A bio-battery generates electricity from carbohydrates like glucose using enzymes as catalysts, mimicking processes in living organisms. It has an anode with glucose-digesting enzymes, a cathode with oxygen-reducing enzymes, and a cellophane separator. Researchers are working to advance bio-batteries as a renewable and sustainable alternative energy source.

3. Bio battery use biocatalyst
, either bio-molecules such as
enzymes or even whole living
organism to catalyze oxidation
of bio mass-based materials
for generating electrical
energy.

4. 
A bio-battery is an energy storing device that is powered by
organic compounds, usually being glucose, such as the glucose in
human blood. When enzymes in our bodies break down glucose,
several electrons and protons are released. Therefore, by using
enzymes to break down glucose, bio-batteries directly receive
energy from glucose. These batteries then store this energy for
later use. This concept is almost identical to how both plants and
many animals obtain energy. Although the batteries are still being
tested before being commercially sold, several research teams and
engineers are working to further advance the development of
these batteries.
Carbohydrates (glucose) are broken down to release energy and
generate electricity. This bio battery, which is based on
mechanisms used in living organism, is not only friendly to the
environment but also has great potential for use as an energy
source. This prototype bio battery has achieved the world’s
highest power output of 50 mW*2 when employed for a passive
type*1 system.

7. Background:
Bio-Battery generates
electricity from
renewable fuels
(glucose, sucrose, fructo
se, etc) providing a
sustained, on-demand
portable power source.

8. 
An electricity shortage is felt most by those who
depend on electricity for heating, cooking, and water
supply. In these circumstances, a sustained energy
crisis may become a humanitarian crisis.

As it is known that the energy conservation is the
major issue these times so the bio-battery is one of the
energy conservation method. It can save a lot of power
and it is also energy efficient phenomenon.Bio-Battery
is a renewable energy source which is again the major
requirement of current energy mangement system.

9. 
Bio-batteries contain an anode, cathode, separator and
electrolyte, which are the basic components to any cell
battery. Each component is layered on top of another
component. Anodes and cathodes are the negative and
positive areas on a battery. The anode is located at the top of
the battery and the cathode is located at the bottom of the
battery. Anodes are components that allow electrons to flow
in from outside the battery, whereas cathodes are devices
that allow current to flow out from the battery.
Between the anode and the cathode lies the electrolyte
which contains a separator. The main function of the
separator is to keep the cathode and anode separated, to
avoid electrical short circuits. This system as a whole, allows
for a flow of protons (H+) and electrons (e-) which
ultimately generate electricity.

10. 
Bio batteries are heavily based on the amount of
glucose available. This glucose (sugar) can be provided
from nearly anything, including soda, waste materials
(such as old papers), or the glucose in living
organisms.The decomposition of materials to glucose
(if they are not already in the proper stage) is the main
step in getting the cycle started. Materials can be
converted into glucose through the process of
enzymatic hydrolysis. Enzymatic hydrolysis is the
process in which cellulose (an insoluble substance) is
converted to glucose with the addition of enzymes.
After glucose exists oxygen and other enzymes can act
on the glucose to further produce hydrogen ions and
electrons.

11. 
Bio batteries have several components that allow
them to work properly and create energy.
A bio-battery generates electricity
from carbohydrates (sugar) utilizing enzymes
as the catalyst, through the application of power
generation principles found in living
organisms.The bio-battery incorporates an anode
consisting of sugar-digesting enzymes and
mediator, and a
cathode comprising oxygen-reducing enzymes and
mediator, either side of a cellophane separator.

12. How Do Natural EEL Cells Work?

14. 
Sony successfully
demonstrated bio battery
powered music playback
with a memory type
Walkman and passive
speakers (which operate on
power supplied by the
Walkman) by connecting
four bio battery units in
series. The case of this bio
battery, which is made from
an organic plastic
(polylactate), is designed to
be reminiscent of a living
cell.

18. #Bio batteries are heavily based on the
amount of glucose available. The
decomposition of materials to glucose (if
they are not already in the proper stage) is
the main step in getting the cycle started.
Materials can be converted into glucose
through the process of enzymatic hydrolysis.
Enzymatic hydrolysis is the process in
which cellulose (an insoluble substance) is
converted to glucose with the addition of
enzymes.After glucose exists oxygen and
other enzymes can act on the glucose to
further produce hydrogen ions and

19. #Similar to how human bodies
convert food to energy using
enzymes, bio-batteries use
enzymes to convert glucose into
energy.
Glucose → Gluconolacton+ 2H+ + 2e−
Electron and proton travel through the
electrolyte, where the separator
redirects electrons to go through
the mediator to get to the cathode.

20. Five Bio-Batteries
stacked in series to run
microprocessor + LCD
display.
• Open Circuit Voltage
>3.5V, Short Circuit
Current > 100mA
• Under Operation: V
~2.0V, I > 0.5mA, Power
1mW
5mL of glucose fuel is
sufficient to run demo
for >100 hours.

