Doshopakramaniya Adhayaya

1. Ashtang Hridaya
Dr. Abdeli Bhadarva Page 1
A.H.Su.13
Doshopakramaniya Adhyaya
 Treatment (Upakrama) of Vata Vyadhi (increased Vata):
 Sneha – oleation-oral administration of oil / ghee / fat and external oil massage
 Sveda – Sudation – diaphoresis, sweating therapy
 Mrudu Samshodhana – Mild purification procedure, Mild Panchakarma (Vamana and
Virechana). Excess of Panchakarma might lead to Vata increase.
 Swadu Amla Lavana Ushna Bhojya – foods which are of sweet, sour and salt taste;
 Abhyanga - Oil massage
 Mardana - simple massage
 Veshtana - wrapping / covering the body/ organ with cloth
 Trasana - Threatening, frightening
 Seka - pouring of herbal decoctions / oils on the affected part
 Paishtika Goudika Madya – wine prepared from corn flour and jaggery- molasses
 Snigdha Ushna Basti – enema therapy with fat-oil, enema with drugs of hot potency
 Sukhasheelata – comforting the patient
 Deepana Pachana Siddha Sneha – medicated Sneha of different kinds- sources prepared
with drugs having Deepana & Pachana action.
 Medya Pishita Taila Anuvasana – Sneha Basti prepared from juice of fatty meat and oil.
 Treatment (Upakrama) of Pitta Vyadhi (increased Pitta):
 Sarpi paana – drinking of Ghrita. It can be plain or medicated, based on physician’s
advice.
 Swadu, Sheeta Virechana- Virechana therapy with drugs of sweet taste and Sheeta Virya.
 Intake of foods and drugs having sweet, bitter and astringent tastes.
 Inhaling of fumes from herbs that are coolant, pleasant and cordial
 Anointing the body with camphor, Chandana and Ushira paste, very frequently.
 Residing on terraces lit by moonlight in the evenings, enjoying pleasant music and soft
cold breeze, company of friends who do not restrain him, of sons who speak cordially
and with innocence.
 Spending time with wife, who is obedient, pleasing and virtuous.
 Residing in houses equipped with fountains emitting cooled water, parks and ponds.
 Spending time in houses near water reservoirs having clean water, sand, lotus, flowers,
and trees, with a calm mind.
 Consuming milk, ghee.
 Especially Virechana therapy.

2. Ashtang Hridaya
Dr. Abdeli Bhadarva Page 2
 Treatment (Upakrama) of Kapha Vyadhi (increased Kapha):
 Vidhiyukta Teekshna Vamana Virechana - Strong emesis and purgation in accordance
with prescribed procedure.
 Consuming foods which are Rukhsa.
 Consuming food in limited quantity
 Consuming food that have Teekshna, Ushna properties & Katu, Tikta and Kashaya taste.
 Old wine
 Sexual activity
 Keeping awake at night.
 Exercises of different kinds
 Worry
 Dry massage of the body;
 Vamana – emesis therapy,
 Drinking of soups- of grains
 Use of honey
 Therapies and medicines that reduce Meda
 Dhumapana
 Upavasa (Fasting)
 Gandusha
 Facing difficulties
Sansarga Dosha Treatment
Vata- Pitta similar to the regimen of Grishma
Kapha- Vata similar to the regimen of Vasanta
Kapha- Pitta similar to the regimen of Sharad
Maruta- Vata is Yogavahi; Yogavahi means, Vata, when associated with Pitta, boosts
Pitta Dosha, when it is associated with Kapha, it boosts Kapha Dosha.
 The Dosha should be treated properly when there are in Chaya stage (mild increase) only. In
their stage of Kopa (Dosha enhanced imbalance), they should be pacify without opposing /
interfering with one another Dosha.
 When there is simultaneous enhanced increase (Kopa) of all the three Dosha, the most
powerful/ most aggravated Dosha should controlled first, without opposing the remaining
Dosha.
 Ideal treatment (Adarasha / Shuddha Chikitsa): That treatment which cures one disease and
gives rise to another disease- sooner or later, is not Shuddha- pure/ good/appropriate. A pure
treatment is that which cures one – diseases and does not give rise to another.
 Movement of Dosha from Koshtha to Shakha:
 By the effect of exercise

