The document provides information on Panchavidha Kashaya Kalpana, the five basic forms of water-based pharmaceutical preparations in Ayurveda. It describes the five types - Swarasa (expressed juice), Kalka (paste), Churna (powder), Kwatha (decoction), and Sheeta/Hima (cold infusion). For each type, it details the method of preparation, examples of common medicines, dosage, and importance. It explains that these five were selected because they could be prepared easily with limited resources and had a shelf life of 24 hours, allowing preparation as needed in the past.
This is the second part of presentation regarding definitions in Rasa shastra. An attempt is made to clarify the definitions in more clear way also useful images are added to further improvise the presentation.
This is the second part of presentation regarding definitions in Rasa shastra. An attempt is made to clarify the definitions in more clear way also useful images are added to further improvise the presentation.
Sandhāna Kalpana is an Alcoholic or Acidic Medicinal preparations of Ayurvedic Pharmaceuticals, It involves the process of fermentation where the 'dravadravya' (kwātha, swarasa or liquid preparation), 'madhura dravya' (jaggery, honey or sugar), 'praksepa dravya' (fine powders of medicinal drugs) and 'sandhäna dravya' (dhātaki puspa, madhuka puspa as fermentation initiators) are put together in an inert vessel (mud pot) and sealed for a specified time period to facilitate the process of fermentation Madhya (Alcoholic) and Shukti (Acedic) are the two basic types of this process
Ayurvedic Churna is the simplest form of Ayurvedic medicine which can be easily prepared. It is also very effective in clinical practise. Present presentation is based on Churna kalpa according to C.C.I.M. Syllabus for M.D. Final year curriculum of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya kalpana paper 3, Rasa Chikitsa and aushadha vigyana, Part B (c).
the concept of virya gives the knowledge of potency of drugs it is well explained by Virya. the action of the drugs depends on the potency presents in it.
Sandhana kalpana is the preparation of self generated alcohol. All the preparations that are resulting from FERMENTATION procedure come under SANDHANA KALPANA.
Sandhana kalpana is a special technique to prepare most effective medicines like Asava and Aristas. The medicines prepared through Sandhana kriya are quick in action, long shelf life, palatability and has nutritive value.The self-generated alcohol is the key factor behind the success of Sandhana kalpana.
• Rasashastra deals with metallic, mineral and poisonous drugs.
• These drugs are pharmaceutically processed and rendered fit for internal administration.
• For the various processing of rasa uparasadi dhatus and for the preparation of medicines, specific apparatuses called ‘Yantras’ are needed.
• Metals and minerals are required to undergo certain processes like shodhana, jarana, marana, satwapatana etc before they could be administered into the body and all these processes could only be achieved with the help of yantras.
• For exploring and utilizing the knowledge of Rasasastra, a better understanding of yantras is needed.
• Textbooks of Ayurvediya Rasasastra including Rasatarangini, Rasaratna samuchaya, Rasarnavam and Rasendra Choodamani have been the sources of literature along with other published works on Rasasastra.
For a rasa Shastra student its necessary to have knowledge of Parada Bandhas. In this presentation bandhas are explained according to various authors and detailed description is narrated according to Rasa Ratna Samucchaya the most accepted book of Rasa Shastra. I hope this presentation will help the students of Rasa Shastra in having better summarised knowledge of bandhas.
Rasashastra is a branch of Ayurveda in which medicines of mineral origin are manufactured & used in various diseases.
Rasashastra medicines are classified Based on method of preparation.
PREPARATION OF AYURVEDA DRUGS ACCORDING TO PANCHABHAUTIK CHIKITSAaniruddha kulkarni
IN THIS PRESENTATION, AN EFFORT HAS BEEN MADE TO PUT FORTH THE WORK OF LATE VAIDYARAJ ATMARAM WAMAN DATARSHASTRI OF SANGLI, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA, IN THE FIELD OF DRUG PREPARATIONS. HE HAS EXTENSIVELY WORKED IN EXPERIMENTS TO STANDARDISE THE PROCESSES OF DRUG PREPARATIONS WHICH ARE CONCULSIVELY USEFUL IN ACTUAL MEDICAL THERAPEUTICS.
