Ethiopia has a long history of beekeeping and is one of the largest producers of honey and beeswax in Africa. Beekeeping is practiced across Ethiopia's diverse agroecological zones and involves traditional, transitional, and modern beehive methods. Key challenges to beekeeping include diseases, climate impacts, and loss of foraging lands. Despite challenges, beekeeping remains important for incomes, nutrition, and pollination in Ethiopia.
Importance of livestock production from grasslands for national and local foo...ILRI
Presented by Iain A Wright, Polly Ericksen, Andrew Mude, Lance W. Robinson and Jason Sircely at the International Grassland Congress, New Delhi, 20-24 November 2015
The non-conventional feed resources (NCFR) refer to all those feeds that have not been traditionally used in animal feeding and or are not normally used in commercially produced rations for livestock.
NCFR include commonly, a variety of feeds from perennial crops and feeds of animal and industrial origin.
The roles of livestock in achieving the sustainable development goalsILRI
Presented by Iain A Wright, Deputy Director General-Research (ILRI) at the 25 Anniversary Conference of the Ethiopian Society for Animal Production (ESAP), Haramaya, Ethiopia, 24–26 August 2017
Priority areas of livestock sector for strengthening food and nutrition secur...ILRI
Presented by Tek B. Gurung and Bimal K. Nirmal at the Workshop on transforming livelihoods in South Asia through sustainable livestock research and development, Kathmandu, Nepal, 13-14 November 2018
Importance of livestock production from grasslands for national and local foo...ILRI
Presented by Iain A Wright, Polly Ericksen, Andrew Mude, Lance W. Robinson and Jason Sircely at the International Grassland Congress, New Delhi, 20-24 November 2015
The non-conventional feed resources (NCFR) refer to all those feeds that have not been traditionally used in animal feeding and or are not normally used in commercially produced rations for livestock.
NCFR include commonly, a variety of feeds from perennial crops and feeds of animal and industrial origin.
The roles of livestock in achieving the sustainable development goalsILRI
Presented by Iain A Wright, Deputy Director General-Research (ILRI) at the 25 Anniversary Conference of the Ethiopian Society for Animal Production (ESAP), Haramaya, Ethiopia, 24–26 August 2017
Priority areas of livestock sector for strengthening food and nutrition secur...ILRI
Presented by Tek B. Gurung and Bimal K. Nirmal at the Workshop on transforming livelihoods in South Asia through sustainable livestock research and development, Kathmandu, Nepal, 13-14 November 2018
Role of livestock in national economy and population dynamics.
Provide livelihood to 2-3rd of rural community.
Also provides employment to 8.8% of the population in India.
20.5 million people depend upon livestock for their livelihood.
Livestock contribute to 16% to the income of small farm households.
Contributes to 4.11% of GDP and 25.6% of total agriculture GDP.
Presentation by Mario Herrero, Philip Thornton and Iain Wright to Workshop on climate change vulnerability and adaptation in the livestock sector, Kathmandu, Nepal, 28-29 October 2010.
Advances in vitamin & mineral nutrition in livestockRameswar Panda
feeding management cannot be ignored under any circumstances. This presentation depicts the tangential and burning points related to the role and significance of Vitamins and minerals for the livestock
Different methods to calculateEnergy requirement for maintenance, growth, pregnancy, and lactation in ruminants
Sri Venkateswara veterinary university, Animal nutrition, Vishnu Vardhan Reddy
Hello dear audience
I made this video just to share what I know with anyone interested to know about beekeeping especially the Ethiopian beekeeping practices. Some of the picture I used in the slides are not mine and I got them from online published research articles and reports. I apologize the owners for not asking for their permission to use on my slides. Dear audience, do not hesitate to contact me with any communication media you want to give comment or suggestion or to ask me any question related to beekeeping.
Role of livestock in national economy and population dynamics.
Provide livelihood to 2-3rd of rural community.
Also provides employment to 8.8% of the population in India.
20.5 million people depend upon livestock for their livelihood.
Livestock contribute to 16% to the income of small farm households.
Contributes to 4.11% of GDP and 25.6% of total agriculture GDP.
Presentation by Mario Herrero, Philip Thornton and Iain Wright to Workshop on climate change vulnerability and adaptation in the livestock sector, Kathmandu, Nepal, 28-29 October 2010.
