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BASICS OF ELECTRICAL MODULE
The document provides an overview of basic electrical concepts, including the principles of electricity and notable figures such as Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Edison. It explains the nature of electrical circuits, the types of circuits (series and parallel), and the concept of resistance, including Ohm's law and classifications of resistors. Additionally, it describes variable resistors and their behavior under different conditions, such as temperature and light intensity.
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BASICS OF ELECTRICAL MODULE
- 1. BASICS OF ELECTRICLE MODULE BYKUNAL PATIL ADAM 2016-2017
- 2. People Benjamin Franklin Thomas Edison •Why are they important?
- 3. • Benjamin Franklin •Proved that lightning was electricity by flying a kite in a lightning storm • Helped people understand the principles of electricity • Thomas Edison –Invented the electrical light bulb
- 4. What is electricity? •Electricity is a form of energy • It is caused by a flow of tiny particles called electrons through a material
- 5. Electricity Electricity is aflow of electric charges along a wire. •This flow of electric charge is called a current •Current is measured in the units of Amps (A)
- 6. What is anElectrical Circuit? • A circuit is an electrical device that provides a path for electricity to flow.
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- 8. Resistor • A resistorcan change the amount of current in a circuit • In a variable resistor, the resistance can be changed.
- 10. Types of circuit Thereare two types of electrical circuits; SERIES CIRCUITS PARALLEL CIRCUITS
- 11. • The componentsare connected end-to-end, one after the other • They make a simple loop for the current to flow round. •Voltage is shared between the components SERIES CIRCUITS 1.5V 1.5V 3V
- 12. PARALLEL CIRCUITS •The componentsare connected side by side. •The current has a choice of routes (paths). •voltage is the same in all parts of the circuit 3V 3V 3V
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- 14. DEFINITION OF 1OHM The resistance of a conductor is said to be 1 Ohm, if current of 1 ampere flows through it when a potential difference of 1volt is applied its ends.
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- 16. UNIT OF CONVERSION PrefixSymbol Multiplier Power of Ten Terra T 1,000,000,000,000 1012 Giga G 1,000,000,000 109 Mega M 1,000,000 106 kilo k 1,000 103 none none 1 100 centi c 1/100 10-2 milli m 1/1,000 10-3 micro µ 1/1,000,000 10-6 nano n 1/1,000,000,000 10-9 pico p 1/1,000,000,000,000 10-12
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- 18. LINEAR RESISTOR •Resistors, whichvalues change with the applied voltage and temperature, are called linear resistors. •They are subdivided as FIXED and VARIABLE Resistor.
- 19. OHM’S LAW •Ohm establishedin the late 1820’s •Ohm's law states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points.V = I*R I = V/R R = V/I
- 20. NON-LINEAR RESISTOR •Nonlinear resistorsare those resistors, where the current flowing through it does not change according to Ohm’s Law but, changes with change in temperature or applied voltage
- 21. Thermister •It is avariable resistor which notices the change in temperature. •Its Resistance is inversely proportional to the temperature •Thermisteres has a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) but there is also a PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient)
- 22. Voltage Dependent Resistors •Theresistance of a VDR is variable and depends on the voltage applied •Their resistance decreases when the voltage increases.
- 23. Light Dependent Resistors Resistorwhich terminal value of resistance changes with light intensity, When light falls on the photoconductive cells (LDR or Photo resistor), then there is an increase in the free carriers (electron hole pairs) due to light energy, which reduce the resistance of semiconductor material.