1.Bioelectric signals and their characteristics 2.Structure of heart 3.ECG Lead System Configuration 4.ECG Waveform 5.ECG Recording system – Block diagram 6.Analysis of ECG waveform

1. OMD551-BASICS OF BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION
P M Ansho
Assistant Professor
Dept of EEE
Annai Vailankanni College of Engineering
ANNAI VAILANKANNI COLLEGE OF
ENGINEERING

2. Bioelectric signals and their characteristics

3. ECG
• ECG means Electrocardiography
• Shows electrical activity of heart muscles.
• Recorded ECG waveform-Electrocardiography
• Instrument-Electrocardiogram.
• Information about cardiac disorders.

4. HEART
• 4 chambers (2 atrium, 2 ventricle)
 Right Atrio – Ventricular valve
 Left Atrio- ventricular valve
 Pulmonary valve
 Aortic valve
• Pericardium
• Endocardium
• Myocardium
 Blood vessels
• Arteries
• Veins
• Capillaries
 Pulmonary Circulation
 Systemic circulation
 SA node
 AV node

6. ECG Lead System Configuration
• Measured with surface electrodes.
• Electrode potential in the heart conducts to the body
surface.
• Standardized electrode positions are used to record the
ECG.
• The three types of electrode systems are
 Bipolar limb leads or standard leads
 Augmented unipolar limb leads
 Chest leads

7. 1.Bipolar lead system
• Standard lead system.
• Einthoven leads.
• ECG is recorded by two electrodes
• Output-potential difference b/w 2 electrodes.
• Placed in 4 different places.
 Left arm
 Left leg
 Right arm
 Right leg

8. Lead I, II, III

9. Einthoven Triangle

10. Augmented Unipolar Leads
Lead aVR Lead aVL Lead aVF

11. Chest Leads
V1 – Fourth intercostal space of right sternal margin,
V2 – Fourth intercostal space at left sternal margin,
V3 – Midpoint between V2 and V4,
V4 – Fifth intercostal space at mid – clavicular line,
V5 – Same as V4 position but on anterior auxiliary line,
V6 – Same as V4 position but on mid auxiliary line.

12. ECG Waveform

13. ECG Recording system – Block diagram

14. Analysis of ECG waveform