Advances in vitamin & mineral nutrition in livestockRameswar Panda
feeding management cannot be ignored under any circumstances. This presentation depicts the tangential and burning points related to the role and significance of Vitamins and minerals for the livestock
Different methods to calculateEnergy requirement for maintenance, growth, pregnancy, and lactation in ruminants
Sri Venkateswara veterinary university, Animal nutrition, Vishnu Vardhan Reddy
Hello dear audience
I made this video just to share what I know with anyone interested to know about beekeeping especially the Ethiopian beekeeping practices. Some of the picture I used in the slides are not mine and I got them from online published research articles and reports. I apologize the owners for not asking for their permission to use on my slides. Dear audience, do not hesitate to contact me with any communication media you want to give comment or suggestion or to ask me any question related to beekeeping.
learn about bee friendly practices, top bar hives and how to manage bees when the well being of the bees is more important than harvesting the honey. See how developing countries are using the top bar hive as a cheap alternative to the langstroth hive
2012 Michigan Beekeepers Association Annual Spring Conference - Beekeepers On...Jonathan Engelsma
Now that you have your bees all tucked in for the long Michigan winter, it’s time to get online and broaden your beekeeping horizons by learning from others, and also sharing what you’ve learned during the past season. In this talk we will survey some of the top beekeeping related destinations online, including the MBA’s brand new website! We will also provide a short tutorial on how you can easily create a professional beekeeping website to promote your own beekeeping hobby or business and grow your online beekeeping network via social media integration.
Методичні рекомендації щодо національно-патріотичного виховання у загальноосв...Наталья Полищук
Методичні рекомендації щодо національно-патріотичного виховання у загальноосвітніх навчальних закладах щодо Концепції національно - патріотичного виховання дітей та молоді. Додаток до наказу МОН України від 16.06.2015 року № 641
Livestock Master Plan (LMP): Roadmaps for the Ethiopia Growth and Transformat...ILRI
Presented by Barry Shapiro at the Rural Economic Development and Food Security Sector Working Group Broader Platform meeting, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2 July 2015
Honeybees are essential pollinators, playing a crucial role in our food security and biodiversity. However, they face various threats like Colony Collapse Disorder and habitat loss. We can all help by planting bee-friendly gardens, avoiding harmful pesticides, and supporting local beekeepers.
Bees Play an important part in oor lives. This presentation will help understand the history of beekeeping, the products we get from bees and the issues in beekeeping
Bee keeping - supporting business to Indian farming lekshmi. anil
welcome
1- introduction
2- different spp of honey bees and their characteristics
3-bee keeping and its history
4-methods of bee keeping
5-appliances for bee keeping
6-bee pasturage
7-products of bee keeping( enlisted)
8-diseases and pests of honey bees
9- how bee keeping a supporting business to indian farming
10- success story of bee keeping
11-scopes of bee keeping
Presentation by Patricia Rodrigues on conservation of birds in Ethiopian coffee forest. Presented in September 2016 at the SCB Meeting in Morocco. Findings are preliminary.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
The increased availability of biomedical data, particularly in the public domain, offers the opportunity to better understand human health and to develop effective therapeutics for a wide range of unmet medical needs. However, data scientists remain stymied by the fact that data remain hard to find and to productively reuse because data and their metadata i) are wholly inaccessible, ii) are in non-standard or incompatible representations, iii) do not conform to community standards, and iv) have unclear or highly restricted terms and conditions that preclude legitimate reuse. These limitations require a rethink on data can be made machine and AI-ready - the key motivation behind the FAIR Guiding Principles. Concurrently, while recent efforts have explored the use of deep learning to fuse disparate data into predictive models for a wide range of biomedical applications, these models often fail even when the correct answer is already known, and fail to explain individual predictions in terms that data scientists can appreciate. These limitations suggest that new methods to produce practical artificial intelligence are still needed.
In this talk, I will discuss our work in (1) building an integrative knowledge infrastructure to prepare FAIR and "AI-ready" data and services along with (2) neurosymbolic AI methods to improve the quality of predictions and to generate plausible explanations. Attention is given to standards, platforms, and methods to wrangle knowledge into simple, but effective semantic and latent representations, and to make these available into standards-compliant and discoverable interfaces that can be used in model building, validation, and explanation. Our work, and those of others in the field, creates a baseline for building trustworthy and easy to deploy AI models in biomedicine.
