This slide deals with different aspects of Comsol Multiphysics and it's possibility in the future as multiple physics properties can be studied simultaneously with the help of different inbuilt or user-defined modules in this software.
COMSOL Multiphysics: Simulation and Development Toolbox for ClustersIntel IT Center
This document discusses using COMSOL Multiphysics software for simulation and development on computer clusters. COMSOL Multiphysics allows users to build virtual prototypes through multiphysics modeling and simulation. It is well-suited for research and development applications where virtual prototyping can save time and money compared to physical testing. COMSOL supports parallel computing on computer clusters which enables larger simulations and parametric sweeps for applications such as design optimization. The document provides an example live demo of using COMSOL to optimize the frequency of a balanced patch antenna through a parametric sweep on a computer cluster.
This slide deals with different aspects of Comsol Multiphysics and its possibility in the future as multiple physics properties can be studied simultaneously with the help of software
1. The document describes COMSOL Multiphysics software, which is an interactive environment for modeling and solving scientific and engineering problems based on partial differential equations.
2. It can model coupled physics phenomena simultaneously using finite element analysis. It has various application modules for topics like acoustics, electromagnetics, heat transfer, fluid flow, and more.
3. An example is provided of modeling laminar fluid flow between two parallel plates to study inlet effects using the Chemical Engineering Module of COMSOL Multiphysics.
The document provides highlights of new features in COMSOL Multiphysics 4.3. Key additions include nonlinear material models, 1D pipe flow and network simulations, electrochemical corrosion simulations, faster CAD import and meshing, AC/DC electromagnetics for rotating machinery, improved nonlinear solvers, and new modules for thermoacoustics and piezoresistivity. The product suite now supports additional CAD formats and LiveLink products provide tighter integration with CAD software.
Piezoresistive pressure sensors are one of the very-first products of MEMS technology. Those products are widely used in biomedical applications, automotive industry and household appliances.
The sensing material in a piezoresistive pressure sensor is a diaphragm formed on a silicon substrate, which bends with applied pressure. A deformation occurs in the crystal lattice of the diaphragm because of that bending. This deformation causes a change in the band structure of the piezoresistors that are placed on the diaphragm, leading to a change in the resistivity of the material. This change can be an increase or a decrease according to the orientation of the resistors.
Microfluidics refers to the behavior and control of liquids constrained to small volumes near the microliter range. Microfluidics was developed in the 1980s mainly for use in inkjet printers and is a multidisciplinary field with applications in areas like lab-on-a-chip devices for bacterial testing, fast PCR using nanodroplets, and lab-on-a-robot systems for wireless mobile detection of gas samples. Common components of microfluidic devices include micro-scale handling systems, sample loading and injection devices, electro-osmotic pumps, and variable pressure delivery chambers.
Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a process used to produce high-purity solid materials through chemical reactions of vapor phase precursors on a substrate. Key steps include transport of reactants to the substrate surface, adsorption and decomposition reactions, and removal of byproducts. CVD processes are classified based on operating pressure and can be used to deposit a variety of materials through control of temperature, precursor gases, and other parameters.
Nanodevices are molecules designed for specific functions at the nanoscale level, which is measured in nanometers or one billionth of a meter. They can be designed using computer software and manufactured using either a top-down approach that molds or etches larger materials into smaller components, or a bottom-up approach that assembles structures atom by atom. Potential applications of nanodevices include using changes in surface tension induced by DNA or proteins to detect molecules via cantilever bending, and developing probes that release different intensities and colors of light from quantum dots for detection purposes. Nanodevices offer many potential benefits across various fields like medicine, electronics, and optoelectronics.
COMSOL Multiphysics: Simulation and Development Toolbox for ClustersIntel IT Center
This document discusses using COMSOL Multiphysics software for simulation and development on computer clusters. COMSOL Multiphysics allows users to build virtual prototypes through multiphysics modeling and simulation. It is well-suited for research and development applications where virtual prototyping can save time and money compared to physical testing. COMSOL supports parallel computing on computer clusters which enables larger simulations and parametric sweeps for applications such as design optimization. The document provides an example live demo of using COMSOL to optimize the frequency of a balanced patch antenna through a parametric sweep on a computer cluster.
This slide deals with different aspects of Comsol Multiphysics and its possibility in the future as multiple physics properties can be studied simultaneously with the help of software
1. The document describes COMSOL Multiphysics software, which is an interactive environment for modeling and solving scientific and engineering problems based on partial differential equations.
2. It can model coupled physics phenomena simultaneously using finite element analysis. It has various application modules for topics like acoustics, electromagnetics, heat transfer, fluid flow, and more.
3. An example is provided of modeling laminar fluid flow between two parallel plates to study inlet effects using the Chemical Engineering Module of COMSOL Multiphysics.
The document provides highlights of new features in COMSOL Multiphysics 4.3. Key additions include nonlinear material models, 1D pipe flow and network simulations, electrochemical corrosion simulations, faster CAD import and meshing, AC/DC electromagnetics for rotating machinery, improved nonlinear solvers, and new modules for thermoacoustics and piezoresistivity. The product suite now supports additional CAD formats and LiveLink products provide tighter integration with CAD software.
Piezoresistive pressure sensors are one of the very-first products of MEMS technology. Those products are widely used in biomedical applications, automotive industry and household appliances.