Rasa shastra Bhaishajya Kalpana Syllabus PPT ( CCIM 2012 ) -- By Prof.Dr.R.R.Deshpande
• This PPT – Based on New Syllabus of CCIM ,implemented from 2012 .This is like ATP – Advanced Teaching programme of that particular subject .Very useful for Teachers & Students of Ayurved college .Student can recite this syllabus ,which can boost up their confidence to get success in that subject .Teachers & students can download this PPT in their smart phone ,to keep eye on their subject goal .
• Visit – www.ayurvedicfriend.com
• Phone – 922 68 10 630
Sandhāna Kalpana is an Alcoholic or Acidic Medicinal preparations of Ayurvedic Pharmaceuticals, It involves the process of fermentation where the 'dravadravya' (kwātha, swarasa or liquid preparation), 'madhura dravya' (jaggery, honey or sugar), 'praksepa dravya' (fine powders of medicinal drugs) and 'sandhäna dravya' (dhātaki puspa, madhuka puspa as fermentation initiators) are put together in an inert vessel (mud pot) and sealed for a specified time period to facilitate the process of fermentation Madhya (Alcoholic) and Shukti (Acedic) are the two basic types of this process
Ayurvedic Churna is the simplest form of Ayurvedic medicine which can be easily prepared. It is also very effective in clinical practise. Present presentation is based on Churna kalpa according to C.C.I.M. Syllabus for M.D. Final year curriculum of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya kalpana paper 3, Rasa Chikitsa and aushadha vigyana, Part B (c).
the concept of virya gives the knowledge of potency of drugs it is well explained by Virya. the action of the drugs depends on the potency presents in it.
Sandhana kalpana is the preparation of self generated alcohol. All the preparations that are resulting from FERMENTATION procedure come under SANDHANA KALPANA.
Sandhana kalpana is a special technique to prepare most effective medicines like Asava and Aristas. The medicines prepared through Sandhana kriya are quick in action, long shelf life, palatability and has nutritive value.The self-generated alcohol is the key factor behind the success of Sandhana kalpana.
• Rasashastra deals with metallic, mineral and poisonous drugs.
• These drugs are pharmaceutically processed and rendered fit for internal administration.
• For the various processing of rasa uparasadi dhatus and for the preparation of medicines, specific apparatuses called ‘Yantras’ are needed.
• Metals and minerals are required to undergo certain processes like shodhana, jarana, marana, satwapatana etc before they could be administered into the body and all these processes could only be achieved with the help of yantras.
• For exploring and utilizing the knowledge of Rasasastra, a better understanding of yantras is needed.
• Textbooks of Ayurvediya Rasasastra including Rasatarangini, Rasaratna samuchaya, Rasarnavam and Rasendra Choodamani have been the sources of literature along with other published works on Rasasastra.
For a rasa Shastra student its necessary to have knowledge of Parada Bandhas. In this presentation bandhas are explained according to various authors and detailed description is narrated according to Rasa Ratna Samucchaya the most accepted book of Rasa Shastra. I hope this presentation will help the students of Rasa Shastra in having better summarised knowledge of bandhas.
Rasashastra is a branch of Ayurveda in which medicines of mineral origin are manufactured & used in various diseases.
Rasashastra medicines are classified Based on method of preparation.
PREPARATION OF AYURVEDA DRUGS ACCORDING TO PANCHABHAUTIK CHIKITSAaniruddha kulkarni
IN THIS PRESENTATION, AN EFFORT HAS BEEN MADE TO PUT FORTH THE WORK OF LATE VAIDYARAJ ATMARAM WAMAN DATARSHASTRI OF SANGLI, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA, IN THE FIELD OF DRUG PREPARATIONS. HE HAS EXTENSIVELY WORKED IN EXPERIMENTS TO STANDARDISE THE PROCESSES OF DRUG PREPARATIONS WHICH ARE CONCULSIVELY USEFUL IN ACTUAL MEDICAL THERAPEUTICS.
Rasa shastra Bhaishajya Kalpana Syllabus PPT ( CCIM 2012 ) -- By Prof.Dr.R.R.Deshpande
• This PPT – Based on New Syllabus of CCIM ,implemented from 2012 .This is like ATP – Advanced Teaching programme of that particular subject .Very useful for Teachers & Students of Ayurved college .Student can recite this syllabus ,which can boost up their confidence to get success in that subject .Teachers & students can download this PPT in their smart phone ,to keep eye on their subject goal .