3. Ashtang Hridaya
Dr. Abdeli Bhadarva Page 3
 Increase of heat (Ushma)
 Unwholesome activities (Ahita Acharana)
 Due to quick movement of Vata
The increased Dosha move out of the Kostha reaches to the Shakha (Dhatu, Asthi Sandhi
and Marma).
 Movement of Dosha from Shakha to Koshta:
 Sroto Shodhana (clearing and widening of the minute body channels)
 By further increase of Dosha
 By Vishyandana (liquefaction)
 By Paka (Pachana)
 By balancing and controlling Vata.
 When Dosha move from one place to other, they remain there for some time, waiting for an
exciting factor. After getting strength from season, time etc, they get further aggravated and
move to other places as well.
 Usually, the Triyaggata Dosha – which are not localized in Koshtha but localized in the
Dhatu, cause troubles to the patient for a long time. They should not be treated rapidly. They
should be carefully treated only after determining the strength of the body and Agni. They
should be mitigated with stipulated palliative treatment or they should be brought into the
Koshtha and then they should be expelled out by the nearby route (either by mouth – by
Vamana or by anal route, by Virechana).
 Sama Dosha Lakshana: When imbalanced Dosha get associated with Ama, it is called as
Saama Dosha. The features of Sama Dosha are:
 Srotorodha - Obstruction of the channels, pores
 Balabhramsha - loss of strength
 Gaurava - feeling of heaviness of the body,
 Anila Mudhata - inactivity of Vata
 Alasya - laziness, lassitude
 Apakti - loss of digestive power,
 Nishteeva - Person spits saliva frequently, more of expectoration,
 Malasanga - constipation or low frequency of urination leading to accumulation of
wastes
 Aruchi - anorexia
 Klama – exhaustion
The opposites of the above symptoms are of the Nirama Dosha –Dosha not mixed up with
the Ama.
 Definition of Ama (Ama Utpatti):
 Soon after digestion process, the useful part gets separated from the waste. The
useful, nutrition rich part is called as Rasa Dhatu. Due to lack of Agni (digestion

4. Ashtang Hridaya
Dr. Abdeli Bhadarva Page 4
strength), The Rasa Dhatu does not form well, it remains in raw, weak form. It gets
vitiated; it stays in the Amashaya (stomach and intestines) itself, and becomes ‘Ama’.
 Other authors opine that Ama gets formed from intimate mixing with one another of
greatly increased Dosha.
 Sama Dosha & Sama Vyadhi:
 The Dosha and Dushya (Dhatu and Mala) which get mixed with this Ama are
designated as Sama – mixed with Ama.
 The diseases originating from this Saama Dosha are called as Saama Vyadhi.
 Sama Dosha chikitsa:
 The Sama Dosha which are spread all over the body, which are hidden in the Dhatu
and which are not moving out of their places of accumulation, should not be forced
out by purification Panchakarma therapies like Vamana, Virechana etc.
 Just as attempts of extracting juice from an unripe fruit leads to destruction, the
dwelling place itself will get destroyed if Dosha are tried to expel out along with
Ama.
 Sama Dosha should be treated:
 First with drugs which are Pachana and Deepana.
 Next with Snehana and Swedana therapies
 And - finally they should be expelled out with Shodhana therapies-
Vamana, Virechana at the proper time, and in accordance with the
strength of the patient.
 Drugs administered through the mouth, bring out the Mala- Dosha from
the Amashaya.
 Drugs administered through the nose bring out the Dosha from the parts
above the shoulders.
 Drugs administered through the rectum bring out the Dosha from the
Pakvashaya.
 Sama Dosha which are greatly increased and going out of the body on
their own accord, either in the upward or downward routes- vomiting and
purging respectively should not be stopped by medicines. If they are
stopped, they produce diseases.
 Such Dosha which are going out should be ignored in the early stage and
the patient should be given suitable foods- light food. Next in the second
stage they should be cooked with Pachana drugs or removed out by
Shodhana therapies.
 Time for Shodhana therapy:
Dosha Chaya stage Shodhana time Therapy used for Shodhana
Vata Grishma Shravana Basti
Pitta Varsha Kartika Virechana
Kapha Hima (Hemanta-Shishira) Chaitra Vamana

5. Ashtang Hridaya
Dr. Abdeli Bhadarva Page 5
 Grishma, Varsha and Hemanta [summer, rainy season and winter]- have too much of heat,
rain and cold respectively; in the period in between these, known as Sadharana Kala; the
Dosha should be cleared out.
 After having overcome the effects of cold, hot and rainy seasons suitably- by adopting
appropriate protective methods necessary treatment – therapies should be administered.
 The Kriyakala- stages of disease evolution should not be allowed to progress- further.
Aushadha Sevana Kala – time of administration of medicines
Medicines should be administered,
1. Ananna – on empty / when there is no food- in the stomach
2. Annadau – just before food or at the beginning of food intake,
3. Anna madhye – during / in between food intake
4. Anna ante – at the end of food intake.
5. Kavalantare – in between morsels
6. Grase Grase – with each morsel
7. Muhu – frequently, repeatedly, many a times a day
8. Sa annam – mixed with food
9. Samudgam – before and after food
10. Nishi – at night, bed time.
Medicines should be administered,
1. Ananna: on empty stomach – For diseases arising from increase of Kapha, which are
severe and for persons who are strong, the time of administration of medicine shall be
when there is no food- in the stomach.
2. Annadau: just before food or at the beginning of food intake – in disorders of Apanavata.
3. Anna Madhye: During / in between food intake – in disorders of Samana Vata.
4. Anna ante: at the end of food intake – in disorders of Vyana vata at the end of the
morning meal, in disorders of Udana vata at the end of evening meal.
5. Kavalantare: in between morsels and 6. Grase Grase: With each morsel- in disorders of
Prana- Vata
7. Muhu: Repeatedly, many a times a day – in diseases produced by poison, vomiting, thirst,
Hikka, Shwasa and Kasa.
8. Sa annam: Mixed with various types of tasty and varieties of food articles - in anorexia.
9. Samudgam: before and after food – in tremors, Akshepaka (convulsions), Hikka.
10. Nishi: at night, bed time – for diseases affecting head and neck.