The sensing material in a piezoresistive pressure sensor is a diaphragm formed on a silicon substrate, which bends with applied pressure. A deformation occurs in the crystal lattice of the diaphragm because of that bending. This deformation causes a change in the band structure of the piezoresistors that are placed on the diaphragm, leading to a change in the resistivity of the material. This change can be an increase or a decrease according to the orientation of the resistors.
Microfluidics refers to the behavior and control of liquids constrained to small volumes near the microliter range. Microfluidics was developed in the 1980s mainly for use in inkjet printers and is a multidisciplinary field with applications in areas like lab-on-a-chip devices for bacterial testing, fast PCR using nanodroplets, and lab-on-a-robot systems for wireless mobile detection of gas samples. Common components of microfluidic devices include micro-scale handling systems, sample loading and injection devices, electro-osmotic pumps, and variable pressure delivery chambers.
Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a process used to produce high-purity solid materials through chemical reactions of vapor phase precursors on a substrate. Key steps include transport of reactants to the substrate surface, adsorption and decomposition reactions, and removal of byproducts. CVD processes are classified based on operating pressure and can be used to deposit a variety of materials through control of temperature, precursor gases, and other parameters.
Nanodevices are molecules designed for specific functions at the nanoscale level, which is measured in nanometers or one billionth of a meter. They can be designed using computer software and manufactured using either a top-down approach that molds or etches larger materials into smaller components, or a bottom-up approach that assembles structures atom by atom. Potential applications of nanodevices include using changes in surface tension induced by DNA or proteins to detect molecules via cantilever bending, and developing probes that release different intensities and colors of light from quantum dots for detection purposes. Nanodevices offer many potential benefits across various fields like medicine, electronics, and optoelectronics.
MEMS = Micro Electro Mechanical System
Any engineering system that performs electrical (switching ,deciding) and mechanical functions (sensing,moving,heating) with components in micrometers is a MEMS.
This document provides an introduction to nanowires and their applications. It begins by discussing how bottom-up assembled nanoscale electronics using nanowires as building blocks could enable new electronic devices. It then describes how nanowires have advantages over carbon nanotubes as building blocks due to the ability to precisely control their properties during synthesis. The document proceeds to discuss various methods for synthesizing nanowires, including spontaneous growth techniques like vapor-liquid-solid growth and template-based techniques like electrochemical deposition. It provides examples of how semiconductor nanowires have been assembled into electronic and optoelectronic devices.
This document discusses micro and nano electromechanical systems (MEMS and NEMS). It begins by explaining Richard Feynman's vision of building small machines and devices. It then defines MEMS and NEMS as devices that convert electrical and mechanical energy. Examples of MEMS applications include sensors, optical devices, and fluidic systems. NEMS promise even smaller devices for applications like accelerometers, inkjet nozzles, and medicine. The document outlines fabrication techniques for MEMS like deposition, lithography, and etching. It concludes by noting the future potential of these technologies and references for further information.
Thermal oxidation is a process used to grow silicon dioxide films on silicon substrates. It involves heating silicon in an oxygen-containing environment to form a stable silicon-dioxide layer. The growth rate of the oxide layer follows a Deal-Grove model based on diffusion and reaction kinetics. While this model accurately describes thicker oxide growth, additional terms are needed to model the initially faster growth rate of very thin oxides. The oxidation rate depends on factors like temperature, oxidizing ambient, crystal orientation, and dopant concentration.
The document discusses different techniques of soft lithography. It begins by defining lithography and describing conventional lithography techniques like photolithography. It then introduces soft lithography, which was pioneered by George Whitesides and uses elastomeric stamps to transfer patterns instead of light or electrons. The document categorizes and explains different soft lithography techniques like replica molding, microcontact printing, micromolding in capillaries, and solvent-assisted microcontact molding. It discusses the materials, processes, and applications of these techniques.
Quantum dots are semiconductor nanoparticles that confine electrons and holes in all three dimensions. They are made using different methods like lithography, colloidal synthesis, or epitaxy. Quantum dots have discrete energy levels that depend on their size and shape. They have potential applications in solar cells, LEDs, bioimaging, drug delivery, and anti-counterfeiting due to their tunable light emission properties.
Relative humidity sensors are commonly used to measure atmospheric humidity. They work by measuring the ratio of actual water vapor pressure to the saturation vapor pressure at a given temperature. Ceramic, semiconductor, and polymer materials are often used as the sensing elements in relative humidity sensors. Ceramic sensors typically function through the Grotthuss mechanism, where adsorbed water layers allow protons to tunnel between water molecules. Capacitive and resistive relative humidity sensors also exist, where the capacitance or resistance of a hygroscopic material changes with varying humidity levels. Other humidity measurement techniques include psychrometers, chilled mirror optical sensors, and radiation absorption hygrometers. Humidity sensors have applications in fields like industrial processes, agriculture, weather monitoring
Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) are miniature devices comprising of integrated mechanical (levers, springs, deformable membranes, vibrating structures, etc.) and electrical (resistors, capacitors, inductors, etc.) components designed to work in concert to sense and report on the physical properties of their immediate or local environment, or, when signaled to do so, to perform some kind of controlled physical interaction or actuation with their immediate or local environment
This document summarizes a seminar on sputtering processes. Sputtering is a thin film deposition technique where atoms are ejected from a target material when bombarded by energetic particles in vacuum. The ejected atoms then deposit onto a substrate to form a thin film. Key aspects of sputtering discussed include sputtering yield, how various parameters like ion mass, energy and pressure affect the process, and applications in microelectronics, decorative coatings, and medical devices.