21. Stability
Plot of maximum
current (at 10-ohms)
versus time for BioBattery prototype
after various storage
conditions.
Shows
robust, repeatable, an
d reliable
performance and
stable operation from
-30°C to +55°C for >6
months.

22. Designed and
fabricated using
bipolar plates with
optimized surface
area to volume
ratio.
Improved design
and performance
leads to 50X
higher volumetric
power density
over existing
prototype.

23. 
Like a conventional fuel cell battery, Bio Battery
basically consists of an anode, cathode, electrolyte
and separator. However, Bio Battery has certain
specific characteristics. First, biological enzymes are
used as catalysts for the anode and cathode.
Second, enzymes and electronic mediators (which
transfer electrons between enzymes, and between
enzymes and electrodes) are fixed on the anode and
cathode.

24. 




Use of computer models.
4 pumps & channels - 4% efficient converting
sugar to electricity.
elimination one pump & adjustment –
efficiency increased to 19% compared to 14%
The energy currency of cells – ATP
Stripping of one phosphate group drives
cellular activities & in the process turns ATP to
ADP . Sugar helps to recycle this ADP back to
ATP.

25. 







Enzymes:Glucose dehydrogenase and diaphorase
(anode)
Bilirubin oxidase (cathode)
Mediators: Vitamin K3 and cofactor NADH (anode)
Potassium ferricyanide (cathode)
Electrode:Porous carbon
Current collector: Titanium mesh
Separator: Cellophane
Glucose solution:0.4 M glucose in 1.0 M sodium
phosphate buffer, pH 7.0
Maximum output:1.5 mW/cm2 (0.3V, 5 mA/cm2) at 1
min after connection
OCV:0.8V

26. 


Dimensions: 39 (width) x 39 (height) x 39
(depth) mm
Volume: 40 cc (without casing)
Maximum output: 50 mW

27. #A significant advantage that biobatteries have in comparison to
other batteries is their ability to
allow an instant recharge . In other
words through a constant supply
of sugar, or glucose, bio batteries
are able to continuously keep
themselves charged without an
external power supply. Bio
batteries are also a source of nonflammable, and non-toxic fuel.
This provides a clean alternative
renewable power source.

28. 




Advantages: energy density, size/weight, instant
recharge, flexible shape, renewable biocatalysts,
green, room temperature operation, readily
available fuel source.
Eco friendly
Raw materials available easily & plentitly
Portable & light weight compared to fuel cell.
Provide a better employment scope for rural areas.

29. #Compared to conventional batteries,
such as lithium batteries, bio-batteries
are less likely to retain most of their
energy. This causes a problem when it
comes to long term usage and storage
of energy for these batteries. However,
researchers are continuing to develop
the battery in order to make it a more
practical replacement for current
batteries and sources of energy.

30. 
They serve as a new form of energy that is
proving to be environmentally friendly, as
well as successful, in producing and
reserving energy. Although the batteries
are still being tested before being
commercially sold, several research teams
and engineers are working to further
advance the development of these
batteries.

31. 
Bio-batteries have a very bright future ahead of them as test
productions and research have been increasing over recent years.
They serve as a new form of energy that is proving to be
environmentally friendly, as well as successful, in producing and
reserving energy. Although the batteries are still being tested
before being commercially sold, several research teams and
engineers are working to further advance the development of
these batteries.
One corporation consistently working on the advancement of
these bio batteries is Sony. In fact, Sony has created a bio battery
that gives an output power of 50 mW (milliwatts). This output is
enough to power approximately one MP3 player.
Sony, however, is planning to continue their research and
development on bio batteries for commercial use. In the coming
years, Sony plans to take bio batteries to market, starting with toys
and devices that require a small amount of energy. Several other
research facilities, such as Stanford and Northeastern, are also in
the process of researching and experimenting with bio batteries as
an alternative source of energy.

32. 
The Paper-Powered Bio Battery uses an enzyme
to decompose paper into glucose and uses the glucose for
power generation. For the decomposition, Sony uses an
enzyme called cellulase, which decomposes cellulose. When
paper is soaked in a solution that contains the enzyme, it
starts to decompose into glucose. When the solution, which
also contains glucose at this point, is poured into the
battery, power generation starts. Because cellulase functions
as a catalyst, it can be collected for reuse.
“This is the same mechanism with which termites eat wood
to get energy,” said Sony. Shredded paper or pieces of
corrugated board were used at the demonstration to provide
cellulose, a long chain of glucose sugar found in the walls of
green plants.

33. 
WE CAN imagine
using a bottle of Coke
to recharge batteries
in the future although
we would still prefer
solar Powered
chargers as you can't
really find a bottle of
Coke everywhere, but
the sun is there
always

34. To see the future of energy…..