Analysis, design, implementation and testing of an optoelectronic system with a high power infared laser diode for cancer therapy using gold nanoparticles. Animal (murine) model.
Magnetic nanoliposomes for combined hyperthermia and drug deliveryPriyank Kulshrestha
Thermosensitive Magnetic liposomes for combined hyperthermia and drug delivery
The document summarizes the development of thermosensitive magnetic liposomes containing iron oxide nanoparticles and the anticancer drug paclitaxel. The liposomes were characterized and found to release their drug payload when heated by an external alternating magnetic field via heat generated by the iron oxide nanoparticles. In vitro tests showed the magnetic liposomes were efficiently internalized by cancer cells and caused higher cytotoxicity when heated compared to untreated cells. The liposomes also showed potential for pulmonary delivery via nebulization with a portion depositing in the lungs. The system aims to provide localized hyperthermia and drug delivery for cancer treatment.
Quantum dots have unique spectral properties that make them useful fluorescent probes for cellular imaging. They can be made water-soluble and conjugated to biomolecules for targeting specific cells and structures. Quantum dots have advantages over traditional fluorescent probes like greater photostability and the ability to multiplex imaging. They have been used for in vitro and in vivo imaging applications like labeling cancer cells, visualizing capillaries and receptors, and observing subcellular structures in real-time. While useful imaging tools, quantum dots have limitations like potential toxicity that must be addressed for in vivo use.
This document discusses the history and development of materials characterization. It notes that materials research transitioned from an empirical art to a systematic science with the discovery of chemical elements in the 18th century. New tools from physics and chemistry, such as microscopy, spectroscopy, and diffraction techniques, further advanced materials characterization. Exploratory research to expand knowledge of materials properties often led to useful discoveries. Characterization continues to improve materials for applications and reveal new materials with novel properties.
This document discusses using magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) for cancer hyperthermia therapy. It describes cancer and current cancer therapies like surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. It introduces nanomedicine and defines magnetic nanoparticles as nanoparticles that can be manipulated using magnetic fields. The document proposes using MNPs for magnetic hyperthermia cancer treatment, where applying an alternating magnetic field causes the MNPs to heat up. It outlines preparing and characterizing MNPs, then testing their cytotoxicity on cell cultures by exposing cell groups to MNPs, magnetic fields, or both to assess biocompatibility and toxicity.
This document discusses the potential applications of nanomaterials for NASA space exploration goals. It outlines how nanomaterials could enable advances in areas like power generation, energy storage, life support systems, astronaut health monitoring, radiation protection, and structural materials. The document provides examples of carbon nanotubes and ceramic nanofibers for applications in fuel cells, batteries, air and water purification, thermal protection, and biomedical sensors. It advocates an integrated approach to developing and utilizing nanotechnologies across robotic and human spaceflight missions to Mars and beyond.
The document discusses using magnetic nanoparticles for hyperthermia cancer therapy. It notes that resistance is a major challenge in cancer treatment. Mild hyperthermia between 42-45°C can induce apoptosis in cancer cells without damaging normal tissues. The document then describes a new type of nanoparticle called RA IN (resistance-free apoptosis-inducing nanoparticle) that aims to overcome resistance. The RA IN contains two subunits - one to inhibit heat shock proteins that protect cancer cells from heat-induced apoptosis, and another magnetic nanoparticle subunit to generate localized heat with an external magnetic field to kill cancer cells through apoptosis.
1. The document discusses various nanoparticles (NPs) and their applications in medical imaging techniques such as X-ray CT, PET, and MRI. Gold NPs and iron oxide NPs are highlighted.
2. For MRI, iron oxide NPs can act as contrast agents by enhancing the relaxation of water protons. Superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs consisting of a magnetite or maghemite core coated with dextran or polymers are promising MRI contrast agents.
3. The formation methods of various NPs are described, including controlling size and coating to influence properties like plasma half-life. Cationic liposome coated magnetite NPs have also been investigated for their cell membrane interaction and uptake.
Magnetic nanoliposomes for combined hyperthermia and drug deliveryPriyank Kulshrestha
Thermosensitive Magnetic liposomes for combined hyperthermia and drug delivery
The document summarizes the development of thermosensitive magnetic liposomes containing iron oxide nanoparticles and the anticancer drug paclitaxel. The liposomes were characterized and found to release their drug payload when heated by an external alternating magnetic field via heat generated by the iron oxide nanoparticles. In vitro tests showed the magnetic liposomes were efficiently internalized by cancer cells and caused higher cytotoxicity when heated compared to untreated cells. The liposomes also showed potential for pulmonary delivery via nebulization with a portion depositing in the lungs. The system aims to provide localized hyperthermia and drug delivery for cancer treatment.
Quantum dots have unique spectral properties that make them useful fluorescent probes for cellular imaging. They can be made water-soluble and conjugated to biomolecules for targeting specific cells and structures. Quantum dots have advantages over traditional fluorescent probes like greater photostability and the ability to multiplex imaging. They have been used for in vitro and in vivo imaging applications like labeling cancer cells, visualizing capillaries and receptors, and observing subcellular structures in real-time. While useful imaging tools, quantum dots have limitations like potential toxicity that must be addressed for in vivo use.
This document discusses the history and development of materials characterization. It notes that materials research transitioned from an empirical art to a systematic science with the discovery of chemical elements in the 18th century. New tools from physics and chemistry, such as microscopy, spectroscopy, and diffraction techniques, further advanced materials characterization. Exploratory research to expand knowledge of materials properties often led to useful discoveries. Characterization continues to improve materials for applications and reveal new materials with novel properties.
This document discusses using magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) for cancer hyperthermia therapy. It describes cancer and current cancer therapies like surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. It introduces nanomedicine and defines magnetic nanoparticles as nanoparticles that can be manipulated using magnetic fields. The document proposes using MNPs for magnetic hyperthermia cancer treatment, where applying an alternating magnetic field causes the MNPs to heat up. It outlines preparing and characterizing MNPs, then testing their cytotoxicity on cell cultures by exposing cell groups to MNPs, magnetic fields, or both to assess biocompatibility and toxicity.
This document discusses the potential applications of nanomaterials for NASA space exploration goals. It outlines how nanomaterials could enable advances in areas like power generation, energy storage, life support systems, astronaut health monitoring, radiation protection, and structural materials. The document provides examples of carbon nanotubes and ceramic nanofibers for applications in fuel cells, batteries, air and water purification, thermal protection, and biomedical sensors. It advocates an integrated approach to developing and utilizing nanotechnologies across robotic and human spaceflight missions to Mars and beyond.
The document discusses using magnetic nanoparticles for hyperthermia cancer therapy. It notes that resistance is a major challenge in cancer treatment. Mild hyperthermia between 42-45°C can induce apoptosis in cancer cells without damaging normal tissues. The document then describes a new type of nanoparticle called RA IN (resistance-free apoptosis-inducing nanoparticle) that aims to overcome resistance. The RA IN contains two subunits - one to inhibit heat shock proteins that protect cancer cells from heat-induced apoptosis, and another magnetic nanoparticle subunit to generate localized heat with an external magnetic field to kill cancer cells through apoptosis.
1. The document discusses various nanoparticles (NPs) and their applications in medical imaging techniques such as X-ray CT, PET, and MRI. Gold NPs and iron oxide NPs are highlighted.
2. For MRI, iron oxide NPs can act as contrast agents by enhancing the relaxation of water protons. Superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs consisting of a magnetite or maghemite core coated with dextran or polymers are promising MRI contrast agents.
3. The formation methods of various NPs are described, including controlling size and coating to influence properties like plasma half-life. Cationic liposome coated magnetite NPs have also been investigated for their cell membrane interaction and uptake.
Magnetic nanoparticles applications and bioavailability for cancer therapyPravin Chinchole
Magnetic nanoparticles can be used for cancer therapy applications. They can be coated or encapsulated to be bioavailable. When exposed to an external alternating magnetic field, the nanoparticles generate heat through hysteresis, friction, and relaxation effects. This localized hyperthermia can directly kill cancer cells or induce heat shock proteins to stimulate anti-cancer immunity. The nanoparticles can also be used for magnetic drug delivery, where drugs are attached and targeted to tumor sites using an external magnetic field, requiring lower doses than conventional treatment and reducing side effects. Studies have shown magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia and drug delivery can significantly reduce tumor growth in animal models.
The document discusses small animal imaging techniques. It provides an overview of various imaging modalities including their resolutions and applications. Specific techniques covered include bioluminescence imaging, fluorescence imaging, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and single photon emission computed tomography. The document also discusses fluorescent probes and reagents used for small animal imaging including near-infrared dyes, quantum dots, fluorescent microspheres, and protease-activatable probes. Potential applications highlighted include tumor detection, vascular imaging, and monitoring of enzyme activity.
This document discusses magnetic separation techniques used in nanobiomagnetism. It describes how magnetic separation is used to separate magnetic materials from non-magnetic materials in industries like mining and food processing. In microbiology, magnetic separation techniques are being developed to isolate rare cells and study nano cells. The document outlines the basic process of magnetic separation using functionalized magnetic materials and separating the magnetic complex using an external magnetic field. It also discusses strategies for magnetic separation including direct and indirect modes, and applications of magnetic targeting and detection in areas like cancer treatment and bacterial detection.
THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIONS ON TOOTH SURFACES AND IN ROOT CANALS WITH THREE DIFFERENT LASER MODALITIES: Photodynamic Therapy, Photothermal Therapy, Photoablation
Simulations for propagation of light in bio-medical tissues using Minitab sof...Nathan Mount
1) The document discusses simulations of light propagation in bio-medical tissues using Minitab software and Monte Carlo simulations. It examines how factors like scattering coefficient, absorption coefficient, diffuse reflectance, and light source affect light intensity and penetration in tissues.
2) Monte Carlo simulations were used because they allow for greater repetition of calculations and best recreate the random movement of light particles in tissue as they reflect off tissue particles and change direction.
3) The results showed that scattering coefficient, absorption coefficient, diffuse reflectance, and light source type all impact light propagation in tissues. Light source affected intensity and penetration, and different coefficients and reflectance values produced varying propagation patterns.