A presentation about nanoelectronics-what it is and why it is used widely nowadays, its advantages and industrial applications and the future use. Also describes some problems faced by nanoelectronics.
Thin films are layers of material ranging from fractions of a nanometer to several micrometers thick. Thin film technology involves precisely depositing individual atoms or molecules onto a substrate through various deposition techniques, including physical vapor deposition (PVD) and chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Key properties of thin films like thickness, roughness, and chemical composition must be carefully controlled. Thin films have many applications, such as in solar cells, batteries, medical device coatings, and more. Emerging areas of thin film application include biodegradable and flexible energy storage devices.
The document discusses waveguides, which are hollow metallic tubes that transmit electromagnetic waves through successive reflections off the inner walls. There are two main types of waveguides: rectangular and circular. Rectangular waveguides support TE and TM modes of propagation, with the dominant TE10 mode determining the cutoff frequency below which waves do not propagate. Circular waveguides have advantages like greater power handling capacity but are larger in size. Common applications of waveguides include radar systems and long-distance high-frequency signal transmission.
This document provides information about the sol-gel method process, which consists of several steps: 1) formation of a sol through hydrolysis and condensation reactions, 2) gel formation through further condensation and polycondensation, 3) drying to produce aerogels or xerogels, 4) calcination to remove organic species and densify the gel, and 5) heat treatment to shape the material. The sol-gel method allows production of monosized nanoparticles and synthesis of glasses and ceramics at lower temperatures but controlling particle growth and agglomeration can be challenging.
This presentation presents an overview of fiber optic sensor technology ,basic classifications of optic sensors, the basic functions of optical fiber sensors and also discusses the two important fiber optic sensors , namely the Mach - Zehnder interferometric fiber sensor and the fiber optic gyroscope.
Microfluidics and nanofluidics involve the manipulation of fluids in channels with small dimensions, including cross-sectional areas less than 100 micrometers for microfluidics and the nanometer scale for nanofluidics. Key applications of microfluidics and nanofluidics include lab-on-a-chip systems, molecular biology, and the study of transport phenomena at small scales. Forces that dominate at the nanoscale include electrostatic, van der Waals, and capillary forces. Nanofluidic systems have potential applications in analytical chemistry, studying gene expression, and water purification.
The sol gel method is a process for synthesizing nanoparticles that involves dissolving a compound in a liquid to bring it back as a solid in a controlled manner. It allows mixing at an atomic level and results in small, easily sinterable particles. The key steps are hydrolysis and condensation of precursor molecules to form a sol, which then undergoes gelation and aging before drying to form the final product. The method offers advantages like precise size control and doping but is also substrate dependent and time consuming.
This document discusses scaling laws and how physical phenomena are affected as the size of systems decrease. Some key effects of decreasing size include friction and surface forces becoming more dominant over inertia and mass. Heat dissipation also increases relative to heat storage. Scaling laws can be used to determine how physical quantities vary with size, allowing evaluation of whether phenomena will scale favorably or poorly. The document provides several examples of how forces, resistance, capacitance and other factors are impacted by scaling and outlines approaches for systematically analyzing scaling effects using dimensional analysis and matrix formalization.
Plasmonics aims to merge photonics and electronics at the nanoscale by using surface plasmons. Surface plasmons are electromagnetic waves that propagate along metal surfaces and can confine light to subwavelength dimensions, allowing the miniaturization of photonic components. This makes it possible to integrate optical and electronic circuits on the same chip. Plasmonic circuits use various geometries like thin metal films and arrays of gold nanoparticles as waveguides to guide surface plasmon signals while avoiding losses. This could enable the development of miniaturized optoelectronic components and circuits with subwavelength features bridging the gap between photonics and electronics.
The document is a newsletter from Mentor Graphics announcing new releases and features of their computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and thermal analysis software products. Some key points:
- FloEFD 16 includes new capabilities for simulating water vapor absorption in plastics and improved radiation modeling for automotive lighting design.
- A new version of FloMASTER (V8.0) features improved 3D CFD connectivity through Simulation Based Characterization, which allows 1D system models to be coupled with 3D CFD component models.
- Usability improvements include a new user interface and physics additions like a waste heat recovery capability.
- Awards were given for applications of the software in automotive, aerospace
This document provides an introduction and overview of additive manufacturing (AM). It defines AM as a process of joining materials to make 3D objects layer by layer, and describes some key aspects including input, methods, materials, and applications. The document discusses how AM has advanced rapidly in recent decades, providing advantages like the ability to directly produce complex parts in a relatively short time without tools or molds. Historical developments are outlined, showing how AM technologies have evolved from early systems in the 1980s to many commercial options today.
MEMS = Micro Electro Mechanical System
Any engineering system that performs electrical (switching ,deciding) and mechanical functions (sensing,moving,heating) with components in micrometers is a MEMS.
This document provides an introduction to nanowires and their applications. It begins by discussing how bottom-up assembled nanoscale electronics using nanowires as building blocks could enable new electronic devices. It then describes how nanowires have advantages over carbon nanotubes as building blocks due to the ability to precisely control their properties during synthesis. The document proceeds to discuss various methods for synthesizing nanowires, including spontaneous growth techniques like vapor-liquid-solid growth and template-based techniques like electrochemical deposition. It provides examples of how semiconductor nanowires have been assembled into electronic and optoelectronic devices.
