This document defines benign and malignant tumors and compares their key differences. It begins by introducing tumors and their classification into two main types: benign and malignant. Benign tumors are slow-growing and self-contained, while malignant tumors are usually fast-growing and can invade nearby tissues and spread to other parts of the body. The document then discusses in more detail the causes, symptoms, treatments and examples of both benign and malignant tumors.

1. Benign And Malignant Tumor
Presented by
Miss. P
. G. Puranik
M.Sc. Zoology B.Ed. Ph.D Pursuing
P
. G. Department Of Zoology
Shri Shivaji Science College, Amravati
2021 - 2022

2. CONTENTS
• Introduction
• Definition of tumor
• Classification of tumor
1. Benign tumor
2. Malignant tumor
• References

3. INTRODUCTION
• Tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue
• Also known as Neoplasm
• Means the new formation
• Oncology (oncos = tumor) is the study of tumors or neoplasm

4. DEFINITION OF TUMOR
• A tumor is a mass of tissue that's formed by an accumulation of abnormal cells.
• Normally, the cells in your body age, die, and are replaced by new cells. With
cancer and other tumors, something disrupts this cycle. Tumor cells grow, even
though the body does not need them, and unlike normal old cells, they don't
die.
• As this process goes on, the tumor continues to grow as more and more cells
are added to the mass.

5. CLASSIFICATION OF TUMOR
1. Benign tumor – A slow growing, self contained tumor that is not seriously harmful.
2. Malignant Tumor – A usually fast growing, often fatal tumor that invades
surrounding tissue and sheds cells that spread throughout the body, creating new
tumor.

6. BENIGN TUMOR
• Benign tumor are non Malignant or non cancerous tumor.
• A benign tumor is usually localized, and does not spread (metastasize) to other
parts of the body.
• Benign tumors are typically slow growing.
• Most benign tumors respond well to treatment and they often have well defined
borders, so surgical removal can be an effective treatment.
• However, if left untreated, some benign tumors can grow large and leads to serious
disease because of their size.
• Eg : fibroid in the uterus, lipomas in skin

7. CAUSES
• Environmental toxins, Such as Exposure to Radiation.
• Genetic mutation
• Diet
• Injury
• Infection

8. SYMPTOMS
Depending on the location, possible symptoms of a benign tumor include:
• Headache
• Vision trouble
• Fuzzy memory
• Chills
• Discomfort or pain
• Fever
• Weight loss
• Night sweats

9. TREATMENT
• In many cases, benign tumors need no treatment.
• Doctors may simply use “watchful waiting” to make sure they cause no problem.
• But treatment may be needed if symptoms are a problem.
• Surgery is a common type of treatment for benign tumors.
• The goal is to remove the tumor without damaging surrounding tissues.

10. EXAMPLES
• Lipomas grow from fat cells. They are the most common benign tumor in adults, often found
in the neck, shoulder, back or arm.
• Myomas are tumors that grow from muscle.
• Nevi (moles) are growths on the skin.
• Osteochondromas are the most common type of benign bone tumor.
• Adenomas: cancer of glandular epithelial cell: colon brest tumor, liver

11. BENIGN TUMOR
LIPOMAS SKIN MOLES

12. MALIGNANT TUMOR
• A Malignant Tumor is a cancerous tumor.
• Malignant tumors have cells that are abnormal and divide uncontrollably
without order.
• Some tumors are caused by the genetic mutation.
• These cells are often spread to and damage nearby tissue and may spread to
other parts of the body, which is known as metastasis.

13. CAUSES
• Genetic mutation
• Radiation
• Bacteria and viruses also can cause cancer
• Lifestyle and many more

14. SYMPTOMS
• Severe, persistent headache
• Seizures (brain disturbed) epilepsy
• Vomiting
• Mental or behavioural changes, such as memory problems or changes in
personality
• Vision problems

15. TREATMENT
• Surgery
• Chemotherapy
• Radiotherapy
• Hormone therapy
• Stem cell therapy

16. EXAMPLES
• Carcinomas :covers internal and external parts of the body.
• Sarcomas: located in bone, cartilage, muscles and etc.
• Lymphomas: In lymph nodes and immune system response.
• Adenoma: In the thyroid gland, adrenal gland and other glands.
• Osteosarcoma : It is a type of bone cancer that begins in the cells that form bones .

17. MALIGNANT TUMOR
LUNG CANCER BREAST CANCER

18. Fig : Benign and malignant tumor

19. REFERENCES
• 1) Kumar P
., Mina U., 2015 Life sciences fundamentals and practice- I Fith edition
,Pathfinder Publication New Delhi India.
• 2) https://www.mayoclinic.org

20. THANKYOU