This article describes two experiments using single photons to determine the index of refraction and thickness of a microscope coverslip. In the first experiment, transmission of single photons through the coverslip at various angles is measured to determine the index of refraction by fitting the data to Fresnel equations. In the second experiment, photons pass through the coverslip in an interferometer to measure changes in optical path length, allowing the thickness to be calculated using the known index from the first experiment. The results from both single-photon experiments agree well with theoretical models.
Radioisotopes are unstable isotopes that decay and emit radiation. They are used for research, diagnostic, and therapeutic purposes. Some important radioisotopes include carbon-14, hydrogen-3, iodine-125, and iodine-131. Radioimmunoassay is an analytical technique that uses the principles of radioactivity and antibody-antigen reactions to detect substances in biological fluids at very low concentrations. It has applications in measuring hormones, vitamins, and diagnostic markers. While radioisotopes are useful tools, their use also requires safety precautions due to associated radiation hazards.
Determination ofRadiological Quality Parameters Using Optical Densitometer an...IOSR Journals
This study determined radiological quality parameters using an optical densitometer and simple fabricated equipment. A wooden step wedge and metal pin were exposed to x-rays and their optical densities were measured. The results showed that simple fabricated equipment can determine parameters like dose, beam alignment, peak kilovoltage and tube current consistency without specialized quality control equipment. Optical density was directly proportional to factors like kilovoltage, tube charge and dose. Beam alignment was within acceptable limits. Therefore, simple fabricated devices can be used to establish quality protocols and monitor parameters in areas lacking quality control testing equipment.
In Vivo Optical Imaging from the Whole Animal to the Cellular Levelabhitris
This document discusses in vivo optical imaging techniques from whole animal to cellular levels. It begins by describing small animal and endoscopy/microscopy imaging approaches. It then discusses advantages of in vivo imaging such as being non-destructive and enabling repeated experimentation. Examples are provided of tumor growth and metastasis imaging in mice over time. Technical challenges of in vivo imaging like absorbance, scattering, autofluorescence, and motion artifacts are outlined along with solutions. Examples are provided of using fluorescent proteins and dyes for in vivo labeling and imaging. Near-infrared imaging is highlighted for its deep tissue penetration. Various whole animal and cellular imaging systems are introduced.
Cytation 3 combines automated digital microscopy and conventional microplate reading in one instrument. It features temperature control, gas control, orbital shaking, and support for time lapse studies, making it ideal for live-cell assays and research applications in cell biology. The instrument allows for hit-picking wells for imaging based on criteria to reduce data collection and image quality control. In contrast to complex interfaces, BioTek's Gen5 software is specifically designed for those familiar with microplate software and requires minimal training. Cytation 3 offers both high performance filter-based optics and high-flexibility monochromator optics for application versatility.
The PRIME center incorporates five departments - Radiology, Cell Biology, Nuclear Medicine, Rheumatology, and the Central Animal Laboratory - to provide multi-modal preclinical imaging. It aims to operate as a single-location facility with MRI, optical, PET, and SPECT imaging to allow experiments with transgenic animals and viruses. The center offers 7T and 11.7T MRI, multi-photon fluorescence microscopy, microPET/CT, microSPECT/CT, and an optical imaging system to study topics like tumor development, islet transplantation, infection models, and more. Researchers can access expertise and perform longitudinal studies with sub-cellular resolution across modalities to translate findings from small animals to human studies.
This document discusses quantitative image analysis techniques for extracting information from 2D, 3D, time-lapse, and spectral biological images captured with microscopes. Traditional manual analysis is time-consuming and prone to bias, while high-throughput experiments generate millions of images. Quantitative image analysis software is used to automatically measure rates of cell division, protein localization, responses to drugs, lineage tracing, motility, and more from images of samples like yeast strains, tissue cultures, and tumor biopsies to aid in applications such as disease detection, survival prediction, and embryogenesis tracing.
This document discusses quantitative image analysis techniques for extracting information from 2D, 3D, time-lapse, and spectral biological images captured with microscopes. Traditional manual analysis is time-consuming and prone to bias, while high-throughput experiments generate millions of images. Quantitative image analysis software is used to automatically measure rates of cell division, protein localization, responses to drugs, lineage tracing, motility, and more from images of samples like yeast strains, tissue cultures, and tumor biopsies to aid in applications such as disease detection, survival prediction, and embryogenesis tracing.
The document describes the UMKA scanning tunneling microscope system. It has nanoscale resolution, can scan areas up to 7μm x 7μm, and is used for research and training purposes. The system includes a scanning head, electronic control unit, software, samples, and accessories. It is used across various fields including biology, semiconductors, polymers, and more to image surfaces at the atomic scale.
This document discusses radioisotopes, their formation and applications. It provides examples of common radioisotopes like hydrogen-3, americium-241 and gold-198 and their half-lives. It also describes different types of radiation like alpha particles and beta rays. Applications of radioisotopes discussed include medical uses like cancer treatment and seed irradiation to kill harmful microorganisms. The document also briefly touches on cyclotrons used to produce medical radioisotopes and how radiation is used to change the color of gemstones.
Brachytherapy involves placing radioactive sources inside or near the target tissue. It began in 1898 with radium and has evolved with different radioactive isotopes and delivery methods. Common isotopes used today include iridium-192, cesium-137, palladium-103, iodine-125, and gold-198, which are used for interstitial, intracavitary, or permanent implantation depending on the clinical application and isotope properties.
The document describes the synthesis and testing of a photoaffinity probe to help determine the specific amino acid residues near the binding site of the neurotoxin batrachotoxin (BTX) in voltage-gated sodium ion channels. Researchers developed a synthetic route for a diazirine photoaffinity probe and coupled it with BTX. Upon activation with UV light, the probe can covalently cross-link to the nearest amino acid residue in the BTX binding site. Analysis of the cross-linked residues using mass spectrometry could reveal the specific molecular contacts between BTX and the channel pore. The probe was successfully synthesized and testing of its coupling with BTX and ability to cross-link is pending.
This document discusses molecular biology techniques. It begins by outlining the learning objectives, which are to list techniques used in molecular biology and describe microscopy, centrifugation, extraction, electrophoresis, and chromatography. It then provides details on each technique, including their purposes and basic procedures. Microscopy is used to produce magnified images of cells and structures. Centrifugation separates substances by density. Extraction isolates molecules like DNA, RNA, and proteins. Electrophoresis separates charged substances using an electric field. Chromatography separates mixtures based on interactions with a solid or liquid medium.
The testo 881 is a versatile thermal imager with good image quality. It has a 160 x 120 pixel detector, temperature measurement accuracy of less than 50 mK, and interchangeable lenses. Additional features include a digital camera, power LEDs, humidity measurement, and the ability to measure temperatures up to 550°C with an optional high temperature measurement. The testo 881 provides thermal images and real images to analyze temperature differences and capture measurement data.
This document discusses the use of gold nanoparticles for the treatment of cancer. It begins with an introduction to cancer and the side effects of traditional chemotherapy and radiation treatments. It then discusses how nanotechnology can be used to develop targeted drug delivery systems using gold nanoparticles. The document outlines the properties of gold nanoparticles that make them suitable for photothermal therapy applications for cancer treatment, including their ability to absorb light and generate heat. It also discusses the different types of gold nanoparticles, methods for synthesizing and characterizing them, and their potential applications and progress in cancer treatment.
Synthesis & Heating Mechanisms of Magnetic Nanoparticles in Hyperthermia Trea...Nikita Gupta
This document summarizes research on synthesizing magnetic nanoparticles for use in hyperthermia cancer treatment. It discusses two samples of magnesium ferrite nanoparticles synthesized via co-precipitation at different temperatures and concentrations. Characterization with XRD and VSM showed the samples had hexagonal structure and increasing magnetization with higher sintering temperature. In hyperthermia experiments, both samples saw increased temperature over time with applied alternating magnetic fields, with better results at higher frequencies above 500 kHz needed to effectively treat cancer.
Magnetic nanoparticles applications and bioavailability for cancer therapyPravin Chinchole
Magnetic nanoparticles can be used for cancer therapy applications. They can be coated or encapsulated to be bioavailable. When exposed to an external alternating magnetic field, the nanoparticles generate heat through hysteresis, friction, and relaxation effects. This localized hyperthermia can directly kill cancer cells or induce heat shock proteins to stimulate anti-cancer immunity. The nanoparticles can also be used for magnetic drug delivery, where drugs are attached and targeted to tumor sites using an external magnetic field, requiring lower doses than conventional treatment and reducing side effects. Studies have shown magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia and drug delivery can significantly reduce tumor growth in animal models.
The document discusses small animal imaging techniques. It provides an overview of various imaging modalities including their resolutions and applications. Specific techniques covered include bioluminescence imaging, fluorescence imaging, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and single photon emission computed tomography. The document also discusses fluorescent probes and reagents used for small animal imaging including near-infrared dyes, quantum dots, fluorescent microspheres, and protease-activatable probes. Potential applications highlighted include tumor detection, vascular imaging, and monitoring of enzyme activity.
This document discusses magnetic separation techniques used in nanobiomagnetism. It describes how magnetic separation is used to separate magnetic materials from non-magnetic materials in industries like mining and food processing. In microbiology, magnetic separation techniques are being developed to isolate rare cells and study nano cells. The document outlines the basic process of magnetic separation using functionalized magnetic materials and separating the magnetic complex using an external magnetic field. It also discusses strategies for magnetic separation including direct and indirect modes, and applications of magnetic targeting and detection in areas like cancer treatment and bacterial detection.
THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIONS ON TOOTH SURFACES AND IN ROOT CANALS WITH THREE DIFFERENT LASER MODALITIES: Photodynamic Therapy, Photothermal Therapy, Photoablation
Simulations for propagation of light in bio-medical tissues using Minitab sof...Nathan Mount
1) The document discusses simulations of light propagation in bio-medical tissues using Minitab software and Monte Carlo simulations. It examines how factors like scattering coefficient, absorption coefficient, diffuse reflectance, and light source affect light intensity and penetration in tissues.
2) Monte Carlo simulations were used because they allow for greater repetition of calculations and best recreate the random movement of light particles in tissue as they reflect off tissue particles and change direction.