This document discusses micro and nano electromechanical systems (MEMS and NEMS). It begins by explaining Richard Feynman's vision of building small machines and devices. It then defines MEMS and NEMS as devices that convert electrical and mechanical energy. Examples of MEMS applications include sensors, optical devices, and fluidic systems. NEMS promise even smaller devices for applications like accelerometers, inkjet nozzles, and medicine. The document outlines fabrication techniques for MEMS like deposition, lithography, and etching. It concludes by noting the future potential of these technologies and references for further information.
Thermal oxidation is a process used to grow silicon dioxide films on silicon substrates. It involves heating silicon in an oxygen-containing environment to form a stable silicon-dioxide layer. The growth rate of the oxide layer follows a Deal-Grove model based on diffusion and reaction kinetics. While this model accurately describes thicker oxide growth, additional terms are needed to model the initially faster growth rate of very thin oxides. The oxidation rate depends on factors like temperature, oxidizing ambient, crystal orientation, and dopant concentration.
The document discusses different techniques of soft lithography. It begins by defining lithography and describing conventional lithography techniques like photolithography. It then introduces soft lithography, which was pioneered by George Whitesides and uses elastomeric stamps to transfer patterns instead of light or electrons. The document categorizes and explains different soft lithography techniques like replica molding, microcontact printing, micromolding in capillaries, and solvent-assisted microcontact molding. It discusses the materials, processes, and applications of these techniques.
Quantum dots are semiconductor nanoparticles that confine electrons and holes in all three dimensions. They are made using different methods like lithography, colloidal synthesis, or epitaxy. Quantum dots have discrete energy levels that depend on their size and shape. They have potential applications in solar cells, LEDs, bioimaging, drug delivery, and anti-counterfeiting due to their tunable light emission properties.
Relative humidity sensors are commonly used to measure atmospheric humidity. They work by measuring the ratio of actual water vapor pressure to the saturation vapor pressure at a given temperature. Ceramic, semiconductor, and polymer materials are often used as the sensing elements in relative humidity sensors. Ceramic sensors typically function through the Grotthuss mechanism, where adsorbed water layers allow protons to tunnel between water molecules. Capacitive and resistive relative humidity sensors also exist, where the capacitance or resistance of a hygroscopic material changes with varying humidity levels. Other humidity measurement techniques include psychrometers, chilled mirror optical sensors, and radiation absorption hygrometers. Humidity sensors have applications in fields like industrial processes, agriculture, weather monitoring
Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) are miniature devices comprising of integrated mechanical (levers, springs, deformable membranes, vibrating structures, etc.) and electrical (resistors, capacitors, inductors, etc.) components designed to work in concert to sense and report on the physical properties of their immediate or local environment, or, when signaled to do so, to perform some kind of controlled physical interaction or actuation with their immediate or local environment
This document summarizes a seminar on sputtering processes. Sputtering is a thin film deposition technique where atoms are ejected from a target material when bombarded by energetic particles in vacuum. The ejected atoms then deposit onto a substrate to form a thin film. Key aspects of sputtering discussed include sputtering yield, how various parameters like ion mass, energy and pressure affect the process, and applications in microelectronics, decorative coatings, and medical devices.
A presentation about nanoelectronics-what it is and why it is used widely nowadays, its advantages and industrial applications and the future use. Also describes some problems faced by nanoelectronics.
Thin films are layers of material ranging from fractions of a nanometer to several micrometers thick. Thin film technology involves precisely depositing individual atoms or molecules onto a substrate through various deposition techniques, including physical vapor deposition (PVD) and chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Key properties of thin films like thickness, roughness, and chemical composition must be carefully controlled. Thin films have many applications, such as in solar cells, batteries, medical device coatings, and more. Emerging areas of thin film application include biodegradable and flexible energy storage devices.
The document discusses waveguides, which are hollow metallic tubes that transmit electromagnetic waves through successive reflections off the inner walls. There are two main types of waveguides: rectangular and circular. Rectangular waveguides support TE and TM modes of propagation, with the dominant TE10 mode determining the cutoff frequency below which waves do not propagate. Circular waveguides have advantages like greater power handling capacity but are larger in size. Common applications of waveguides include radar systems and long-distance high-frequency signal transmission.
This document provides information about the sol-gel method process, which consists of several steps: 1) formation of a sol through hydrolysis and condensation reactions, 2) gel formation through further condensation and polycondensation, 3) drying to produce aerogels or xerogels, 4) calcination to remove organic species and densify the gel, and 5) heat treatment to shape the material. The sol-gel method allows production of monosized nanoparticles and synthesis of glasses and ceramics at lower temperatures but controlling particle growth and agglomeration can be challenging.
This presentation presents an overview of fiber optic sensor technology ,basic classifications of optic sensors, the basic functions of optical fiber sensors and also discusses the two important fiber optic sensors , namely the Mach - Zehnder interferometric fiber sensor and the fiber optic gyroscope.
Microfluidics and nanofluidics involve the manipulation of fluids in channels with small dimensions, including cross-sectional areas less than 100 micrometers for microfluidics and the nanometer scale for nanofluidics. Key applications of microfluidics and nanofluidics include lab-on-a-chip systems, molecular biology, and the study of transport phenomena at small scales. Forces that dominate at the nanoscale include electrostatic, van der Waals, and capillary forces. Nanofluidic systems have potential applications in analytical chemistry, studying gene expression, and water purification.
