Biomass is a fuel development from organic material which is used to produce electricity and other forms for energy.

1. BIOMASS
TreesCrops
Garbage
Animal
Waste
Wood

2. RENEWABLE ENERGY
 Our current industries works only with
conventional energy sources like coal, oil, natural
gases or uranium
 They produce several kinds of pollutions. If we do
not care, atmospheric pollution, climate change or
nuclear waste can endanger our living condition on
the earth.
 After several years the limited energy source will
become exhausted, which will not guarantee our
energy supply in the future.

3. INTRODUCTION OF BIOMASS
 Biomass is a fuel developed from organic material.
 It is a renewable source of energy which is used to
produce electricity or other forms of energy.
 Biomass can be chemically or biochemically
treated to convert it in to fuel.
 Biomass is the plant material derived from the
reaction between CO2 in the air, water and
sunlight via photosynthesis.

4. WHY BIOMASS?
 NON-AVAILABILITY OF CONVENTIONAL
SOURCES OF ENERGY
 ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLY
 SUITABLE FOR DE-CENTRALISED APPLICATIONS
 LOW MAINTENANCE
 FUEL FLEXIBILITY
 HIGH EFFICIENCY

7. CONVERSION TO POWER
 Direct combustion, or burning the fuel to create
steam, which runs a turbine to create electrical power
 Direct combustion is inefficient and creates
unacceptable levels of pollution if it is not carefully
controlled
 Gasification, a process which converts biomass into
gaseous form
 Uses syngas is potentially more efficient than direct
combustion

8. Biomass in India
 In India most biomass power plants are either running
at low capacities or shut down.
 To produce 1 MW power plant requires 8000 to 10000
tons of feedstock.
 There is a severe competition between industries and
biomass plants.
 Industries are paying very high price for biomass
feedstock, which can be used as alternative for oils or
fuels.

9. continued
 This lead to hike of biomass prices from 800 to 5500/
ton.
 Biomass power plants cannot buy biomass at these
rates.
 To overcome these problems we have cultivate own
biomass such as fast growing trees or grasses

10. ACCEPTABLE FEEDSTOCK
 Branches & twigs
 Maize cobs
 Appropriate briquettes of various agricultural
residues
 Stalks of cotton, twinges etc.
 Coconut shells
 Briquettes of tamarind husk
 Certain industrial wastes of paper mills, plywood
industry etc.

11. BIOMASS AND CARBON
EMMISIONS
 Biomass emits carbon dioxide when it naturally
decays and when it is used as an energy source.
 Plants and trees absorbs carbon dioxide from the
atmosphere through photosynthesis.
 Biomass causes a closed cycle with no net
emissions of greenhouse gases

12. Power production
 Biomass power production in India are mostly based
on agriculture wastes.
 Biomass in India is estimated at about 540 million tons
per year.
 By this it possible to produce 16000 MW power.
 In addition to this 5000 MW power could be generated
from sugar mill residues.
 Power production could be cheaper than coal if
biomass is sourced economically.

13. ADVANTAGES
 Renewable resource
 Reduces acid rain and smog
 Capital cost and fuel cost are lower
 No toxic residues and global harming emission
gases
 Low maintenance and better employment
opportunities in rural area
 Improvement of standard of living of villagers

14. DISADVANTAGES
 Cost of construction of Biomass plant is high
 Crops which are used to produce Biomass energy
are seasonal and are not available throughout the
year
 Transportation of Biogas through pipe over long
distance is difficult
 Biomass requires space and produces dirty smell
 Due to improper construction many biomass
plants are working inefficiently

15. APPLICATIONS
 Village electrification
 Industries – captive power generation - power
generation based on Biomass gasifiers (captive &
power plants stand alone/ grid connected).
 Irrigation water pumping - (small scale gasifier power
generating sets of 40 mw)
 Powering agricultural implements , Village water
supply , Boilers
 Institutional cooking and other thermal applications

16. CONCLUSION
 Biomass is the 6th largest resource. It should
properly utilized to convert into other forms of
energy. The other reason to move to biomass or
other renewable energy is to reduce the pollution
which is caused from conventional sources of
energy.

17. THANK YOU