3) The results showed that scattering coefficient, absorption coefficient, diffuse reflectance, and light source type all impact light propagation in tissues. Light source affected intensity and penetration, and different coefficients and reflectance values produced varying propagation patterns.
This article describes two experiments using single photons to determine the index of refraction and thickness of a microscope coverslip. In the first experiment, transmission of single photons through the coverslip at various angles is measured to determine the index of refraction by fitting the data to Fresnel equations. In the second experiment, photons pass through the coverslip in an interferometer to measure changes in optical path length, allowing the thickness to be calculated using the known index from the first experiment. The results from both single-photon experiments agree well with theoretical models.
Radioisotopes are unstable isotopes that decay and emit radiation. They are used for research, diagnostic, and therapeutic purposes. Some important radioisotopes include carbon-14, hydrogen-3, iodine-125, and iodine-131. Radioimmunoassay is an analytical technique that uses the principles of radioactivity and antibody-antigen reactions to detect substances in biological fluids at very low concentrations. It has applications in measuring hormones, vitamins, and diagnostic markers. While radioisotopes are useful tools, their use also requires safety precautions due to associated radiation hazards.
Determination ofRadiological Quality Parameters Using Optical Densitometer an...IOSR Journals
This study determined radiological quality parameters using an optical densitometer and simple fabricated equipment. A wooden step wedge and metal pin were exposed to x-rays and their optical densities were measured. The results showed that simple fabricated equipment can determine parameters like dose, beam alignment, peak kilovoltage and tube current consistency without specialized quality control equipment. Optical density was directly proportional to factors like kilovoltage, tube charge and dose. Beam alignment was within acceptable limits. Therefore, simple fabricated devices can be used to establish quality protocols and monitor parameters in areas lacking quality control testing equipment.
In Vivo Optical Imaging from the Whole Animal to the Cellular Levelabhitris
This document discusses in vivo optical imaging techniques from whole animal to cellular levels. It begins by describing small animal and endoscopy/microscopy imaging approaches. It then discusses advantages of in vivo imaging such as being non-destructive and enabling repeated experimentation. Examples are provided of tumor growth and metastasis imaging in mice over time. Technical challenges of in vivo imaging like absorbance, scattering, autofluorescence, and motion artifacts are outlined along with solutions. Examples are provided of using fluorescent proteins and dyes for in vivo labeling and imaging. Near-infrared imaging is highlighted for its deep tissue penetration. Various whole animal and cellular imaging systems are introduced.
Cytation 3 combines automated digital microscopy and conventional microplate reading in one instrument. It features temperature control, gas control, orbital shaking, and support for time lapse studies, making it ideal for live-cell assays and research applications in cell biology. The instrument allows for hit-picking wells for imaging based on criteria to reduce data collection and image quality control. In contrast to complex interfaces, BioTek's Gen5 software is specifically designed for those familiar with microplate software and requires minimal training. Cytation 3 offers both high performance filter-based optics and high-flexibility monochromator optics for application versatility.
The PRIME center incorporates five departments - Radiology, Cell Biology, Nuclear Medicine, Rheumatology, and the Central Animal Laboratory - to provide multi-modal preclinical imaging. It aims to operate as a single-location facility with MRI, optical, PET, and SPECT imaging to allow experiments with transgenic animals and viruses. The center offers 7T and 11.7T MRI, multi-photon fluorescence microscopy, microPET/CT, microSPECT/CT, and an optical imaging system to study topics like tumor development, islet transplantation, infection models, and more. Researchers can access expertise and perform longitudinal studies with sub-cellular resolution across modalities to translate findings from small animals to human studies.
This document discusses quantitative image analysis techniques for extracting information from 2D, 3D, time-lapse, and spectral biological images captured with microscopes. Traditional manual analysis is time-consuming and prone to bias, while high-throughput experiments generate millions of images. Quantitative image analysis software is used to automatically measure rates of cell division, protein localization, responses to drugs, lineage tracing, motility, and more from images of samples like yeast strains, tissue cultures, and tumor biopsies to aid in applications such as disease detection, survival prediction, and embryogenesis tracing.
This document discusses quantitative image analysis techniques for extracting information from 2D, 3D, time-lapse, and spectral biological images captured with microscopes. Traditional manual analysis is time-consuming and prone to bias, while high-throughput experiments generate millions of images. Quantitative image analysis software is used to automatically measure rates of cell division, protein localization, responses to drugs, lineage tracing, motility, and more from images of samples like yeast strains, tissue cultures, and tumor biopsies to aid in applications such as disease detection, survival prediction, and embryogenesis tracing.
The document describes the UMKA scanning tunneling microscope system. It has nanoscale resolution, can scan areas up to 7μm x 7μm, and is used for research and training purposes. The system includes a scanning head, electronic control unit, software, samples, and accessories. It is used across various fields including biology, semiconductors, polymers, and more to image surfaces at the atomic scale.
This document discusses radioisotopes, their formation and applications. It provides examples of common radioisotopes like hydrogen-3, americium-241 and gold-198 and their half-lives. It also describes different types of radiation like alpha particles and beta rays. Applications of radioisotopes discussed include medical uses like cancer treatment and seed irradiation to kill harmful microorganisms. The document also briefly touches on cyclotrons used to produce medical radioisotopes and how radiation is used to change the color of gemstones.
Brachytherapy involves placing radioactive sources inside or near the target tissue. It began in 1898 with radium and has evolved with different radioactive isotopes and delivery methods. Common isotopes used today include iridium-192, cesium-137, palladium-103, iodine-125, and gold-198, which are used for interstitial, intracavitary, or permanent implantation depending on the clinical application and isotope properties.
The document describes the synthesis and testing of a photoaffinity probe to help determine the specific amino acid residues near the binding site of the neurotoxin batrachotoxin (BTX) in voltage-gated sodium ion channels. Researchers developed a synthetic route for a diazirine photoaffinity probe and coupled it with BTX. Upon activation with UV light, the probe can covalently cross-link to the nearest amino acid residue in the BTX binding site. Analysis of the cross-linked residues using mass spectrometry could reveal the specific molecular contacts between BTX and the channel pore. The probe was successfully synthesized and testing of its coupling with BTX and ability to cross-link is pending.
This document discusses molecular biology techniques. It begins by outlining the learning objectives, which are to list techniques used in molecular biology and describe microscopy, centrifugation, extraction, electrophoresis, and chromatography. It then provides details on each technique, including their purposes and basic procedures. Microscopy is used to produce magnified images of cells and structures. Centrifugation separates substances by density. Extraction isolates molecules like DNA, RNA, and proteins. Electrophoresis separates charged substances using an electric field. Chromatography separates mixtures based on interactions with a solid or liquid medium.
The testo 881 is a versatile thermal imager with good image quality. It has a 160 x 120 pixel detector, temperature measurement accuracy of less than 50 mK, and interchangeable lenses. Additional features include a digital camera, power LEDs, humidity measurement, and the ability to measure temperatures up to 550°C with an optional high temperature measurement. The testo 881 provides thermal images and real images to analyze temperature differences and capture measurement data.
This document discusses the use of gold nanoparticles for the treatment of cancer. It begins with an introduction to cancer and the side effects of traditional chemotherapy and radiation treatments. It then discusses how nanotechnology can be used to develop targeted drug delivery systems using gold nanoparticles. The document outlines the properties of gold nanoparticles that make them suitable for photothermal therapy applications for cancer treatment, including their ability to absorb light and generate heat. It also discusses the different types of gold nanoparticles, methods for synthesizing and characterizing them, and their potential applications and progress in cancer treatment.
Synthesis & Heating Mechanisms of Magnetic Nanoparticles in Hyperthermia Trea...Nikita Gupta
This document summarizes research on synthesizing magnetic nanoparticles for use in hyperthermia cancer treatment. It discusses two samples of magnesium ferrite nanoparticles synthesized via co-precipitation at different temperatures and concentrations. Characterization with XRD and VSM showed the samples had hexagonal structure and increasing magnetization with higher sintering temperature. In hyperthermia experiments, both samples saw increased temperature over time with applied alternating magnetic fields, with better results at higher frequencies above 500 kHz needed to effectively treat cancer.
This slide deals with different aspects of Comsol Multiphysics and it's possibility in the future as multiple physics properties can be studied simultaneously with the help of different inbuilt or user-defined modules in this software.
Magnetic fluid hyperthermia for cancer therapyolga joy labajo
This document discusses magnetic fluid hyperthermia for cancer treatment. It presents the basic ideas of using magnetic fluid hyperthermia with an alternating magnetic field to preferentially heat tumor tissue. It examines the power losses that occur during heating, including dielectric, hysteresis, and relaxation losses. It then presents a numerical analysis using a simplified female breast phantom model and dielectric parameters to simulate the distribution of power density in the tissues. The analysis shows that the power density in the cancerous tissue is about 8,000 times higher when using magnetic fluid compared to without it, meaning eddy current effects are negligible and magnetic heating is dominant for raising the tumor temperature for therapeutic purposes.
The document analyzes the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from magnetic nanoparticles exposed to an alternating magnetic field and its role in intracellular hyperthermia. Key findings include:
1) Exposure to an AMF increased ROS production kinetics from nanoparticles faster than theoretical predictions, indicating AMF exposure improves ROS generation.
2) In vitro assays found that as nanoparticle concentration increased, ROS generation and cell viability both decreased in colon cancer cells, though with large variability.
3) The hypotheses that AMF heating of nanoparticles increases ROS production through Fenton and Haber-Weiss reactions, contributing to the toxicity of intracellular hyperthermia, are explored.
tumor on his eye. It was big and ugly. After several treatments with Dr. Cyrus, his tumor has gone away. Please, if you know someone suffering from a tumor, I recommend Beverly Hills Thermal Medicine, using Breakthrough advancements in cancer treatments.
Hyperthermia, a generally non-invasive gentle treatment, raises tumor temperature to approximately 108 degrees Fahrenheit, a temperature similar to high fever. This kills many cancer cells since many of them are stressed cells for reasons such as poorly structured blood vessels which restricts the amount of oxygen and nutrients available to them. Heat also helps to expose the tumor antigens (a substance that induces an immune response) so an effective immune response can be mounted by the immune system of the body.