The sol gel method is a process for synthesizing nanoparticles that involves dissolving a compound in a liquid to bring it back as a solid in a controlled manner. It allows mixing at an atomic level and results in small, easily sinterable particles. The key steps are hydrolysis and condensation of precursor molecules to form a sol, which then undergoes gelation and aging before drying to form the final product. The method offers advantages like precise size control and doping but is also substrate dependent and time consuming.
This document discusses scaling laws and how physical phenomena are affected as the size of systems decrease. Some key effects of decreasing size include friction and surface forces becoming more dominant over inertia and mass. Heat dissipation also increases relative to heat storage. Scaling laws can be used to determine how physical quantities vary with size, allowing evaluation of whether phenomena will scale favorably or poorly. The document provides several examples of how forces, resistance, capacitance and other factors are impacted by scaling and outlines approaches for systematically analyzing scaling effects using dimensional analysis and matrix formalization.
Plasmonics aims to merge photonics and electronics at the nanoscale by using surface plasmons. Surface plasmons are electromagnetic waves that propagate along metal surfaces and can confine light to subwavelength dimensions, allowing the miniaturization of photonic components. This makes it possible to integrate optical and electronic circuits on the same chip. Plasmonic circuits use various geometries like thin metal films and arrays of gold nanoparticles as waveguides to guide surface plasmon signals while avoiding losses. This could enable the development of miniaturized optoelectronic components and circuits with subwavelength features bridging the gap between photonics and electronics.
The document is a newsletter from Mentor Graphics announcing new releases and features of their computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and thermal analysis software products. Some key points:
- FloEFD 16 includes new capabilities for simulating water vapor absorption in plastics and improved radiation modeling for automotive lighting design.
- A new version of FloMASTER (V8.0) features improved 3D CFD connectivity through Simulation Based Characterization, which allows 1D system models to be coupled with 3D CFD component models.
- Usability improvements include a new user interface and physics additions like a waste heat recovery capability.
- Awards were given for applications of the software in automotive, aerospace
This document provides an introduction and overview of additive manufacturing (AM). It defines AM as a process of joining materials to make 3D objects layer by layer, and describes some key aspects including input, methods, materials, and applications. The document discusses how AM has advanced rapidly in recent decades, providing advantages like the ability to directly produce complex parts in a relatively short time without tools or molds. Historical developments are outlined, showing how AM technologies have evolved from early systems in the 1980s to many commercial options today.
The document provides an introduction to additive manufacturing (AM) including definitions, principles, types of prototypes, advantages, and commonly used terms. It discusses how AM works by building 3D objects layer by layer from a digital file. Key points covered include the 7 main AM processes classified by ISO/ASTM, the history and development of stereolithography, and benefits of AM for designers, engineers, and manufacturing.
The document describes a cloud-based simulation platform called CloudSME that aims to increase small and medium enterprises' access to simulation software and resources. CloudSME builds a platform allowing seamless access to multiple cloud resources through a high-level interface. It enables simulation software providers to offer software as a service and SMEs in manufacturing and engineering to access simulation services. Several partners contribute different elements to the platform, including cloud infrastructure, a cloud platform, simulation software, and end users. The platform is being tested and demonstrated through use cases involving computational fluid dynamics, insole design, process simulation, and aircraft logistics optimization.
The document provides an introduction to additive manufacturing (AM) including definitions, principles, types of prototypes, advantages, and commonly used terms. It discusses how AM works by building 3D objects layer by layer from a digital file. Key points covered include the 7 main AM processes classified by ISO/ASTM, the history and development of stereolithography, and benefits of AM for designers, engineers, and manufacturing.
The document discusses open source software and the latest developments in information and communication technology (ICT). It provides examples of popular open source operating systems like Kubuntu Linux and Fedora Linux. It also gives examples of open source application software like OpenOffice and Squirrel Mail. The document then describes the latest hardware developments like the Lexmark X8350 and X9575 printers. It discusses software like Adobe Photoshop CS3 and CS4. It defines pervasive computing and provides examples like smartphones and personal digital assistants. It concludes by stating that open source software can be freely used and modified by anyone and that pervasive computing makes interactions with computers easier.
Accessible computer interface for a cnc machining centerJupira Silva
The document is a project report submitted to the Seattle Lighthouse for the Blind proposing an accessible computer interface for a CNC machining center. It provides background on the need for the project, outlines the scope of work including research conducted and alternatives considered. It then details the plan for implementing the project through designing the interface using Visual Basic, constructing a prototype, testing it with blind volunteers, and documenting the process.
Additive manufacturing Processes PDF by (badebhau4@gmail.com)Er. Bade Bhausaheb
Additive manufacturing (AM) processes build three-dimensional objects by adding material layer by layer based on a digital model. The document discusses several AM processes including powder bed fusion which uses lasers or electron beams to fuse powder materials together layer by layer. Key powder bed fusion techniques are direct metal laser sintering
This is the seminar report of my presentation
Link for the pressentaion file is
http://www.slideshare.net/arjunrtvm/3d-printing-additive-manufacturing-with-awesome-animations-and-special-effects
A new design reuse approach for voip implementation into fpsocs and asicsijsc
The aim of this paper is to present a new design reuse approach for automatic generation of Voice over Internet protocol (VOIP) hardware description and implementation into FPSOCs and ASICs. Our motivation behind this work is justified by the following arguments: first, VOIP based System on chip (SOC) implementation is an emerging research and development area, where innovative applications can be implemented. Second, these systems are very complex and due to time to market pressure, there is a need to built platforms that help the designer to explore with different architectural possibilities and choose the circuit that best correspond to the specifications. Third, we aim to develop in hardware, design, methods and tools that are used in software like the MATLAB tool for VOIP implementation. To achieve our goal, the proposed design approach is based on a modular design of the VOIP architecture. The originality of our approach is the application of the design for reuse (DFR) and the design with reuse (DWR) concepts. To validate the approach, a case study of a SOC based on the OR1K processor is studied. We demonstrate that the proposed SoC architecture is reconfigurable, scalable and the final RTL code can be reused for any FPSOC or ASIC technology. As an example, Performances measures, in the VIRTEX-5 FPGA device family, and ASIC 65nm technology are shown through this paper.