Bio
Dr. Michel Dumontier is the Distinguished Professor of Data Science at Maastricht University, founder and executive director of the Institute of Data Science, and co-founder of the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) data principles. His research explores socio-technological approaches for responsible discovery science, which includes collaborative multi-modal knowledge graphs, privacy-preserving distributed data mining, and AI methods for drug discovery and personalized medicine. His work is supported through the Dutch National Research Agenda, the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, Horizon Europe, the European Open Science Cloud, the US National Institutes of Health, and a Marie-Curie Innovative Training Network. He is the editor-in-chief for the journal Data Science and is internationally recognized for his contributions in bioinformatics, biomedical informatics, and semantic technologies including ontologies and linked data.
Richard's entangled aventures in wonderlandRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
2. Content of the slides
Introduction to Ethiopia
Ethiopian agro-ecology and biodiversity
History of Beekeeping in Ethiopia
Honeybees’ forages resource
Honeybee races in the country
Beehives and its production capacities
Honey and beeswax production
Socio-econonmic importance
Contemporary challenges
3. Introduction to Ethiopia
Located: on the horn of Africa (GPS coordinate: 9.0167° N, 38.7500° E)
Population: 96.51 million by 2014,
2nd populous nation in Africa
13th populous nation in the world
Area: 1.1 million square kilometer
Area: 26th largest country in the world
GDP: 9th largest economy in Africa
Became the most populous landlocked country in the world after Eritrea seceded
Ethiopia: Land of beauties
4. Ethiopian agro-ecology and biodiversity
Ethiopia have 18 different agro-ecological zones
Home for most diverse flora and fauna in Africa
Its woodland and natural forests consist of various species of plant that provide surplus nectar and
pollen to foraging bees
Ethiopia has a wide range of altitudes favoring the existence of different types of natural vegetation
that includes dense forests, bushes, herbs, weeds and undergrowth
5. Ethiopian agro… continued
There are about 7,000 plants species that have been identified to exist in the country, out of which more
400 are identified as nectar and pollen sources
As a result, Ethiopia has the largest bees population in Africa with over 10 million bee colonies, of which
up to 7.5 million are estimated to be hived while 2.5 million lives in the forest and crevices
These all indicates Ethiopia has a huge natural resource base for honey production
6. Worth knowing:
The lowest altitude in Ethiopia is a place called Danakil and has 125 meters
below sea level, 6th lowest places on earth
The highest altitude in Ethiopia is mount Ras Dashen and has 4,625 meter
above sea level, 23rd tallest mountain in the world
8. History of Beekeeping in Ethiopia
History books: beekeeping has started in the country between 3,500 - 3,000 BC
Ethiopian practices beekeeping as an integral part of other agricultural activities
Currently more than 2 million households practices beekeeping as their major livelihood
But beekeeping sector is mainly dominated by small-scale farmers
In rural area both men and women carry out beekeeping in home gardens and
even in houses
There is no a single ethnic group or tribe in Ethiopia who
doesn't practice beekeeping
9. History of Beekeeping in Ethiopia continued
Honey Hunting is common in few remote west and southwest parts of the
country
There is Forest Beekeeping System that is still being practiced in the forest
covered areas
Backyard beekeeping is the most common type of beekeeping in the country
including urban areas
Beekeeping is mostly practiced in traditional way, in small scale
10. Honeybees’ forage resources
So far, more than 400 plants have been identified as major honeybees’ forage but their presence varies
from one part of the country to the other
Therefore, it is expected to have a very diversified honey types from this diversified honeybee forages
11. Serial
number
Scientific name local name Common name Plant Type
1 Maytenus obscura Gora Spike thorn Shrub
2 Duranta repens Kombolcha Golden dewdrop Shrub
3 Vernonia amygdalina Ebicha Bitter leaf Shrub
4 Vernonia auriculata Reji Ironweed Shrub
5 Hypoestes forskali Dergu Herb
6 Syzgium guineense Badessa Waterberry Tree
7 Eucalyptus spp bargemo Tree
8 Apodytes dimidiate Oda beda Tree
9 Acacia sibirana Lafto Tree
10 Prunus Africana Miessa Tree
11 Schefflera abyssinica Gatame Tree