Radiation treatments become decidedly more effective (in some cases improving the results by 44%) when combined with hyperthermia. Radiation requires oxygen to effectively destroy tumors. Hyperthermia causes the dilation of the tumor blood vessels which increases the availability of oxygen. Radiation interacts with oxygen to create chemicals that cause the death of cancer cells. Hyperthermia also disables the tumor cells ability to repair any damage caused by radiation so these cells can perish.
Chemotherapy treatments markedly benefit from dilation of tumor blood vessels so chemotherapeutic drugs can get to the center of a tumor. Additionally, heat makes the cell membrane of the tumor cells more porous so even more chemotherapeutic drugs can enter the tumors cells to destroy them.
The idea of using heat as a curative modality is not new, and is based on the natural response of the body to disease. In fact, Hippocrates, the “father of medicine” said, “What is not cured by the knife, may be cured by fire.” The ancient Egyptians also recorded using heat for healing in their hieroglyphic texts. And now, 30 years of modern scientific research has determined that the combination of heat treatment with radiation and/or chemotherapy dramatically improves cancer treatment response rates by as much as 44% - without side effects.
With close to 30 years of experience, Cyrus Rafie, is a pioneer in the treatment of cancer using hyperthermia and has participated in the treatment of over 2,500 cancer patients from all over the world. Our unique approach offers an alternative to the traditional cancer treatment options in the most beautiful and technologically advanced facility available.
Thermal therapy is FDA approved and covered by most insurance, and has proven to be effective on a variety of different types of cancer and has exhibited marked results. In some studies, it has doubled a patient's response rate to radiation therapy: increasing survival, eliminating tumor sites, shrinking tumors and offering palliation. Increased survival and improved response rate has been clinically shown in these areas: Head and neck, thyroid, prostate, breast, axilla, chest, cervical and gynecological, colon, throat, melanoma, base of tongue, among others.
Contact (888) 580-5900 or visit http://www.bhthermalmedicine@gmail.com
Hyperthermia, a non-invasive gentle cancer treatment, raises tumor temperature to approximately 110 degrees Fahrenheit, a temperature similar to a high fever.
The Center for Thermal Oncology 888-580-5900
The document is about external beam hyperthermia cancer treatment from the Center for Thermal Oncology. The center uses hyperthermia therapy, also known as heat treatment, to improve outcomes when combined with traditional cancer treatments like radiation and chemotherapy. Studies show hyperthermia can improve response rates to other therapies by up to 44% without additional side effects. The center uniquely provides hyperthermia as a standalone treatment and coordinates with patients' existing physicians.
introduction to nano technology Gold NPs and its dependence upon laser pulse, synthesis and characterization through XRD, SEM. applications of Gold NPs,
Nanoparticles are particles between 1 and 100 nanometers in size that can be used as a drug delivery system. Using nanoparticles provides controlled and sustained drug release, alters organ distribution to increase efficacy and reduce side effects. It allows drugs to be incorporated without chemical reactions, improves solubility, prolongs drug circulation, and provides patient comfort while improving drug performance over conventional methods. Magnetic nanoparticles can be manipulated using magnetic fields and consist of elements like iron, nickel, and cobalt. They are synthesized through methods like co-precipitation and thermal decomposition and have potential medical uses such as capturing and removing cancer cells.
1) Melanoma is the fastest growing cancer in the United States, with over 52,000 new cases and 8,100 deaths annually. Current treatments are largely ineffective for advanced cases.
2) Triad Immunologies and UCSD researchers are developing a combination therapy using hyperthermia from dengue fever and dendritic cell vaccines to activate the immune system to kill melanoma cells.
3) The therapy aims to use fever to kill 50% of cancer cells, then activate billions of killer cells to eliminate the remaining tumors by addressing the 8 mechanisms cancers use to evade the immune system.
Numerical simulation of blood flow in flexible arteries using Fluid-Structure...Mostafa Ghadamyari
We'll model and simulate a simple artery using pressure-based and velocity-based inlet profiles by Adina systems, Comsol Multiphysics, Ansys CFX & structural coupling and Ansys Fluent & structural coupling.
Learn how hyperthermia treatments (thermal therapy) can dramatically improve your response to radiation or chemotherapy. There are several mechanisms for action with how this treatment works biologically, and some cancers respond better than others. Contact Cyrus Rafie at (888) 580-5900 or visit http://www.bhthermalmedicine.com
Hyperthermia involves heating tumors to temperatures between 41-45°C (106-113°F) to boost radiation therapy and chemotherapy. It works by inhibiting DNA damage repair, improving drug uptake, enhancing immune responses, reducing hypoxic tumor volumes, and redistributing cell cycles. Clinical evidence shows adding hyperthermia improves response rates for various cancers, including advanced cervical, breast, soft tissue sarcoma, head and neck, bladder, and anal cancers. Hyperthermia is delivered using electromagnetic or ultrasound techniques to generate heat in targeted tumor areas. It is established as a treatment option around the world, with over 80 hyperthermia centers currently operating.
Review paper on the applications and challenges of gold nanoparticles in medicine and dentistry.
Gold nanoparticles is a game-changer in delivering patient care. Its versatility can be put to use in diagnosis, imaging and treatment of various conditions. It relatively recent innovation although gold is a metal that has had a lot of meaning in human civilisation.With a lot of potential left unexplored one has to what and watch the miracles this breakthrough has in store for medical science.
Hyperthermia, defined as elevating temperature above normal physiological levels, can be used to directly kill cancer cells or sensitize them to radiation and chemotherapy. Key points:
- Temperatures of 40-45°C can directly kill cells in a time and temperature dependent manner.
- Lower temperatures of 40-43°C do not directly kill cells but can sensitize them to radiation by improving oxygenation and inhibiting DNA damage repair.
- Hyperthermia can also sensitize cells to chemotherapy by increasing drug uptake and oxygen radical production.
- The combination of hyperthermia with radiation and chemotherapy has shown improved local tumor control compared to these treatments alone.
The document discusses the use of gold nanoparticles for cancer detection and treatment. It describes how gold nanoparticles can be functionalized with antibodies to detect specific cancer types by binding to protein markers on cancer cells. Laser-activated gold nanoparticles may also be used to destroy cancer cells through localized heating. The document also mentions potential applications for targeted drug delivery and angiogenesis inhibition. Overall, the document outlines how the optical and structural properties of gold nanoparticles can be exploited for cancer diagnosis and therapy.
Presentación sobre el láser médico de diodo para depilación "Vectus", a cargo de la Dra. Josefina Royo de la Torre, subdirectora de Instituto Médico Láser, en el VI Simposio de Palomar Medical Inc.-
Presentation "Vectus Diode Laser": details of the new system for permanent hair removal.
Nanotechnology implementation in photodynamic therapy ghada moneerghada altoukhy
Photo dynamic therapy is old modality using up tel now.e
this presentation will give lights on the PDT from the beginning up to date and overcome the disadvantages by using new modality of treatment by nanotechnology.
The Bordeaux Imaging Center (BIC) provides light and electron microscopy resources and services. It has various microscopy devices including 14 light microscopes and 4 electron microscopes. The BIC's missions are to offer sample preparation, training, and research and development services. It has expertise in techniques such as cryo-preparation, correlative microscopy, and immuno-staining. The Electronic Imaging Unit focuses on transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy of biological and materials samples. It assists with sample preparation, microscopy, and data analysis.
Radiopharmaceuticals are medical formulations containing radioactive isotopes. They consist of a radionuclide paired with a pharmaceutical compound. Radiopharmaceuticals can be used for both diagnostic imaging and cancer treatment. The document discusses radioactive decay, ideal properties for diagnostic radiotracers, production methods, quality control testing, and applications of radiopharmaceuticals like PET and SPECT imaging. It also provides an overview of the journey of a radiopharmaceutical from production to use in the human body and detection via scanning equipment.
The document discusses using transgenic plants to detect landmines. It outlines two approaches: promoter fusion, where explosive-activated promoters control reporter genes, and synthetic receptors, where synthetic receptors in plants bind explosives and activate reporters. A 24-month plan is proposed with a budget of LE 591,000 to collect plant samples, produce transgenic plants, test responses to explosives, and evaluate plants in minefields. The goal is to develop a low-cost, effective method for detecting landmines using bioengineered plants.
Using multiple imaging techniques, the study found:
1) Fluorescence microscopy with transgenic mice expressing fluorescent reporters allowed visualization of axonal damage over time.
2) Confocal microscopy revealed reactive changes in axotomized neurons such as sprouting.
3) Multi-photon microscopy enabled in vivo and in vitro imaging at greater depths with less phototoxicity.
A brief intoducation on Radiopharmaceutical including types of radiation, isotopes, manufacturing, Quality control , and equipments for measurement of radioactivity and Application of radiopharmaceuticals.
Infrared thermography for damage detection in structural concreteNmt321
This document discusses using infrared thermography (IRT) to detect damage in structural concrete. IRT detects infrared radiation emitted from objects and converts it to a thermal image using an IR camera. The document describes active IRT, which uses an external heat source, and passive IRT, which relies on ambient heat. An experiment is presented using active IRT to detect defects in a concrete specimen by monitoring temperature distribution during heating. IRT has many applications in construction, security, navigation, law enforcement and more due to its non-contact inspection ability and potential to detect subsurface issues.
The document discusses the application of nanotechnology in biosensors. It begins by defining nanotechnology and biosensors. Nanoparticles are gaining interest in biosensing applications due to their size-dependent properties. Standard procedures for detection are time-consuming, non-specific, costly, and require trained personnel. Nanoparticles can be used to develop micro/nanobiosensors that are fast, inexpensive, simple to use, efficient, and portable. Various types of nanoparticles and detection techniques using nanoparticles like fluorescence, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and potentiometric analysis are then described.
The document discusses the application of nanotechnology in biosensors. It begins by defining nanotechnology and biosensors. Nanoparticles are gaining interest in biosensing applications due to their size-dependent properties. Standard procedures for detection are time-consuming, non-specific, costly, and require trained personnel. Nanoparticles can be used to develop micro/nanobiosensors that are fast, inexpensive, simple to use, efficient, and portable. Various types of nanoparticles and detection techniques using nanoparticles like fluorescence, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and potentiometric analysis are then described.