• Visit – www.ayurvedicfriend.com
• Phone – 922 68 10 630
Ayurvedic formulations like decoction,tablets,Asava-arishta,Leha etc have rationality behind their usage.This slide show gives comprehensive information in this regard
As the concerns over use of ayurveda medicines containing bhasmas of heavy metals are on rise, we will take a closer look at the process of preparing bhasmas and use of heavy metals prescribed in ayurveda.
gmp is the most important topic for the students of ayurveda specially for rasashstra.
so in my presentations knowledge of gmp given very elaborately and easy to understand manner.
please advise any suggestions. thank u
NATIONAL SEMINAR ON TRADITIONAL INDIAN DIETS AND HEALTH CARE
Jointly organized by - Institute of Scientific Research on Vedas & National Institute of Nutrition - on 4th & 5th February, 2010
At NIN, Hyderabad, Andhara Pradesh
Dr.KSR Prasad lecture on Ayurveda Nutriceuticals in Genitourinary Tract disorders Or Dietary Preventive and Curative aspects of Genitourinary Tract disorders
Pharmaceutical Processings in Ayurveda and way out with core by Anand Chaudhary, Associate Professor, Department of Rasa Shastra, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - email-anandayubhu@gmail.com
Childhood is very crucial
period where child picks up
growth and development with
respect to physical, physiological
and social aspect.Dosha,dushya
and mala present in body are
identical to adult but present in
lesser quantity in children. The
diseases that manifesting adult can
also manifest in a child but with a
lesser involvement of Dosha and
with less intensity.1
Dhatri stanya dushti is the main
cause for diseases in Ksheerada
avastha. Hence Shodana should
be done both in dhatri and Shishu.
Acharya Kashyapabeing
pediatrician advises Panchakarma
therapy from first year of life.
However in today’s time it is
observed that with a certain set of
precautions along with proper drug
and dose Panchakarmatherapiescan
be administered in Baala.
An Introduction to Pottali Kalpana- a RasarasayanaEbinuday
'Pottali Kalpana' is one among four types of Rasarasayana . 'Pottali' are classified into three based on the method of preparation ,namley Gandhaka Dravapaka Pottali , Varatika garbha Pottali and Bhavana Pottali .Among them, Gandhaka Drava paka Pottali kalpana plays an important role in emergency management. The principle of Gandhaka Drava paka pottali is 'swedana' in Dola yantra using Gandhaka (Sulphur) as the medium .To prepare Gandhaka drava paka pottali, a slow and steady rise in temoerature should be mainitained . The melting point of gandhaka ranges from110 - 119 degree celsius and boiling point is 444 degree celsius .The temperature should be maintained below the boilig pont and above the melting point of Gandhaka . Varatika garbha pottali is prepared by filling drug inside Cowrie shell followed by sealing with Tankana and milk. The principle of 'marana', by means of Gajaputa (in general). Bhavana pottali is prepared by grinding the drug in suitable medium , till it attain samyak bhavitha lakshana .
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
Follow us on: Pinterest
Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
3. INTRODUCTION
• THE ENTIRE SCIENCE OF AYURVEDA HAS BEEN FRAMED UPON
TRISUTRAS (HETU, LINGA AND AUSADHA), AMONG THEM,
AUSADHA IS VERY IMPORTANT.
• IT IS HELD RESPONSIBLE FOR THE ALLEVIATION OF DISEASE AS
WELL AS THE MAINTENANCE AND PROMOTION OF GOOD HEALTH.
• THE DRUG IS LIKE AN INSTRUMENTAL AID TO A PHYSICIAN.
4. (PHARMACY/ PHARMACEUTICAL
SCIENCE)
THE TERM COMPRISES OF TWO WORDS –
BHAISHAJYA AND KALPANA.
• ANY SUBSTANCE CAN BE CALLED AS “BHESHAJA” IF IT CAN
MITIGATE THE SEVERITY OF DISEASE. IT IS ALSO CALLED AS
“AUSHADHAM” MEANS A SUBSTANCE HAVING THE CAPABILITY TO
ALLEVIATE THE PAIN.
• KALPANA MEANS ‘YOJANA’ (PLANNING)I.E. THE IDEOLOGY OF
MAKING USE OF DIFFERENT DRAVYAS
•IT IS THE PREPARED FORM LIKE SWARAS (JUICE), CHURNA
(POWDER), KWATH (DECOCTION) ETC.