This document describes a proposed smart home security system called AstroBell. The system uses a Wi-Fi enabled device with a push button, LCD screen, and USB camera located on the front door. It allows users to see and interact with visitors via their smartphone. Messages can be sent to the LCD screen and photos of visitors can be emailed. The system is powered by a cloud server that enables communication between the door device and smartphone. It aims to provide home security and visitor identification through internet of things technology in an early stage of development.
1.1. SOC AND MULTICORE ARCHITECTURES FOR EMBEDDED SYSTEMS (2).pdfenriquealbabaena6868
The document discusses system-on-chip (SoC) architectures for embedded systems. It begins by defining embedded systems and noting that they typically have specific purposes and interface with the real world. SoCs integrate processor cores, memory, and other components onto a single chip to serve application-specific functions. The document then provides examples of small to complex embedded systems that use SoCs. It notes the huge and growing market for embedded systems and discusses challenges like the design productivity gap. Finally, it argues that heterogeneous SoCs using standardized interfaces and pre-designed intellectual property cores can help address challenges and provide optimized solutions for application domains.
RESILIENT INTERFACE DESIGN FOR SAFETY-CRITICAL EMBEDDED AUTOMOTIVE SOFTWAREcsandit
The replacement of the former, purely mechanical, functionality with mechatronics-based solutions, the introduction of new propulsion technologies, and the connection of cars to their environment are just a few reasons for the continuously increasing electrical and/or electronic
system (E/E system) complexity in modern passenger cars. Smart methodologies and techniques have been introduced in system development to cope with these new challenges. A topic that is often neglected is the definition of the interface between the hardware and software subsystems.
However, during the development of safety-critical E/E systems, according to the automotive
functional safety standard ISO 26262, an unambiguous definition of the hardware-software interface (HSI) has become vital. This paper presents a domain-specific modelling approach for mechatronic systems with an integrated hardware-software interface definition feature. The
newly developed model-based domain-specific language is tailored to the needs of mechatronic system engineers and supports the system’s architectural design including the interface definition, with a special focus on safety-criticality.
RESILIENT INTERFACE DESIGN FOR SAFETY-CRITICAL EMBEDDED AUTOMOTIVE SOFTWAREcscpconf
The replacement of the former, purely mechanical, functionality with mechatronics-based solutions, the introduction of new propulsion technologies, and the connection of cars to their environment are just a few reasons for the continuously increasing electrical and/or electronic system (E/E system) complexity in modern passenger cars. Smart methodologies and techniques have been introduced in system development to cope with these new challenges. A topic that is often neglected is the definition of the interface between the hardware and software subsystems. However, during the development of safety-critical E/E systems, according to the automotive functional safety standard ISO 26262, an unambiguous definition of the hardware-software interface (HSI) has become vital. This paper presents a domain-specific modelling approach for mechatronic systems with an integrated hardware-software interface definition feature. The newly developed model-based domain-specific language is tailored to the needs of mechatronic system engineers and supports the system’s architectural design including the interface definition, with a special focus on safety-criticality
Microcontroladores: programación de microcontroladores PIC de 8 bits en CSANTIAGO PABLO ALBERTO
This document provides an introduction and overview of embedded microcontrollers and the process of learning to program them. It discusses how microcontrollers are now found in many everyday appliances and products. It describes how the cost of getting started with microcontroller development has decreased significantly in recent years, with microcontrollers now having electrically erasable program memory and low-cost development kits available. It promotes C as a programming language that is better than assembly for microcontroller programming, being more readable and maintainable. The document introduces a book that guides readers through developing microcontroller applications in C from basic to complex using the PIC16F877A microcontroller, MPLAB IDE, and Proteus simulation software.
ThreeParticle is a powerful 3D CAE software that uses the Discrete Element Method to simulate interactions between large numbers of individual particles, fluids, and other elements, allowing for the virtual development and testing of systems in industries like mining, mechanical engineering, and more. It offers a variety of unique features like integrated multi-physics modeling capabilities and a large selection of contact models. The software can be used to simulate processes and optimize machinery across many applications areas.
Prediction of Electrical Energy Efficiency Using Information on Consumer's Ac...PriyankaKilaniya
Energy efficiency has been important since the latter part of the last century. The main object of this survey is to determine the energy efficiency knowledge among consumers. Two separate districts in Bangladesh are selected to conduct the survey on households and showrooms about the energy and seller also. The survey uses the data to find some regression equations from which it is easy to predict energy efficiency knowledge. The data is analyzed and calculated based on five important criteria. The initial target was to find some factors that help predict a person's energy efficiency knowledge. From the survey, it is found that the energy efficiency awareness among the people of our country is very low. Relationships between household energy use behaviors are estimated using a unique dataset of about 40 households and 20 showrooms in Bangladesh's Chapainawabganj and Bagerhat districts. Knowledge of energy consumption and energy efficiency technology options is found to be associated with household use of energy conservation practices. Household characteristics also influence household energy use behavior. Younger household cohorts are more likely to adopt energy-efficient technologies and energy conservation practices and place primary importance on energy saving for environmental reasons. Education also influences attitudes toward energy conservation in Bangladesh. Low-education households indicate they primarily save electricity for the environment while high-education households indicate they are motivated by environmental concerns.