12 Croton macrostachys Mokonisa Afrikankrotoni Tree
13 Guizotia scabra Adala Sunflecks Herb
14 Cordia Africana Wodesa Tree
15 Dovalis abyssinica Koshim Shrub
16 Caucanthus auriculatus Gale Climber
17 Schinus molle Turimanturi Peruvian pepper Tree
Honeybeeforages
12. Honeybee races in the country
The honeybee colonies in Ethiopia are grouped in to five different honeybee races occupying ecologically
different areas of the country
Ex:
Apis mellifera jemenitica mainly found in the northwest and eastern part of the country
Apis mellifera scutellata mainly found in the west, south and southwest part of the country
Apis mellifera bandasii, in the central part of the country
Apis mellifera monticola from the northern mountainous highlands
Apis mellifera woyi-gambella in south western parts of the country
Currently, about 10,000,000 colony exists in the country
Ranks 1st in Africa and 9th in the world
13. Beehives and its production capacities
Traditional beekeeping is mostly practiced with different types of traditional hives
Hives are very much diversified in shape, volume and the materials used depending on the cultural
differences and the local materials available for construction
Colonies in traditional beehives account for about 90% of the total hived honeybee population
The productivity of traditional hives is low and the average yield is only about 5–8kg(11-17.6lbs)/per
colony/per annum
The annual honey production in the country is increasing and has reached quite higher than 71,200MT in
2014
14. Beehives and its production capacities continued
Three types beehives are being used in the country
1. Traditional hives – no frame
2. Transitional or intermediate hives – moveable top-bar
3. Modern hives (only langstroth) – moveable frame
In proportion of the above 3 types of hives: 90% 3% and 7% of traditional, intermediate and modern hives respectively
15. Traditional hives
Traditional hives: are cylindrical in shape with a little bit over 1m (3.28
foot) in length and diameter of around 20cm (0.66 foot)
18. Beehives and its production capacities
Traditional hive produces 64% nationally produced honey with 5.5kg (12.1lb) honey per hive per
harvest
Intermediate hive contributes about 6% of national production but 20kg (44lb) honey per hive harvest
Modern hives contributes about 30% of national production with 33kg (72.7lb) honey per hive harvest
19. Honey and beeswax production
Honey production: 1st in Africa and 9th in the world
Beeswax production:1st in Africa and 3rd largest in the world
More than 5,200MT beeswax being produced, 3rd in the world
20. Honey production
Ethiopia
Honey: 71,220MT
Honeybees Colony: 7.5
million
U.S.A
Honey 80,000MT
Honeybees Colony 2.74 million
Canada
Honey: 75,488MT
Honeybees Colony : 672
thousand
• But 85% of the honey is locally consumed for the brewing of ‘Tej’ (honey-wine, a mild alcoholic beverage
popular throughout Ethiopia) leaving only 15% for export
• There are generally two honey harvesting seasons: the major one that lasts from October to November and
the secondary one from April to June
• In addition to these major harvesting periods, there are many small harvesting periods which depend on the
type of flowering plants and rainfall patterns
21. Honey production and consumption
Table honey is also widely consumed in Ethiopia
No family celebration or gathering can take place in Ethiopia without Tej, honey-wine
The largest portion of honey produced in the country comes from forest beekeeping; the practice of
honey collection from colonies in forest
Honey is also considered as medicine to cure some ailments
22. Beeswax production
There is an annual beeswax (honey comb) production of 5,200MT
It is largely collected from traditional hives rather than modern hives
The beeswax yield from traditional hives is 8 - 10 percent of the honey yield, compared to 0.5 - 2
percent from modern hives
Ethiopian beeswax is a by-product of the Tej production and mainly exported and also used in religious
ceremonies and floor waxing
After China and Mexico, Ethiopia is the 3rd largest wax producing country
24. Socio-economic importance
Dietary use:
Honey is a useful source of high-carbohydrate food, and usually contains a rich diversity of minor
constitutes (minerals, vitamins, and proteins), adding nutritional quality to human diets
Source of income:
The most important income-generating activities in the rural communities
Pollination service:
Play a significant role in increasing yield of crop
Social benefits:
Has considerable socio-cultural significance, Tej (honey wine)
25. Places where beekeepers place their hives
Backyard
Hanging on tree near home stead
Hanging on trees in the forest