5. CONTD….
Hence 'Kalpana' is the process or modification
through which a substance is transformed into
medicinal form.
Any animal or plant or mineral product to be used
as medicine can not be taken as it is in its raw
form. It has to be converted into that form, by
which it would be therapeutically fit for use.
This complete knowledge of drugs including
identification, procurement, processing,
preparation and application is studied under a
separate branch of learning called “Bhaisajya-
6. What is the purpose of various Kalpanas?
• It increases the potency of medicine by adding or
generating special property (by sanskar i.e. vishesh
gunantardhana).
• It makes the medicine durable.
• It makes the medicine palatable.
• It removes the toxic effect of medicine by purification
(shodhana karma).
• As per the severity of the disease it helps the adjustment of
dosha.
• It makes the medicine as per need of patient and disease.
Bhaishajya Kalpana- Need & Importance
7. • From the Neolithic times, the early humans used stone slabs
to crush drugs and extracted juice or made powder.
• The literary treatises like the Rgveda, Atharvaveda, Samhitas,
Nighantu, etc. give a clearer picture of the existing
pharmaceutical practices, preparation of drugs and their
applications.
•The first systematic knowledge of Bhaishajya Kalpana is found
in Caraka Samhita.
•In Caraka Samhita, the word Kalpa is used for ‘preparations’.
Pancha vidha Kashaya Kalpana-
Development
8. • From the Neolithic times, the early humans used stone slabs
to crush drugs and extracted juice or made powder.
• The literary treatises like the Rgveda, Atharvaveda, Samhitas,
Nighantu, etc. give a clearer picture of the existing
pharmaceutical practices, preparation of drugs and their
applications.
•The first systematic knowledge of Bhaishajya Kalpana is found
in Caraka Samhita.
•In Caraka Samhita, the word Kalpa is used for ‘preparations’.
Pancha vidha Kashaya Kalpana-
Development
10. KASHAYA KALPANA
(WATERY PREPARATIONS)
1 SWARASA (EXPRESSED JUICE)
2 KALKA-CHURNA (PASTE-POWDER)
3 KWATHA/SHRITA (DECOCTION)
4 SHEETA/HIMA (COLD INFUSION)
5 PHANTA (INFUSION)
(LAGHAVAH SYURYATHOTTARAM)
LIGHTER IN DIGESTION IN DESCENDING ORDER
11. • THESE FIVE BASIC FORMS OF PREPARATIONS ARE
USED TO PREPARE MEDICINES FROM BOTANICALS IN
AYURVEDA
• THE WORD KASHAYA MEANS DISTORTION OF THE
ORIGINAL SHAPE OF DRAVYA AND MAKING IT SUITABLE
FOR USE
• THESE ARE MORE EFFICIENT IN POTENCY IN
DESCENDING ORDER, AND ARE USED ACCORDING TO
DIGESTIVE POWER, STRENGTH AND NEED OF THE
DISEASED CONDITIONS
12. CONT.
Some Acharyas had described more than five
basic forms as:
Shadvidh kashaya kalpana has been
described by Acharya sushruta, by adding
Kshira kalpana (medicated milk).
Saptavidh kashaya kalpana has been
described by Acharya kashyap, i.e. by
adding Curna, Abhishava,
BUT THEASE ARE ACCEPTED AS
UPKALPANA
13. WHY ONLY THESE 5 KALPANAS?
• In the ancient times, there were no vessels
to store or preserve the medicine.
• Vaidya used to keep medicine in earthen
vessel as plastic bottles, jars , cork were
not available at that time.
• Moreover, prepared medicines were not
kept for long duration.
• Medicines were prepared for the patient
and in front of patient and was given at
that moment.
14. • SWARASA (EXPRESSED JUICE)
DRY HERBS FRESH HERBS HARD HERBS
COARSE POWDER CRUSHING PUTAPAKVA
SOAKE IN DOUBLE EXPRESSION VASA,NEEM
QUANTITY AQUA BEL LEAF
24 HOURS
MACERATED
EXPRESSED
FILTERED
15. CONT.
So, those preparations were considered or made
which were prepared in less time and with limited
source. Also, these preparations have a shelf-life
of 24 hours , so these were prepared and
consumed quickly.