The document discusses the application of nanotechnology in biosensors. It begins by defining nanotechnology and biosensors. Nanoparticles are gaining interest in biosensing applications due to their size-dependent properties. Standard procedures for detection are time-consuming, non-specific, costly, and require trained personnel. Nanoparticles can be used to develop micro/nanobiosensors that are fast, inexpensive, simple to use, efficient, and portable. Various types of nanoparticles and detection techniques using nanoparticles like fluorescence, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and potentiometric analysis are then described.
Prezantimi im në ECR 2014 '' Molecular MRI ''Nikolàs Qezi
Molecular MRI is a special type of MRI that allows visualization of biological processes at the cellular and nano-molar level. It uses probes and contrast agents that can target and image biological and anatomical targets in vivo as well as dynamic events. A recent study evaluated molecular MRI's ability to differentiate VEGFR-2 levels in untreated gliomas in mice. The study confirmed that in vivo VEGFR-2 levels can be monitored to evaluate cancer therapies. Molecular MRI offers advantages over other imaging modalities when used with high sensitivity equipment and nano-molar level contrast agents to detect molecular targets.
Case Method Power Point Topic Instrumental Chemistry PhysicsLamsyahAbdilhafiz
This case method discusses the use of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to analyze organic materials. Two journal articles are summarized. The first article describes analyzing lumbricus rubellus, an earthworm, using FTIR to observe changes in its chemical structure from heating. Samples were heated to varying temperatures and their FTIR spectra were compared. The second article details developing and validating an FTIR method for identifying and quantifying metformin hydrochloride in pharmaceutical tablets. The method was tested for accuracy, precision, linearity, and other validation parameters. Both articles demonstrate how FTIR can be used to characterize organic materials and compounds.
This document describes the design and testing of a fiber optic probe to measure metabolic properties of human carotid plaque. The probe was designed to interrogate a small tissue volume (<1 mm3) and determine pH and lactate concentration in vitro. Monte Carlo simulations were used to optimize probe geometry for depth penetration. Several probe designs were tested and a final probe with a 50 micron source-receiver separation was chosen. Human carotid plaques were studied in vitro to validate experimental stability over 4 hours. The probe and experimental methods achieved the stability criteria of less than 0.03 pH change and 0.4°C temperature change per hour, demonstrating feasibility for optical spectroscopy of plaque metabolism.
This document describes the design and testing of a fiber optic probe to measure metabolic properties of human carotid plaque. The probe was designed to interrogate a small tissue volume (<1 mm3) and determine pH and lactate concentration in vitro. Monte Carlo simulations were used to model light propagation in tissue and optimize probe geometry. Several probe designs were tested and a final probe with a 50 micron source-receiver separation was chosen. Human carotid plaques were studied in vitro to validate experimental stability over 4 hours. The probe and experimental methods achieved the stability criteria of less than 0.03 pH change and 0.4°C temperature change per hour, demonstrating feasibility for optical determination of metabolic status in vulnerable plaque.
151 performance of a localized fiber opticSHAPE Society
This document describes the design and testing of a fiber optic probe to measure metabolic markers in human carotid plaque tissue samples in vitro. The probe was designed to interrogate a small volume of tissue (~1 mm3) and measure tissue lactate concentration and pH. Human plaque samples were collected and studied in a controlled in vitro setup to validate experimental stability over time. Optical absorption spectra were collected from plaque samples and related to reference measurements of lactate concentration and pH through multivariate calibration models, achieving accurate predictions. The fiber optic probe design and in vitro experimental methods were able to precisely measure metabolic markers for characterization of plaque vulnerability.
Different Laboratory Equipment used in Toxicology and Molecular BiologyMuhammad Kamran (Sial)
This document describes various types of laboratory equipment used in toxicology and molecular biology. It discusses personal protective equipment, volume measuring tools like beakers and volumetric flasks, microscopes for identification, analyzers like microplate readers and electrophoresis apparatus, chromatography equipment, and other tools like refrigerators, sterilizers, and centrifuges. The functions, components, principles, and applications of these different pieces of equipment are explained.
Programming Foundation Models with DSPy - Meetup SlidesZilliz
Prompting language models is hard, while programming language models is easy. In this talk, I will discuss the state-of-the-art framework DSPy for programming foundation models with its powerful optimizers and runtime constraint system.
Infrastructure Challenges in Scaling RAG with Custom AI modelsZilliz
Building Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems with open-source and custom AI models is a complex task. This talk explores the challenges in productionizing RAG systems, including retrieval performance, response synthesis, and evaluation. We’ll discuss how to leverage open-source models like text embeddings, language models, and custom fine-tuned models to enhance RAG performance. Additionally, we’ll cover how BentoML can help orchestrate and scale these AI components efficiently, ensuring seamless deployment and management of RAG systems in the cloud.
TrustArc Webinar - 2024 Global Privacy SurveyTrustArc
How does your privacy program stack up against your peers? What challenges are privacy teams tackling and prioritizing in 2024?
In the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey, we asked over 1,800 global privacy professionals and business executives to share their perspectives on the current state of privacy inside and outside of their organizations. This year’s report focused on emerging areas of importance for privacy and compliance professionals, including considerations and implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, building brand trust, and different approaches for achieving higher privacy competence scores.
See how organizational priorities and strategic approaches to data security and privacy are evolving around the globe.
This webinar will review:
- The top 10 privacy insights from the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey
- The top challenges for privacy leaders, practitioners, and organizations in 2024
- Key themes to consider in developing and maintaining your privacy program
Full-RAG: A modern architecture for hyper-personalizationZilliz
Mike Del Balso, CEO & Co-Founder at Tecton, presents "Full RAG," a novel approach to AI recommendation systems, aiming to push beyond the limitations of traditional models through a deep integration of contextual insights and real-time data, leveraging the Retrieval-Augmented Generation architecture. This talk will outline Full RAG's potential to significantly enhance personalization, address engineering challenges such as data management and model training, and introduce data enrichment with reranking as a key solution. Attendees will gain crucial insights into the importance of hyperpersonalization in AI, the capabilities of Full RAG for advanced personalization, and strategies for managing complex data integrations for deploying cutting-edge AI solutions.
How to Get CNIC Information System with Paksim Ga.pptxdanishmna97
Pakdata Cf is a groundbreaking system designed to streamline and facilitate access to CNIC information. This innovative platform leverages advanced technology to provide users with efficient and secure access to their CNIC details.
Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success StorySafe Software
Are you ready to revolutionize how you handle data? Join us for a webinar where we’ll bring you up to speed with the latest advancements in Generative AI technology and discover how leveraging FME with tools from giants like Google Gemini, Amazon, and Microsoft OpenAI can supercharge your workflow efficiency.
During the hour, we’ll take you through:
Guest Speaker Segment with Hannah Barrington: Dive into the world of dynamic real estate marketing with Hannah, the Marketing Manager at Workspace Group. Hear firsthand how their team generates engaging descriptions for thousands of office units by integrating diverse data sources—from PDF floorplans to web pages—using FME transformers, like OpenAIVisionConnector and AnthropicVisionConnector. This use case will show you how GenAI can streamline content creation for marketing across the board.
Ollama Use Case: Learn how Scenario Specialist Dmitri Bagh has utilized Ollama within FME to input data, create custom models, and enhance security protocols. This segment will include demos to illustrate the full capabilities of FME in AI-driven processes.
Custom AI Models: Discover how to leverage FME to build personalized AI models using your data. Whether it’s populating a model with local data for added security or integrating public AI tools, find out how FME facilitates a versatile and secure approach to AI.
We’ll wrap up with a live Q&A session where you can engage with our experts on your specific use cases, and learn more about optimizing your data workflows with AI.
This webinar is ideal for professionals seeking to harness the power of AI within their data management systems while ensuring high levels of customization and security. Whether you're a novice or an expert, gain actionable insights and strategies to elevate your data processes. Join us to see how FME and AI can revolutionize how you work with data!
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FMESafe Software
In this second installment of our Essentials of Automations webinar series, we’ll explore the landscape of triggers and actions, guiding you through the nuances of authoring and adapting workspaces for seamless automations. Gain an understanding of the full spectrum of triggers and actions available in FME, empowering you to enhance your workspaces for efficient automation.
We’ll kick things off by showcasing the most commonly used event-based triggers, introducing you to various automation workflows like manual triggers, schedules, directory watchers, and more. Plus, see how these elements play out in real scenarios.
Whether you’re tweaking your current setup or building from the ground up, this session will arm you with the tools and insights needed to transform your FME usage into a powerhouse of productivity. Join us to discover effective strategies that simplify complex processes, enhancing your productivity and transforming your data management practices with FME. Let’s turn complexity into clarity and make your workspaces work wonders!
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
available on those devices, but many of the features provide convenience and capability but sacrifice security. This best practices guide outlines steps the users can take to better protect personal devices and information.
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-und-domino-lizenzkostenreduzierung-in-der-welt-von-dlau/
DLAU und die Lizenzen nach dem CCB- und CCX-Modell sind für viele in der HCL-Community seit letztem Jahr ein heißes Thema. Als Notes- oder Domino-Kunde haben Sie vielleicht mit unerwartet hohen Benutzerzahlen und Lizenzgebühren zu kämpfen. Sie fragen sich vielleicht, wie diese neue Art der Lizenzierung funktioniert und welchen Nutzen sie Ihnen bringt. Vor allem wollen Sie sicherlich Ihr Budget einhalten und Kosten sparen, wo immer möglich. Das verstehen wir und wir möchten Ihnen dabei helfen!
Wir erklären Ihnen, wie Sie häufige Konfigurationsprobleme lösen können, die dazu führen können, dass mehr Benutzer gezählt werden als nötig, und wie Sie überflüssige oder ungenutzte Konten identifizieren und entfernen können, um Geld zu sparen. Es gibt auch einige Ansätze, die zu unnötigen Ausgaben führen können, z. B. wenn ein Personendokument anstelle eines Mail-Ins für geteilte Mailboxen verwendet wird. Wir zeigen Ihnen solche Fälle und deren Lösungen. Und natürlich erklären wir Ihnen das neue Lizenzmodell.
