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Biodiesel
Biodiesel is an alternative fuel made from vegetable oils or animal fats that can be used in diesel engines. It has benefits over petroleum diesel such as being non-toxic, biodegradable, and producing lower emissions. However, biodiesel also faces challenges including limited availability of feedstock for large-scale replacement of petroleum diesel, issues with cold weather operation, and potential engine and emissions optimization. While biodiesel provides short and long-term environmental benefits, issues around fuel stability, transportation costs, and lack of understanding of its full environmental impacts need to be addressed for it to become a primary fuel source.
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Biodiesel
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- 2. Introduction • Biodiesel canbe operated in any diesel engine with little or no impact to the fuel system. • Biodiesel has a solvent effect which may release deposits accumulated on tank walls and pipes from previous diesel fuel storage. • The release of deposits may clog filters. • Biodiesel can be used as a pure fuel or blended with petroleum in any ratio.
- 3. What is Biodiesel? •Alternative fuel for diesel engines • Made from vegetable oil or animal fat • Meets health effect testing (CAA) • Lower emissions, High flash point (>300F), Safer • Biodegradable, Essentially non-toxic. • Chemically, biodiesel molecules are mono-alkyl esters produced usually from triglyceride esters Fatty Acid Alcohol Glycerin Vegetable Oil BiodieselFA FAFA FA
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- 5. Biodiesel can beused in existing Diesel Engines • Pure Biodiesel (B100) or blended with petroleum diesel (B20, BXX). • Rudolf Diesel: peanut oil. • Little or no engine modifications • Use existing fuel distribution network. • Available now
- 6. Benefits of Biodiesel - High cetane number (average 45,8-56,9 units) - High flash point (above +100) - Good lubricating property - Absence of sulfur and aromatic hydrocarbons - Low toxicity of emissions - Virtually complete biodegradability (99% biodiesel are destroyed in water or soil for 28 days) - Zero balance of greenhouse gases 6
- 7. Environmental Issues • Burningfossil fuels increases atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide • Fossil fuels are a finite resource 30% Increase Graph taken from USF Oceanography webpage
- 8. Problems brought byBiodiesel • Certain biodiesel gels easily under cold temperature • Deforestation for plantation • Degrades rubber in old cars • Synthetic rubbers that are resistant
- 9. Biodiesel Challenges • ColdWeather Operation (Chemistry) • Producing enough feedstock oil to replace a large portion of petroleum (biology, chemistry, physics, economics) • Engine and emissions optimization (chemistry, physics)
- 10. The Future ofBiodiesel • Should be considered for use as an alternative and not a primary fuel. • Short and long term environmental benefits will be worthwhile. • Storage Issues with Stability and Transportation issues with high cost of delivered fuel compared to fossil fuels. • Fuel-supply reliability • Lack of understanding of environmental impact - NOx emissions • Complexity of biomass-power infrastructure compared to known well established coal and natural gas markets
- 12. Conclusion • Biodiesel iseco-friendly. • Biodiesel is clean burning alternative fuel. • Biodiesel contain no petroleum, but can be blended with conventional diesel fuel. • These fuel can be used in any diesel engine without any modification. • Biodiesel is degradable , non toxic and free from sulphur and lead.
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