As there comes an advancement in the culture or
technology, it becomes easy to store medicine and
ways of preserving medicine for long duration
were found.
The various sneha kalpana, asava-aristha kalpanas,
which needs more time, more resources but the
17. METHOD OF PREPARATION
Crush the dravya properly by mechanical
pressure with the help of machine or hand
and filter it with the help of clean cotton
cloth or sieve.
If fresh herbs are not available, make the
powder of dry herb.
1 part herb powder : 2 parts water.
Keep this mixture in earthen pot for 24
hours. Extract the juice after proper
grinding and straining through a cloth or
sieve.
18. SWARAS CONT.
Putapakwa Method, first prepare kalka
(paste) of the herb to be used from the
clean and healthy part of the plant. Then
wrap it in a leaf and tie it with a thread.
• Over this, mud should be smeared
uniformly for about 1 cm thickness. Then it
should be dried and heated.
• When it becomes red hot, Then it must be
taken out and allowed to cool. The outer
mud layer, leaves etc. should he removed
and juice may be extracted straining the
kalka though a clean cloth.
19. DOSAGE OF SWARAS
Dose – 2 tola i.e. 24 grams
24 ml and 48 ml.
Normally, we can take it as 30 ml.
To make the preparation more palayable and to
increase its potency, some dravya like honey,
sugar, jiraka, etc, known as Prakshepa dravya
are added. Quantity – 1 kola (upto 6 Grams).
Examples of swarasa
Tulsi Swarasa – cough and cold
Guduchi Swaras - good for heart, cough,
breathlessness etc.
Ardraka Swarasa – cough and cold
20. IMPORTANCE OF SWARAS
As it is the most potent preparation , it can be
given in disease of acute nature , but to a
patient who has a strong digestive power
Most of the swaras are used as adjuvant . Adraka
Swarasa, Jambira Swarasa, Tulasi Swarasa etc.
Swaras can be used for processing (bhavana
dravya) i.e. while preparing mercurial / mineral
preparations.
It is useful in case of Sodhana and Marana of
Rasadravyas (Mineral Preparations). Ex:
Bhringaraja ras for Kasisa Sodhana, Vanga
marana with Kumari Swarasa etc.
Swarasa is also used in the preparation of
secondary preparations like Asavaas, Sneha
21. KALKA- PASTE
It is the paste of coarsely powdered drugs.
It is less potent (laghu) and easy to digest as compared to Swaras.
22. METHOD OF PREPARATION
(KALKA)
Crush the dravya properly to make its paste.
If there is dry herb, then add some water and
crush and make a paste.
Examples : Nimba kalka – used in vrana
ropana (wound healing) if applied locally
and used in pitta vikar, kustha etc when
taken orally.
Rasona kalka – used in vata roga, visama
jvara etc.
Dosage of kalka – 1 tola or 12 grams
(approx)
23. CONT (KALKA)
To increase its potency, some dravya like
honey, sugar, jiraka, etc can be added.
Quantity:
i. Madhu, ghrita, taila – double the
quantity of kalka.
ii. Sugar, guda – in equal quantity of kalka
iii. Drava – four times the quantity of kalka
UPKALPANA OF KALKA
Churna kalpana (Powder)
24. CHURNA ( POWDER)
Fine sieved powder of well shade dried
herb/
Method of Preparation
Dry herbs are nicely (NLT 80mess)or coarsely
powdered in Imamdasta or in Disintegrator or
pulverizer machine. Sieved in 90 mess or with thin
cotton cloth.Coarse powder or yavakut of 20-40 mess
are kwatha churna
CAUTION
1-In formulation Ingredients are separately powdered
sieved
& mixed as per formula.
2-salt .suger, camphor, hing mixed in last
25. KWATHA- DECOCTION
It is the aqueous extract of drug, prepared after boiling the
drug with water
Method of preparation
Crush herbs coarsely (yavakut) , add water in 4/8/16 times to
coarse powder quantity boil till the reduction of liquid to
one-fourth/one-eighth and then filtered.
4/8 times water Reduced.to 1/4th
liquid- for soft
herbs(leaf,T.stem,flower)
16 times water Reduced to 1/8th
liquid- for hard
herbs(ht.wood,bark etc.)