Nehmen Sie an diesem Webinar teil, bei dem HCL-Ambassador Marc Thomas und Gastredner Franz Walder Ihnen diese neue Welt näherbringen. Es vermittelt Ihnen die Tools und das Know-how, um den Überblick zu bewahren. Sie werden in der Lage sein, Ihre Kosten durch eine optimierte Domino-Konfiguration zu reduzieren und auch in Zukunft gering zu halten.
Diese Themen werden behandelt
- Reduzierung der Lizenzkosten durch Auffinden und Beheben von Fehlkonfigurationen und überflüssigen Konten
- Wie funktionieren CCB- und CCX-Lizenzen wirklich?
- Verstehen des DLAU-Tools und wie man es am besten nutzt
- Tipps für häufige Problembereiche, wie z. B. Team-Postfächer, Funktions-/Testbenutzer usw.
- Praxisbeispiele und Best Practices zum sofortigen Umsetzen
AI 101: An Introduction to the Basics and Impact of Artificial IntelligenceIndexBug
Imagine a world where machines not only perform tasks but also learn, adapt, and make decisions. This is the promise of Artificial Intelligence (AI), a technology that's not just enhancing our lives but revolutionizing entire industries.
Goodbye Windows 11: Make Way for Nitrux Linux 3.5.0!SOFTTECHHUB
As the digital landscape continually evolves, operating systems play a critical role in shaping user experiences and productivity. The launch of Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 marks a significant milestone, offering a robust alternative to traditional systems such as Windows 11. This article delves into the essence of Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, exploring its unique features, advantages, and how it stands as a compelling choice for both casual users and tech enthusiasts.
Sudheer Mechineni, Head of Application Frameworks, Standard Chartered Bank
Discover how Standard Chartered Bank harnessed the power of Neo4j to transform complex data access challenges into a dynamic, scalable graph database solution. This keynote will cover their journey from initial adoption to deploying a fully automated, enterprise-grade causal cluster, highlighting key strategies for modelling organisational changes and ensuring robust disaster recovery. Learn how these innovations have not only enhanced Standard Chartered Bank’s data infrastructure but also positioned them as pioneers in the banking sector’s adoption of graph technology.
Pushing the limits of ePRTC: 100ns holdover for 100 daysAdtran
At WSTS 2024, Alon Stern explored the topic of parametric holdover and explained how recent research findings can be implemented in real-world PNT networks to achieve 100 nanoseconds of accuracy for up to 100 days.
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
- Tips for common problem areas, like team mailboxes, functional/test users, etc
- Practical examples and best practices to implement right away
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAU
Bios 7901 - 12
1. Energy-based Treatment of Tissue and Assessment VI
Modelling and characterization of photothermal
effects assisted with gold nanorods in ex-vivo
samples and in a murine model
AUTHORS:
Félix Rodríguez Jara1, Horacio Lamela Rivera2 and
Vincent Cunningham3
1felix.rjara@alumnos.uc3m.es
2horacio@ing.uc3m.es
3vcunning.uc3m.es
OPTOELECTRONICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY GROUP
ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT
San Francisco (CA), January 23th, 2011
2. 0. General Index.
1. Introduction
General Index:
1.1 The Motivation
1.2 The hyperthermia
technique.
1.3 The Photo-thermal
therapy system.
1.4 Nanotechnology
in Photo-thermal
therapy.
1.5 The Design.
1. Introduction
2. Opto-thermal
modelling for
photo-thermal 2. Opto-thermal modelling for Photo-Thermal Therapy
therapy.
2.1 Approach
2.2 Finite Element
Modelling.
3. Experimental Results
3. Experimental
Results.
3.1 Experimental Set-
up.
3.2 Experimental
4. Conclusions and Future Work
Results – ex-vivo
3.3 Experimental
Results – in-vivo
4. Conclusions and
Future Work
Modelling and characterization of photothermal effects assisted with
1 gold nanorods in ex-vivo samples and in a murine model
3. 0. General Index.
1. Introduction
General Index:
1.1 The Motivation
1.2 The hyperthermia
technique.
1.3 The Photo-thermal
therapy system.
1.4 Nanotechnology
in Photo-thermal
therapy.
1.5 The Design.
2. Opto-thermal
modelling for
photo-thermal
therapy.
2.1 Approach
2.2 Finite Element
Modelling.
3. Experimental
Results.
1. Introduction
3.1 Experimental Set-
up.
3.2 Experimental
Results – ex-vivo
3.3 Experimental
Results – in-vivo
4. Conclusions and
Future Work
Modelling and characterization of photothermal effects assisted with
2 gold nanorods in ex-vivo samples and in a murine model
4. 0. General Index.
1. Introduction
1.1 The Motivation.
1.1 The Motivation
1.2 The hyperthermia
technique.
1.3 The Photo-thermal
therapy system. CANCER, one of the main causes of mortality all around the world.
1.4 Nanotechnology
in Photo-thermal
therapy.
- 7.4 Millions out of the total deaths per year ≈ 13 % (WHO)
1.5 The Design.
2. Opto-thermal
modelling for Need of investigation in new therapy techniques
photo-thermal
therapy. Mortality and side effects
2.1 Approach
2.2 Finite Element
Modelling.
Number of patients that can be trated
3. Experimental
Results. Laser hyperthermia technique
3.1 Experimental Set-
up.
3.2 Experimental
Results – ex-vivo
3.3 Experimental
Results – in-vivo Collaboration with a specialized Company in
4. Conclusions and Animal models
Future Work
- Good Laboratory Practices (GLP)
- Qualified Staff
- Ethical Committee
Modelling and characterization of photothermal effects assisted with
3 gold nanorods in ex-vivo samples and in a murine model
5. 0. General Index.
1. Introduction
1.2 The hyperthermia technique: the GOAL
1.1 The Motivation
1.2 The hyperthermia
technique.
1.3 The Photo-thermal
therapy system.
1.4 Nanotechnology
in Photo-thermal
Hyperthermia temperature Tumoral Cell death
therapy. (from 42ºC to 65 ºC)
1.5 The Design.
held during various minutes
2. Opto-thermal GOAL: 80% Tumour
(3-10’)
modelling for
photo-thermal
tissue ablation
therapy.
2.1 Approach
2.2 Finite Element
Modelling. 42 ºC – 65 ºC
3. Experimental
Results. Tumour
3.1 Experimental Set-
up.
3.2 Experimental
Results – ex-vivo
3.3 Experimental
37 ºC
Results – in-vivo
5-10 mm
4. Conclusions and
Future Work
Biological Tissue
Hyperthermia temperature selected:
55 ºC
ESTUDIO EXPERIMENTAL DE TÉCNICAS LÁSER PARA TERAPIA
4 CÁNCER EN RATONES UTILIZANDO NANOPARTÍCULAS DE ORO
6. 0. General Index.
1.2 The Hyperthermia Technique: State-of-
1. Introduction
1.1 The Motivation The-Art
1.2 The hyperthermia
technique.
1.3 The Photo-thermal
therapy system.
1.4 Nanotechnology
in Photo-thermal
therapy. Registro Tª
1.5 The Design. Láseres alta potencia
estado sólido (Nd:YAG, OPO)
2. Opto-thermal
modelling for
photo-thermal
therapy.
2.1 Approach Radiofrecuencia
2.2 Finite Element
Modelling. Ultrasonidos (HIFU)
3. Experimental
Fibra óptica + Difusor
Results.
3.1 Experimental Set-
up.
3.2 Experimental
Results – ex-vivo
3.3 Experimental
Tumor
Results – in-vivo
4. Conclusions and Tejido biológico
Future Work
- Low selectivity
- Use high amounts of energy
- Very expensive devices with big dimensions
Modelling and characterization of photothermal effects assisted with
5 gold nanorods in ex-vivo samples and in a murine model
7. 0. General Index.
1. Introduction
1.3 The Photo-thermal Therapy System
1.1 The Motivation
1.2 The hyperthermia
technique.
1.3 The Photo-thermal
therapy system.
1.4 Nanotechnology HIGH
in Photo-thermal POWER
therapy. LASER
1.5 The Design.
DIODE
2. Opto-thermal
modelling for
photo-thermal
therapy.
2.1 Approach
2.2 Finite Element Temperature
Modelling. Register
3. Experimental Superficial
Results.
λ= 808
3.1 Experimental Set-
nm
up.
3.2 Experimental
Results – ex-vivo
3.3 Experimental
Results – in-vivo
Nanoparticle
Interna infusion:
4. Conclusions and Intratumoural or
Future Work Intravenous ?
Biological
Tissue
Modelling and characterization of photothermal effects assisted with
6 gold nanorods in ex-vivo samples and in a murine model
8. 0. General Index.
1. Introduction
1.4 Nanotechnology in Photo-Thermal Therapy
1.1 The Motivation
1.2 The hyperthermia
technique.
1.3 The Photo-thermal
therapy system.
1.4 Nanotechnology
Gold Nanoparticles
GOLD NANORODS
in Photo-thermal
therapy.
1.5 The Design. Tuned optical
EFFICIENCY POWER
2. Opto-thermal absorbance
modelling for
photo-thermal
therapy.
2.1 Approach
2.2 Finite Element
Modelling.
3. Experimental
Results.
3.1 Experimental Set-
up.
3.2 Experimental
Results – ex-vivo Fig. adapted of “Cancer Research”, 69(9):1-9, (2009)
3.3 Experimental
Results – in-vivo 1.5
- Passive A A Longitudinal
4. Conclusions and
Surface Plasmon
Future Work
- Harmless
1
Absorción [cm -1]
Resonance Peak
B B Axial
0.5
Surface Plasmon
Resonance Peak
0
400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100
Longitud de onda [nm]
Modelling and characterization of photothermal effects assisted with
7 gold nanorods in ex-vivo samples and in a murine model
9. 0. General Index.
1. Introduction
1.5 The Design: Experimental studies
1.1 The Motivation
1.2 The hyperthermia
technique.
1.3 The Photo-thermal
therapy system.
1.4 Nanotechnology
in Photo-thermal
therapy.
1.5 The Design.
2. Opto-thermal
modelling for
photo-thermal
therapy. Efficiency Study Efficacy Study
2.1 Approach
2.2 Finite Element
Modelling.
CT-26 COLON CANCER
OPTIMIZE THE SET-UP
3. Experimental XENOGRAFT STUDIES
Results.