Software Engineering and Project Management - Introduction, Modeling Concepts...Prakhyath Rai
Introduction, Modeling Concepts and Class Modeling: What is Object orientation? What is OO development? OO Themes; Evidence for usefulness of OO development; OO modeling history. Modeling
as Design technique: Modeling, abstraction, The Three models. Class Modeling: Object and Class Concept, Link and associations concepts, Generalization and Inheritance, A sample class model, Navigation of class models, and UML diagrams
Building the Analysis Models: Requirement Analysis, Analysis Model Approaches, Data modeling Concepts, Object Oriented Analysis, Scenario-Based Modeling, Flow-Oriented Modeling, class Based Modeling, Creating a Behavioral Model.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
Rainfall intensity duration frequency curve statistical analysis and modeling...bijceesjournal
Using data from 41 years in Patna’ India’ the study’s goal is to analyze the trends of how often it rains on a weekly, seasonal, and annual basis (1981−2020). First, utilizing the intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curve and the relationship by statistically analyzing rainfall’ the historical rainfall data set for Patna’ India’ during a 41 year period (1981−2020), was evaluated for its quality. Changes in the hydrologic cycle as a result of increased greenhouse gas emissions are expected to induce variations in the intensity, length, and frequency of precipitation events. One strategy to lessen vulnerability is to quantify probable changes and adapt to them. Techniques such as log-normal, normal, and Gumbel are used (EV-I). Distributions were created with durations of 1, 2, 3, 6, and 24 h and return times of 2, 5, 10, 25, and 100 years. There were also mathematical correlations discovered between rainfall and recurrence interval.
Findings: Based on findings, the Gumbel approach produced the highest intensity values, whereas the other approaches produced values that were close to each other. The data indicates that 461.9 mm of rain fell during the monsoon season’s 301st week. However, it was found that the 29th week had the greatest average rainfall, 92.6 mm. With 952.6 mm on average, the monsoon season saw the highest rainfall. Calculations revealed that the yearly rainfall averaged 1171.1 mm. Using Weibull’s method, the study was subsequently expanded to examine rainfall distribution at different recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, and 25 years. Rainfall and recurrence interval mathematical correlations were also developed. Further regression analysis revealed that short wave irrigation, wind direction, wind speed, pressure, relative humidity, and temperature all had a substantial influence on rainfall.
Originality and value: The results of the rainfall IDF curves can provide useful information to policymakers in making appropriate decisions in managing and minimizing floods in the study area.
Use PyCharm for remote debugging of WSL on a Windo cf5c162d672e4e58b4dde5d797...shadow0702a
This document serves as a comprehensive step-by-step guide on how to effectively use PyCharm for remote debugging of the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) on a local Windows machine. It meticulously outlines several critical steps in the process, starting with the crucial task of enabling permissions, followed by the installation and configuration of WSL.
The guide then proceeds to explain how to set up the SSH service within the WSL environment, an integral part of the process. Alongside this, it also provides detailed instructions on how to modify the inbound rules of the Windows firewall to facilitate the process, ensuring that there are no connectivity issues that could potentially hinder the debugging process.
The document further emphasizes on the importance of checking the connection between the Windows and WSL environments, providing instructions on how to ensure that the connection is optimal and ready for remote debugging.
It also offers an in-depth guide on how to configure the WSL interpreter and files within the PyCharm environment. This is essential for ensuring that the debugging process is set up correctly and that the program can be run effectively within the WSL terminal.
Additionally, the document provides guidance on how to set up breakpoints for debugging, a fundamental aspect of the debugging process which allows the developer to stop the execution of their code at certain points and inspect their program at those stages.
Finally, the document concludes by providing a link to a reference blog. This blog offers additional information and guidance on configuring the remote Python interpreter in PyCharm, providing the reader with a well-rounded understanding of the process.
VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVE. VFDs are widely used in industrial applications for...PIMR BHOPAL
Variable frequency drive .A Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) is an electronic device used to control the speed and torque of an electric motor by varying the frequency and voltage of its power supply. VFDs are widely used in industrial applications for motor control, providing significant energy savings and precise motor operation.
Discover the latest insights on Data Driven Maintenance with our comprehensive webinar presentation. Learn about traditional maintenance challenges, the right approach to utilizing data, and the benefits of adopting a Data Driven Maintenance strategy. Explore real-world examples, industry best practices, and innovative solutions like FMECA and the D3M model. This presentation, led by expert Jules Oudmans, is essential for asset owners looking to optimize their maintenance processes and leverage digital technologies for improved efficiency and performance. Download now to stay ahead in the evolving maintenance landscape.