8 tines water Reduced to 1/4th
liquid for mixed
quality(hard+soft herbs)
26. METHOD OF PREPARATION- CONT
Quantity of water -Based on quantity of
Herbs for preparation of Kwatha
Herbs less then 4 tola in weight – 16 times
water is required
Herbs weighing in between 5 to 16 tola – 8
times water is required
Herbs above 16 tola in weight – 4 times
water is required
01 Tola =12 Gm.
27. KWATHA (CONT).
Examples –
Punarnavashtak kwath– indicated in sotha,
sula, swasa roga etc.
Maharasnadi kwath– indicated in vata
vyadhi.
Dosage of kwath – 4 tola (upto 48 ml max in
one time)
Readymade Kwaths /kashayams are also
available
28. KWATHA (CONT)
To increase its potency, some dravya like
honey, sugar, jiraka, etc can be added.
Quantity–
Curna – 1 shana (3 gram approx)
Madhu – 1/16th
, 1/8th
,1/4th
part for vata, pitta
and kapha roga resp.
Sugar – 1/4th
, 1/8th
, 1/16th
part for vata, pitta
and kapha roga resp.
Drava – 1 karsha (1 tola) i.e. 1/4th
of kwath
29. UPA KALPA OF KWATHA
PRAMATHYA
A paste of the herbs boiled in 8 times quantity of water on
low flame and reduced to 1/4th
then macerated ( consumed
unfiltered)
Pramathya of
bael, shunthi, dhaniya, hareetaki, nagarmotha
Is prescribed in diarrhea
In the dose of 2 pala ( 96gm) at a time.(
OR
Pramathya of
Nagarmotha,khas,bel-giri,shunthi & Dhaniya
Is good for acute and sub acute Diarrohea
30. UPA KALPA OF KWATHA
LAKSHA RAS
Lac/gum of ficus religiosa (peepal tree)
boiled in the DOLA YANTRA
decanted & filtered 21 times
through a thin cloth is called laksha ras.
(Quantity Of water into DOLA YANTRA
need to be kept 6 times of laksha
& reduced to quarter)
Uaeful for
Muscular dystrophy
31. UPA KALPA OF KWATHA
MAMSA RAS
Goat Meat when boiled at low flame in sufficient quantity of water by which
bones are separated from the meat & its marrow comes out in the water & it
remains in semi solid form is called mamsa ras.
Varieties :-
1.Krit mamsa ras – salt, pepper, cumin, ginger, asoefitide etc. along with
ghee/oil are added.
2.Akrit mamsa ras – Above juice without spices.
32. VESHVAAR
Soup of the goat meat (boneless) mixed with rock salt, powder of piper longum,
ginger, pepper& jaggery (guda) is called Veshvaar.
33. Indications :-
Preenan (nourishing)
Pranajanak (promoter of life force)
Swasa (asthama), kasa (cough), kshaya (T.B)
Hridya (cardiotonic), Bone union promoter (fracture)
Shukral (spermetogenic )
Bala vardhana (health promotor)
34. KSHEERPAK
When herbs boiled in 8 times of cow’s milk & 4 times of water to the milk (32
times) & reduced to the quantity of milk (8 times).
Herb 1 part
Milk 8 part of herb
Water 32 part of the herb
Reduced to 8 parts = ksheerpak
Precaution :-
sour, salty, astringent materials avoided
Important drugs :-
arjuna, rasona, shunti, chandan, shatavari, ashwagandha, gokshura, moong,
mushli etc.
35. USHNODAK
Water boiled & reduced to ½, 4 or 8 is called ushnodak.
1.½ part for Shishira, Vasanta and Greeshma
2.4 part for Sharad
3.8 part for hemantha & Varsha (pravrit)
Indication:-
Obesity, constipation, Anorexia, phlegm,
dyspnea, fever
36. PANEEYA
Medicines boiled on a slow heat in the ratio of 1:64 & reduced to half, filtered,
used after cooling in room temperature.
viz. – Shadangapaneeya for fever & thirst
37. VATYA MANDA
Coarse husk less Barley (Nistush) powder boiled in 14 times of medicated water
till cooked completely & to be used after filtering by mixing sugar or salt or
pepper, ginger as per taste.
Indication:-
Good for throat infections, improving taste, hemoptysis, mitigates kapha & pitta.
