. Monoclonal
Antibodies
Molecular
Biology
Cell
Culture
Genetic
Engineering
Anti-cancer drugs
Diagnostics
Culture of plants
from single cells
Transfer of new
genes into animal
organisms
Synthesis of
specific DNA
probes
Localisation of
genetic disorders
Tracers
Cloning
Gene therapy
Mass prodn. of
human proteins
Resource bank
for rare human
chemicals
Synthesis
of new
proteins
New
antibiotics
New types of
plants and
animals
New types
of food
DNA
technology
Crime solving
Banks of
DNA, RNA
and proteins
Complete
map of the
human
genome
18. Organismic Biotech
Working with complete,
intact organisms or their cells
Organisms are not
genetically changed with
artificial means
19. Organismic Biotech
Help the organism live better
or be more productive
Goal – improve organisms
and the conditions in which
they grow
21. Cloning
Process of producing a new
organism from cells or
tissues of existing organism.
1997 cloned sheep – “Dolly”
in Edinburgh Scotland
22. Molecular Biotech
Changing the genetic make-up of
an organism
Altering the structure and parts of
cells
Complex!
Uses genetic engineering,
molecular mapping and similar
processes
23. Genetic Engineering
Changing the genetic
information in a cell
Specific trait of one organism
may be isolated,cut, and
moved into the cell of
another organism
24. Transgenic
Results of Gen. Eng. Are
said to be “transgenic”
Genetic material in an
organism has been altered
26. Medicine
Some new developments
delve into the hereditary
material of humans known
as gene therapy
27. Medicine
Therapeutant - product used to
maintain health or prevent
disease
Biopharmaceuticals – drug or
vaccine developed through
biotechnology
Called designer drugs
28. Medicine
Biopharming – production of
pharmaceuticals in cultured
organisms
Combination of the
agriculture and
pharmaceutical industries
29. Medicine
Certain blood – derived
products needed in human
medicine can be produced
in the milk of goats
30. Environment
Any biotechnological process
that may promote a good
environment
Organisms developed during
the gulf war to “eat” oil
Organism used in gold mining
to “eat” contaminants
31. Environmental
Problems naturally solved
by microorganisms such
as bacteria, fungi break
down contaminant into a
form less harmful or not
harmful
37. Food and Beverages
Use of technology in production
and processing
Some biotech principles have been
employed for hundreds of years
(Yeast in baking bread)
Genetically altered crops
rBGH milk
38. Biotechnology
Helps meet human needs -Food,
clothing and shelter
Plants and animals are used in
manufacturing food, clothing and
materials for shelter.
Used to make products more useful or
desirable
Ex: conversion of milk into cheese or
yogurt
39. Efficiency
Must keep the cost of improving
products as low as possible
Biotech results in greater efficiency.
Inoculating legume seeds with bacteria
that allow the plant to pull nitrogen out
of the air and put it into the soil - Saves
the producer the cost of applying N
fertilizer.
Results in trees that grow faster and
produce wood that is more desirable.
40. Greater Production
Increases yields
bST use in cows to produce
more milk
Higher crop yields from
drought, disease & insect
resistant crops
41. Health Promoting Foods
Food with unique traits
Some contain therapeutants
Some designed with nutrient
enrichment
42. Safety
Consumers want foods to
provide needed nutrients and
in some cases, enhanced
foods
Do not want side effects from
those enhanced foods
43. Easy preparation
Flavr-Savr Tomato
Reached the market in early 1990’s
Engineered to have a longer shelf
life
Flavr-Savr - No soft spots ;
No rotten spots; Tomato resists
spoilage.
44. Synthetic biology
Creating lifelike characteristics
through the use of chemicals
Based on creating structures
similar to those found in living
organisms
Need for synthetic cells lead to the
development of the vesicle
Vesicle – tiny rounded structure
with cell like traits
45. Vesicle
Tiny structures similar to soap
bubbles were created to serve as
the cell membrane
Visible only with powerful
microscope
Once the cell membrane has been
successfully developed,
development of the materials within
the cell is initiated.
46. Synthetic biology
Is important because it
brings science closer to
creating life in the lab
Cells and tissues may be
developed to treat human
injury and disease