3.1 Experimental Set- - Number of animales for group -> Statistics - Tumour size?
up.
3.2 Experimental
Results – ex-vivo
- System design in terms of efficiency: - Stops Tumor growing?
3.3 Experimental
Results – in-vivo (Power, Irradiance, Nanoparticle Concentration) - Ablation of the tumoral tissue?
4. Conclusions and - Therapy parameters
Future Work
(Exposure time, way of application)
- Ethical Committee (international directives of
animal handling) -> HEATING UP, NOT BURNING
OR CHARRRING
ESTUDIO EXPERIMENTAL DE TÉCNICAS LÁSER PARA TERAPIA
8 CÁNCER EN RATONES UTILIZANDO NANOPARTÍCULAS DE ORO
10. 0. General Index.
1. Introduction
General Index:
1.1 The Motivation
1.2 The hyperthermia
technique.
1.3 The Photo-thermal
therapy system.
1.4 Nanotechnology
in Photo-thermal
therapy.
1.5 The Design.
2. Opto-thermal
modelling for
photo-thermal
therapy.
2.1 Approach
2.2 Finite Element
Modelling.
3. Experimental
2. Opto-thermal Modelling for
Results.
3.1 Experimental Set-
up.
3.2 Experimental
Photo-Thermal Therapy
Results – ex-vivo
3.3 Experimental
Results – in-vivo
4. Conclusions and
Future Work
ESTUDIO EXPERIMENTAL DE TÉCNICAS LÁSER PARA TERAPIA
10 CÁNCER EN RATONES UTILIZANDO NANOPARTÍCULAS DE ORO
11. 0. General Index.
1. Introduction
2.1 Approach
1.1 The Motivation
1.2 The hyperthermia
technique.
1.3 The Photo-thermal
therapy system.
1.4 Nanotechnology
in Photo-thermal
therapy.
Energy
Optical power, Temperature
1.5 The Design. Deposition Transferencia
Irradiance Fuentes térmicas
térmica
2. Opto-thermal P [W], I [W/cm2]
modelling for
photo-thermal
therapy. Optical properties Physical and thermal properties
2.1 Approach of the tissue of the tissue
2.2 Finite Element
Modelling.
µa [cm-1], µs [cm-1] ρ[kg/m ]C [JKg-1K-1, k [Wm-1K-1],
3
3. Experimental
Results. Thermal Source
3.1 Experimental Set-
up.
3.2 Experimental Optical Power
Results – ex-vivo
3.3 Experimental Thermal Energy
Results – in-vivo Transferred
Temp
4. Conclusions and
Future Work dV dV
Tissue absorption + Nanoparticles
µtotal = µtissue+µnanoparticles
Modelling and characterization of photothermal effects assisted with
11 gold nanorods in ex-vivo samples and in a murine model
12. 0. General Index.
1. Introduction
2.2 Finite Element Modelling (FEM)
1.1 The Motivation
1.2 The hyperthermia
technique.
1.3 The Photo-thermal
therapy system. - Less computational resources needed
1.4 Nanotechnology
in Photo-thermal
- It can be applied to complex geometries
therapy.
1.5 The Design.
2. Opto-thermal
modelling for Energetic
Initial Thermal
photo-thermal Contribution.
Temperature Energy
therapy. Laser energy
37 ºC transference
2.1 Approach absorption
2.2 Finite Element
Modelling.
3. Experimental
NO
Results.
3.1 Experimental Set- Stop time Temperatures
up.
3.2 Experimental reached? update
Results – ex-vivo
3.3 Experimental
Results – in-vivo
YES
4. Conclusions and
Future Work
Final
Temperature
Modelling and characterization of photothermal effects assisted with
14 gold nanorods in ex-vivo samples and in a murine model
13. 0. General Index.
1. Introduction
General Index:
1.1 The Motivation
1.2 The hyperthermia
technique.
1.3 The Photo-thermal
therapy system.
1.4 Nanotechnology
in Photo-thermal
therapy.
1.5 The Design.
2. Opto-thermal
modelling for
photo-thermal
therapy.
2.1 Approach
2.2 Finite Element
Modelling.
3. Experimental
3. Experimental Results
Results.
3.1 Experimental Set-
up.
3.2 Experimental
Results – ex-vivo
3.3 Experimental
Results – in-vivo
4. Conclusions and
Future Work
15
14. 0. General Index.
1. Introduction
3.1 Experimental Set-up (I)
1.1 The Motivation
1.2 The hyperthermia
technique.
1.3 The Photo-thermal
therapy system.
Optoelectronic General Schema
1.4 Nanotechnology Thermocouple
in Photo-thermal
therapy.
thermometer
1.5 The Design.
Sonda termopar
2. Opto-thermal
Lentes de hipodérmica
modelling for
photo-thermal Cabezal láser acoplo (HYP-1, Omega)
Soporte
therapy. (CNI-MDL-H-808-5000, CNI) d1
2.1 Approach
2.2 Finite Element Diámetro del haz
Modelling.
(FWHM)
d0
3. Experimental Fibra óptica
d2
Results. l1 l2
3.1 Experimental Set-
(CNI-SMA-Fibre-600, CNI)
up.
3.2 Experimental
Results – ex-vivo
l1 = l2 Tejido irradiado
3.3 Experimental f1= f2 = 2.54 cm
Results – in-vivo D1 = D2= 2.54 cm
Termómetro infrarrojo
4. Conclusions and
(OS-530LE, Omega)
Future Work
Driver
(PSU-H-LED, CNI)
Modelling and characterization of photothermal effects assisted with
16 gold nanorods in ex-vivo samples and in a murine model
15. 0. General Index.
1. Introduction
3.1 Experimental Set-up (II)
1.1 The Motivation
1.2 The hyperthermia
technique.
1.3 The Photo-thermal
therapy system.
Experimental Set-up for therapy application in ex-vivo tissue samples
1.4 Nanotechnology
in Photo-thermal
therapy.
1.5 The Design.
2. Opto-thermal
modelling for
photo-thermal
therapy.
2.1 Approach
2.2 Finite Element
Modelling.
3. Experimental
Results.
3.1 Experimental Set-
up.
3.2 Experimental
Results – ex-vivo
3.3 Experimental
Results – in-vivo
4. Conclusions and
Future Work
Modelling and characterization of photothermal effects assisted with
17 gold nanorods in ex-vivo samples and in a murine model
16. 0. General Index.
1. Introduction
3.1 Experimental Set-up (and III)
1.1 The Motivation
1.2 The hyperthermia
technique.
1.3 The Photo-thermal
therapy system.
Experimental set-up for therapy application in mice (in-vivo)
1.4 Nanotechnology
in Photo-thermal
therapy.
1.5 The Design.
2. Opto-thermal
modelling for
photo-thermal
therapy.
2.1 Approach
2.2 Finite Element
Modelling.
3. Experimental
Results.
3.1 Experimental Set-
up.
3.2 Experimental
Results – ex-vivo
3.3 Experimental
Results – in-vivo
4. Conclusions and
Future Work
Modelling and characterization of photothermal effects assisted with
18 gold nanorods in ex-vivo samples and in a murine model
17. 0. General Index.
3.1 Experimental Set-up:
1. Introduction
1.1 The Motivation Development Stages
1.2 The hyperthermia
technique.
1.3 The Photo-thermal
Develpment Stages of the Photo-Thermal Therapy System
therapy system.
1.4 Nanotechnology
in Photo-thermal
therapy. Requirements
1.5 The Design. and Goals Optimization loop
Optimization
of the
2. Opto-thermal
System
modelling for
photo-thermal
therapy.
2.1 Approach Concept, Design Biological Model
2.2 Finite Element Experimental
and Implementation ex-vivo
Modelling.
of the system (tissue samples) Results
3. Experimental
Results.
3.1 Experimental Set-
up.
3.2 Experimental
Results – ex-vivo
Experimental Biological Model
3.3 Experimental in-vivo
Results – in-vivo Results (ratones)
4. Conclusions and
Future Work
Optimization
Clinical
of the
Application System
(Human Beings)
Modelling and characterization of photothermal effects assisted with
19 gold nanorods in ex-vivo samples and in a murine model
18. 0. General Index.
1. Introduction
3.2 Experimental results - ex-vivo (I)
1.1 The Motivation
1.2 The hyperthermia
technique.
1.3 The Photo-thermal
therapy system.
Sample preparation:
1.4 Nanotechnology
in Photo-thermal - Fresh chicken muscle tissue.
therapy.
1.5 The Design.
- Previous marking for infrared thermometer alineation.
2. Opto-thermal
modelling for - Hypodermical infusion of nanoparticles (Ntracker 30-PM-850, NANOPARTz,
photo-thermal saline solution PH = 7.4, 0.1 ml, OD = 25).
therapy.
2.1 Approach
2.2 Finite Element
Modelling.
3. Experimental
Results.
3.1 Experimental Set-
up.
3.2 Experimental
Results – ex-vivo
3.3 Experimental
Results – in-vivo
4. Conclusions and
Future Work
Modelling and characterization of photothermal effects assisted with
20 gold nanorods in ex-vivo samples and in a murine model
19. 0. General Index.
1. Introduction
3.2 Experimental results - ex-vivo (II)
1.1 The Motivation
1.2 The hyperthermia
technique.
1.3 The Photo-thermal
therapy system.
Looking for the optimal irradiance, experimental results.
1.4 Nanotechnology
in Photo-thermal
therapy. 55
Pbeam = 1.25 W
1.5 The Design. Phaz = 0.5 W, IFWHM = 0.95 [W/cm2], Láser+NRds
Phaz = 1.25 W, IFWHM = 2.38 [W/cm2], Láser+NRds
2. Opto-thermal
50 Phaz = 0.75 W, IFWHM = 1.43 [W/cm2], Láser+NRds
IFWHM = 2.38 W/cm2
Phaz = 0.5 W, FWHM = 0.95 [W/cm2
Phaz = 1.00 W, IFWHM =I 1.90 [W/cm2], Láser+NRds ], Solo Láser
modelling for 40
Phaz = 1.25 W, IFWHM = 2.38 [W/cm2], Láser+NRds 2
ΔT = 31 ºC
45
Phaz = 0.75 W, IFWHM = 1.43 [W/cm ], Solo Láser
photo-thermal Phaz = 0.5 W, IFWHM = 0.95 [W/cm2], Solo Láser
T [ºC]
therapy. 40 Phaz = 1.00 W, IFWHM = ], Solo Láser 2
Phaz = 0.75 W, IFWHM = 1.43 [W/cm21.90 [W/cm ], Solo Láser
35
2.1 Approach Phaz = 1.00 W, IFWHM = 1.90 [W/cm22.38 [W/cm2], Solo Láser
Phaz = 1.25 W, IFWHM = ], Solo Láser
2.2 Finite Element 35
Phaz = 1.25 W, IFWHM = 2.38 [W/cm2], Solo Láser
Modelling.