Generative AI Use cases applications solutions and implementation.pdfmahaffeycheryld
Generative AI solutions encompass a range of capabilities from content creation to complex problem-solving across industries. Implementing generative AI involves identifying specific business needs, developing tailored AI models using techniques like GANs and VAEs, and integrating these models into existing workflows. Data quality and continuous model refinement are crucial for effective implementation. Businesses must also consider ethical implications and ensure transparency in AI decision-making. Generative AI's implementation aims to enhance efficiency, creativity, and innovation by leveraging autonomous generation and sophisticated learning algorithms to meet diverse business challenges.
https://www.leewayhertz.com/generative-ai-use-cases-and-applications/
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
Gas agency management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The project entitled "Gas Agency" is done to make the manual process easier by making it a computerized system for billing and maintaining stock. The Gas Agencies get the order request through phone calls or by personal from their customers and deliver the gas cylinders to their address based on their demand and previous delivery date. This process is made computerized and the customer's name, address and stock details are stored in a database. Based on this the billing for a customer is made simple and easier, since a customer order for gas can be accepted only after completing a certain period from the previous delivery. This can be calculated and billed easily through this. There are two types of delivery like domestic purpose use delivery and commercial purpose use delivery. The bill rate and capacity differs for both. This can be easily maintained and charged accordingly.
4. COMSOL Multiphysics is a finite element analysis, solver
and simulation software / FEA software package for various
physics and engineering applications, especially coupled
phenomena, or Multiphysics.
The package is cross-platform (Windows, Mac, Linux). In
addition to conventional physics-based user interfaces, COMSOL
Multiphysics also allows entering coupled systems
of partial differential equations (PDEs).
The PDEs can be entered directly or using the so-called
weak form.
Since version 5.0 (2014), COMSOL Multiphysics is also
used for creating physics-based apps. These apps can
be run with a regular COMSOL Multiphysics license
but also with a COMSOL Server license. An early version (before
2005) of COMSOL Multiphysics was called
FEMLAB
5. COMSOL was started in 1986 by Svante Littmarck
And Farhad Saeidi (graduate students of Germund
Dahlquist)based on code developed for a graduate course at the
Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) in Stockholm, Sweden.
The main product is COMSOL Desktop which is an
integrated user interface environment designed for cross
disciplinary product development with a unified workflow for
electrical, mechanical, fluid, and chemical applications.
The add-on modules blend into COMSOL Desktop, and
the way of operation of the software remains the
same no matter which add-on products are engaged.
6. COMSOL Multiphysics also provides application programming
interfaces (APIs).
Live Link for MATLAB provides the ability to work with
COMSOL Multiphysics in combination with MATLAB.
The Physics Builder, which is included in COMSOL Desktop,
makes it possible to create custom made physics interfaces
accessible from the COMSOL Desktop with the same look-and-feel
as the built-in physics interfaces.
In the case of the Physics Builder, no programming is
needed as it works in the COMSOL Desktop from the
Physics Builder Tree.
The newer Application Builder has largely replaced the
Physics Builder as a tool for creating customuser interfaces for
specific needs.
7. COMSOL Server is the software and engine for running
simulation apps and the platform for controlling their
deployment and distribution.
The apps can be run in COMSOL Server through web
browsers or a Windows installed client.
COMSOL Server was released with version 5.0.1 in
December 2014.
The COMSOL Server license is world-wide and allows for
third-party access to simulation apps.
A COMSOL Server installation also be used to present
simulation apps to users who rent time for access.
The latest version released is COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS 5.2a
8. Several add-on products are available for COMSOL
Multiphysics.
These have been categorized according
to the applications areas, namely Electrical, Mechanical,
Fluid, Chemical, Multipurpose, and Interfacing.
Also these add-ons are of two types: one with COMSOL
Multiphysics, and one with COMSOL Server.
72. 3D Printing Today:
Advantages and Limitations
With the release of COMSOL Multiphysics 4.3b in 2013, it is now possible to export
geometries, meshes, and surface plots in the STL format for printing in 3D. This means
one can conceive, design, optimize, and prototype a product using only COMSOL
Multiphysics (and/or one of the LiveLink™ products) and a 3D printer. The quality and
speed at which objects can be printed depends, of course, on the printer.
Low-end printers take several hours to print objects the size of a baseball, while high-end
printers can maybe print two per hour. This is rather slow for mass-scale manufacturing,
but quite alright for prototyping. There is no need to outsource the creation of parts to a
machine shop. Printer resolution is currently around 150-200µm in the vertical direction
but some high-end machines can print much finer resolutions. Although this sounds
impressive, it is still not accurate enough for printing microfluidic devices whose intricate
flow channels require an even finer resolution. Models analysed in COMSOL
Multiphysics typically consist of multiple materials, often some combination of metals and
plastics. This places a lot of restrictions on exactly what type of devices can be printed
from a practical stand-point. Metal 3D printers are starting to become available, but
printing combinations of metals and plastics remains a significant challenge.
73. Looking into the Future of Additive Manufacturing and COMSOL Multiphysics
Windows 8.1 and above version has native for supporting 3D printing, which allow for
3D printing without having to first export the geometry and then import it into software
that comes with the printer. The list of available printing materials also keeps growing,
and printers continually become faster, more accurate, and cheaper. On the simulation
side, we are constantly adding new machinery to characterize and optimize physical
systems, and our software’s simulation capabilities will allow you to gain an advantage
over competitors. Anyone can design and prototype something, but only true
Multiphysics software will allow one to optimize and perfect the design based on the
underlying physics.
Considering a simple acoustic horn, for example. The performance of the horn depends
very strongly on the shape of the horn surface. By changing the curvature of this
surface, the directivity and impedance can be changed.
74. The image beside shows the optimum
curvature of the horn that has been
optimized so that the far-field sound
pressure level is maximized for a single
frequency and in a single direction. Since
this could easily be printed in 3D, such a
device would have superior performance
over a design made with no consideration
of the physics involved.