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Biofertilizer dr.vr
- 1. Dr. V. RAMESH AssistantProfessor Dept. of Botany Vivekananda College Tiruvedakam West Madurai, Tamil Nadu India – 625 234.
- 2. BIOFERTILIZER Nutrient inputs ofbiological origin for plant growth Rhizobium Azospirillum Azatobactor Pseudomonas Phosphobacteria Cyanobacteria Anabaena Nostoc &Tolypothrix Azolla , Mycorrhizae & Green Manure
- 3. PRIME OBJECTIVE To buildthe knowledge of Biofertilizers
- 4. Plants are thesource of food for all most all living creations IMPORTANCE OF PLANTS
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- 6. NUTIRENTS FOR PLANTGROWTH
- 7. N2 N2 - Unusableform NO3-, Ammonia & Proteins Usable form
- 8. Any material ofnatural or synthetic origin that is applied to soil or to tissues of the plants for the supply of one or more nutrients which helps the growth of the plant. FERTILIZER
- 9. It gives goodyield It is non eco-friendly, destroy microbes, Leached out & Expensive Reduces the conventional energy resources Like coal CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER
- 10. BIOFERTILIZER Nutrients inputs ofbiological origin for plant growth N2 Subba Rao, 1982
- 11. Eco-Friendly Increase soil fertility Increasethe crop yield Low cost and easy to grow Farmers can grow BGA & Azolla Resistant to plant Pathogens BENEFITS OF BIOFERTILIZERS
- 12. Biofertilizer Nitrogen Fixer PhosphateSolubilizers Green Manuring Rhizobium Azatobactor, Azospirillum Cyanobacteria Azolla Pseudomonas, Micrococcus & Aspergillus Sesbania aegyptica Lathyrus sativus Tephrosia purpurea Mycorrhizae Symbiotic Asymbiotic
- 13. SYMBIOTIC NITROGEN FIXER Symbioticnitrogen fixation occurs between Leguminous plants and Rhizobium Association between leguminous Plants and Rhizobium
- 14. ASYMBIOTIC NITROGEN FIXERS Microbesin soilN2 NH3 Asospirillum, Azatobactor, Cyanobacteia & Azolla
- 15. PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZERS Rock PhosphatesSoluble Phosphate Microbes Isolation Examples Phosphobacteria, Pesudomonas, Micrococcus
- 16. ISOLATION AND CULTIVATIONOF BACTERIAL BIOFERTILIZERS Instruments Required Incubators Controlled conditions Aseptic Environment Laminar air flow chamberAutoclave Sterilization Bioreactor Large scale Cultivation
- 17. ISOLATION OF BACTEIRALBIOFERTILIZERS Root Nodule Sterilization 70 % ethanol For 1 min 0.5% sodium hypochlorite for 30 s Washed water for 3 min Dried with sterilized filter paper Inoculation Growth of Rhizobium Sterile H2O Contains Cells Overnight culture
- 18. MASS CULTIVATION OFBACTERIAL BIOFERTILIZERS
- 19. QUALITY CONTROL UNIT Rulesand Regulations Inoculants should be carrier based Inoculants should be contamination free Contain 108 viable cells /Gram within 15 d Manufacture Contain 107 viable cells /Gram within 15 d Before the expiry Pocket should contain Name of the host plants Name of the Manufacture Date of manufacture and expiry Net quantity & storage instructions
- 20. FIELD APPLICATION Top dressingor Soil Applications Seed Treatment Seedling Treatment
- 21. BLUE GREEN ALGAE Photoautotrophic,Prokaryotic algae, free living Fix atmospheric nitrogen in moist soils Examples Anabaena, Nostoc, Plectonema, Tolypothrix Aulosoria & Cylindrospermum etc. Isolation of BGA
- 22. MASS CULTIVATION OFCYANOBACTERIA Preparation of small pits lined with polythene sheets Water the pit Add some amount of soil with superphosphate ( pH 7.0) Mix well and allow to settle Inoculation mother culture Appearance of algal mat within a week ( 35-40 ◦ C) Drying, Packing & Marketing
- 23. FIELD APPLICATION After transplantationof rice seedlings BGA
- 24. AZOLLA Microplot 20 M2 Incubation(14-30 ◦ C) Water P2 O5 Mother culture pH 8.0 Formation of Mat Harvesting, Dried
- 25. Mycorrhizae Fungi + Rootsof higher plants Bjorkman (1949) - Development of Mycorrhizae – P & N Scarcity Types Vesicular arbuscular Mycorrhizae (VAM) Ecoto, Ectendo, Arbutoid Monotropoid, Ericoid, Orchidaceous Gigaspora, Entrophospora, Glomus Scutellospora & Scleocystis etc. Role Increase the absorption Nutrients Enhance the water uptake, Increase the resistant power Decrease transplant shocks to seedlings
- 26. 1 2 3 4 5 6 1.Acaulosora elegans 2.Gigasporamargarrita 3.Glomus fasciculatum 4.Glomus mosseae 5.Glomus pansiholus 6.Glomus radiatum Lakshmanan et al., 2001
- 27. MASS CULTIVATION Tank formass cultivation Sprinkling soil with VAM & Making of furrows Sowing the seeds Maize sown VAM pit AM infected maize plants http://agritech.tnau.ac.in/org_farm
- 28. Mycobeads Roots with Mycorrhizae Mycorrhizaeinfected root
- 29. GREEN MANURE Practice ofploughing of undecomposed living plant tissues Contain bacteria in root nodules that fix atmospheric nitrogen Role To add N,P & K To add organic matter. Increases water holding capacity Tephrosia purpurea
- 31. COMMERCIAL PRODUCERS OFBIOFERTILIZER INDIAN COMPANIES Bacfil, Lucknow Microbes india, Calutta Bharat Lab. & Biol. House Agri. Delhi. Indian organic chemical Ltd, Bombay, SKS bioproducts Ltd, AP FOREIGN COMPANIES Union Chemique, Belgium Laboratorie de Microbiologie, France Radiana Institute, Germany Abbott Laboratories, USA BIOFERTILIZER PRODUCTION UNITS IN TAMIL NADU Dept .of Agri Microbiol, Agriculture College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University. Coimbatore & Madurai. Green Peace Associates - Erode, AVM Org. & Bio Fertilizers Co. Covai
- 32. Name of Biofertilizers Cost of Biofertilizers InRs Availability Azospirillum 40/Kg Professor and Head Dept. of Agri. Microbiology Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore 914226611294 microbiology@tnau.ac.in Liquid Biofertilizer 300/lit Phosphobacteria 40/Kg Rhizobium 40/Kg Azotobacter 40/Kg VAM 30/Kg Azolla 5/Kg COST AND AVAILABILITY OF BIOFERTILIZERS
- 33. MY BELOVED FARMERS… LETUS REVIVE ORGANIC FARMING…. DEDICATED TO…………