30
30
3. Experimental
Results. 25 25
3.1 Experimental Set-
T [ºC]
up. 20
3.2 Experimental 20
50 100 150 200 250 300
Results – ex-vivo Tiempo de exposición [sg]
3.3 Experimental
Results – in-vivo
15
4. Conclusions and
Future Work 10
ΔT = 3 ºC
5
0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Tiempo de exposición [sg]
Exposure Time [s]
Modelling and characterization of photothermal effects assisted with
22 gold nanorods in ex-vivo samples and in a murine model
20. 0. General Index.
1. Introduction
3.3 Experimental Results - in-vivo (I)
1.1 The Motivation
1.2 The hyperthermia
technique.
1.3 The Photo-thermal
therapy system. Animal model
1.4 Nanotechnology
in Photo-thermal - Female mice, albines, BALB/c (BALB/cAnNHsd) , specific patogens free.
therapy.
1.5 The Design.
- Animals were handled by qualified staff in a company with the Good Laboratory Practice Certificate
(GLP)
2. Opto-thermal
modelling for Animal preparation
photo-thermal
therapy. - Random distribution by weigth.
2.1 Approach
- Identification of each animal.
2.2 Finite Element
Modelling.
Identification
- Hair removing from the exposed area. marks Shaving of
3. Experimental - Light anaesthesya Ketamine/Xilacine (10μl/g). irradiated area
Results.
3.1 Experimental Set- - Hypodermic infusion of nanoparticles
up.
3.2 Experimental (Gold Nanorods, Ntracker).
Results – ex-vivo
3.3 Experimental - Laser irradiation exposure.
Results – in-vivo
4. Conclusions and
Positioning
Future Work platform
Laser beam
direction
27 Modelling and characterization of photothermal effects assisted with
gold nanorods in ex-vivo samples and in a murine model
21. 0. General Index.
1. Introduction
3.3 Experimental Results - in-vivo (II)
1.1 The Motivation
1.2 The hyperthermia
technique.
1.3 The Photo-thermal
Study of the thermal increment induced as a function of laser irradiance.
therapy system.
1.4 Nanotechnology
in Photo-thermal
Pbeam = 1.25 W
therapy.
1.5 The Design.
35
IFWHM = 2.38 W/cm2
HYP: P = 0.5 W
2. Opto-thermal
modelling for
SUP: P = 0.5 W
HYP: P = 1 W
ΔT = 29.9 ºC
30
photo-thermal SUP: P = 1 W
therapy. HYP: P = 1.25 W
2.1 Approach SUP: P = 1.25 W
25
2.2 Finite Element
Modelling.
3. Experimental 20
T [ºC]
Results.
3.1 Experimental Set-
up.
3.2 Experimental
15
12 ºC
Results – ex-vivo
3.3 Experimental
Results – in-vivo 10
4. Conclusions and
Future Work 5
0
0 50 100 150 200 240
Tiempo de exposición [sg]
Exposure Time [s]
28 Modelling and characterization of photothermal effects assisted with
gold nanorods in ex-vivo samples and in a murine model
22. 0. General Index.
1. Introduction
3.3 Experimental Results - in-vivo (III)
1.1 The Motivation
1.2 The hyperthermia
technique.
1.3 The Photo-thermal Proof of concept, Phaz = 1.25 W
therapy system.
experimental results.
1.4 Nanotechnology
in Photo-thermal
IFWHM = 2.38 W/cm2
therapy.
1.5 The Design.
60 T = 57.8 ºC
2. Opto-thermal
modelling for
55
photo-thermal
therapy.
2.1 Approach
2.2 Finite Element
50
Modelling.
Temperatura [ºC]
Temperature [ºC]
3. Experimental 45
Results.
3.1 Experimental Set-
T = 38.1 ºC
up.
40
3.2 Experimental
Results – ex-vivo
3.3 Experimental
Results – in-vivo
35
4. Conclusions and HYP: Gold Nanorods + Láser
Future Work SUP: Gold Nanorods + Láser
30 HYP: PBS + Láser
SUP: PBS + Láser
25
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
Tiempo de exposición [sg]
Exposure time [sg]
33 Modelling and characterization of photothermal effects assisted with
gold nanorods in ex-vivo samples and in a murine model
23. 0. General Index.
1. Introduction
3.3 Experimental Results - in-vivo (IV)
1.1 The Motivation
1.2 The hyperthermia
technique.
1.3 The Photo-thermal Aspect of the skin after irradiation.
therapy system.
1.4 Nanotechnology
in Photo-thermal
therapy.
1.5 The Design.
2. Opto-thermal
modelling for Skin exposed to the laser
photo-thermal Superficiebeam expuesta
de piel
therapy. a la radiación láser
2.1 Approach
2.2 Finite Element
Modelling.
3. Experimental
Results.
3.1 Experimental Set-
up.
3.2 Experimental
Results – ex-vivo
3.3 Experimental
Results – in-vivo
4. Conclusions and
Future Work
34 Modelling and characterization of photothermal effects assisted with
gold nanorods in ex-vivo samples and in a murine model
24. 0. General Index.
1. Introduction
3.3 Experimental Results - in-vivo (V)
1.1 The Motivation
1.2 The hyperthermia
technique.
1.3 The Photo-thermal Proof of concept, FEM
therapy system.
1.4 Nanotechnology Modelling.
in Photo-thermal
therapy.
1.5 The Design. 16
2. Opto-thermal 14
modelling for
photo-thermal
12
therapy.
2.1 Approach
2.2 Finite Element
10
Modelling.
T [ºC]
3. Experimental 8
The superficial thermal gradient registered
Results.
3.1 Experimental Set-
experimentally was of 14.75 ºC, while the
up.
3.2 Experimental
6
modelled one was of 14.86. This is an absolute
Results – ex-vivo
3.3 Experimental 4
error less than 0.11 ºC (0.75 %)
Results – in-vivo
Superficial. Laser + NRds. EXP
4. Conclusions and 2
Superficial. Laser + NRds. FEM
Future Work
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
Exposure exposición [sg]
Tiempo de
time [sg]
35 Modelling and characterization of photothermal effects assisted with
gold nanorods in ex-vivo samples and in a murine model
25. 0. General Index.
1. Introduction
General Index:
1.1 The Motivation
1.2 The hyperthermia
technique.
1.3 The Photo-thermal
therapy system.
1.4 Nanotechnology
in Photo-thermal
therapy.
1.5 The Design.
2. Opto-thermal
modelling for
photo-thermal
therapy.
2.1 Approach
2.2 Finite Element
Modelling.
3. Experimental
4. Conclusions and future
Results.
3.1 Experimental Set-
up.
3.2 Experimental
work
Results – ex-vivo
3.3 Experimental
Results – in-vivo
4. Conclusions and
Future Work
37 Modelling and characterization of photothermal effects assisted with
gold nanorods in ex-vivo samples and in a murine model
26. 0. General Index.
1. Introduction
4.1 Conclusions:
1.1 Motivation
1.2 The hyperthermia
technique
1.3 Photo-thermal The laser hyperthermia therapy system using gold nanoparticles
therapy system.
1.4 Nanotechnology has been demonstrated to be VIABLE in a mice model.
in Photo-thermal
therapy.
1.5 Design.
Only the tissue injected with nanoparticles reaches hyperthermia
2. Opto-thermal temperatures.
modelling for
photo-thermal
therapy.
2.1 Approach
The tissue exposed to the laser beam, but NO injected with
2.2 Energy Balance nanoparticles, remains unaltered (it does not reach hyperthermia
2.3 Implemention of the
solution. FEM.
2.4 Finite Element
temperature)
Modelling.
3. Experimental The stablished irradiance does not induce tissue charring or skin
Results.
3.1 Experimental Set-
burning.
up.
3.2 Experimental
Results – ex-vivo
3.3 Experimental
The computational model implemented allows to make accurate
Results – in-vivo
estimations of the final temperature of the irradiated tissue with
4. Conclusions and nanoparticles.
Future Work
38 Modelling and characterization of photothermal effects assisted with
gold nanorods in ex-vivo samples and in a murine model
27. 0. General Index.
1. Introduction
4.2 Future work
1.1 Motivation
1.2 The hyperthermia
technique
1.3 Photo-thermal
Modelling and implementation
therapy system.
1.4 Nanotechnology
in Photo-thermal
therapy.
Study and design of new techniques of optical energy irradiation:
1.5 Design. contact applicators, more than one laser source, pulsed light.
2. Opto-thermal
modelling for
Design and test of an integrated control and monitorization
photo-thermal
therapy. system:
2.1 Approach Tissue Temp.
2.2 Energy Balance temperature register
2.3 Implemention of the
solution. FEM.
2.4 Finite Element
Modelling.
Laser power
3. Experimental
Results.
3.1 Experimental Set-
up. Experimental study
3.2 Experimental
Results – ex-vivo
3.3 Experimental
Results – in-vivo Tumor model in mice to test the efficacy of the system
4. Conclusions and -Determine if the tumour growing is stopped and finally, the tumour is
Future Work ablated.
- 15 animals (BALB/c)
- Cell line CT-26 mice colon cancer (CT26.WT)
39 Modelling and characterization of photothermal effects assisted with
gold nanorods in ex-vivo samples and in a murine model
28. Thank you for your attention!
Have a nice day.
ESTUDIO EXPERIMENTAL DE TÉCNICAS LÁSER PARA TERAPIA
40 CÁNCER EN RATONES UTILIZANDO NANOPARTÍCULAS DE ORO