38. LAJA MANDA
Fried poped rice prepared in similar fashion of vatya manda.
Indication:-
Thirst, diarrhea, anorexia, cardio tonic, digestant
This can be used in children, aged, pregnant ladies (safe for evryone)
39. SHITA- COLD INFUSION
Also known as Hima kalpana.
Fourth kalpana among panca vidh kashaya kalpana.
Usually made from drugs with aromatic contents.
Cold water is used for dissolving contents of drugs.
40. METHOD OF PREPARATION
Dravya is crushed and cold water is added in ratio of 1 part (drugs): 6 (water)
parts.
The mixture is kept overnight and is ground and filtered through a clean cloth/
sieve in the morning .
Examples-
Dhanyaka hima – indicated in trsna and daha
Sarivadi hima – indicated in rakta vikar, pitta vikara.
Dosage – 1 pala/ 4 tola (48 ml approx.)
41. PHANTA-HOT INFUSION
It is the last kalpa among panch-vidha kalpana.
It is extremely light for digestion.
Hot water is used
42. METHOD OF PREPARATION
Dravya is crushed and hot water is added in ratio of
1 part (drugs) : 4 parts (water)
The mixture is ground & well filtered and used in luke warm condition.
Examples –
Sudarshan phanta – indicated in jvara
Panchkola phanta – indicated in indicated in kapha jvara, pratishaya.
44. OTHER COMMON DOSAGE FORMS
Guggulu- Ayurvedic medicines prepared by the
exudates. Exudates in small pieces are taken in
a piece of cloth and boiled in gomutra or
Dugdha or Triphala decoction until it becomes
soft mass and then taken out of the the cloth
and dried. After drying, the mass is formed into
a paste by adding ghee till it becomes waxy.
45. CONT.
Rasa Aushadi- Ayurvedic medicines containing
metals/mineral drugs as the main ingredients
are called Rasa yogas. They are available in pill
form or in powder form.
Metals, minerals such as Swarna (gold), Rajata
(silver), Tamra (Copper) are used in bhasm form
in these preparations. These are converted into
Bhasma form with the help of other drugs which
are added in small quantities, mixed well and
grounded in the vessel to form fine powder.
46. ARKA - DISTILLATE
For Ingredients having Volatile Contents
Gulab Jal
Pudinah Arka
Ajowain Arka
Gomutra Arka
47. MEDICATED GHRIT - TAILA
Sneha kalpana- Ghrta or Taila are prepared by boiling prescribed kwath
(decoction ) and kalka of drugs in oils/Ghrta according to the formula
prescribed in Ayurvedic formulary.
External Application- Mahanarayan Tail, Saindhawadi Taila
Internal Use- Shadbindu Tail, Brahmi Ghrita, Mahatriphaladi Ghrita etc.
48. ASAV-ARISHTA
Specialized Preparation of Ayurveda
Asavas and Aristhas are made by soaking the herbs either in powder
form or in the form of decoction in a solution of sugar or jaggery, as
the case may be, for a specific period of time, during which it
undergoes a process of fermentation and facilitates the extraction
of the active ingredients contained in the herbs.
49. LEAP
Pralepa - Cool
Pradeha - Hot
Aalepa – In b/w
Should be used fresh
Not indicated during Night
Dashang Lepa, Mukhkantikara Lepa
50. ALCOHOLIC PREPARATIONS
Sidhu – Sugarcane
etc. sweet fruits
Sura- Yava (Barley),
Wheat, Rice
Prasanna- Distilled
Sura
Kadambari- Thicker
than Prasanna
Jagal - Thicker than
Kadambari
Medaka- Thicker
part than Jagal
(less alcohol)
Vakkas- Remaining
part (without
alcohol)
Maureyak- Asav+
Sura: Redistilled
Varuni-Kharjur
Kohal- Barley &
Wheat made liquor
51. PREPARATION CAN BE USED AS DIET AS WELL
AS DRUGS
Manda- No rice
particles (14)
Peya- Some rice
particles
Yavagu- More rice
particles in liquid
(6)
Vilepi- less liquid
more rice particles
(4)
Anna/Bhakta-
Cooked rice (5)
Krishra –
Khichdi 2:1
Yush- Soup –
Krit & Akrit
Manth– Sattu
(8)
Panaka- Panna
(16)