Chapter 24 outlines the essential principles of writing reports, emphasizing the importance of accuracy, clarity, and appropriate style tailored to the audience. It advises on effective research methods, the structuring of sentences and paragraphs, and the use of straightforward language, while also highlighting the need for logical organization and careful presentation of information. Furthermore, it stresses the significance of audience consideration, tact, and the careful delivery of sensitive information.

1. Basic Principles
of
Writing Reports
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2. Accuracy is absolutely essential and the only
way to ensure it is to be meticulous and
painstaking in collecting and recording facts;
and handling them. Information and facts
can be collected from library, subject
catalogue, people working in areas related
to subjects and personal observation.
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3. The art of speaking and listening to
people, the skills of note-taking,
summarizing and looking up
reference material, are invaluable in
preparing for writing report.
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4. The English language is capable of many
different styles which must be suitable to the
purpose and the readership of the report..
The report should be simple, concise and
straightforward.
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5. Understanding the report depends on its preparation,
layout and step by step presentation. Words,
phrases, sentences, paragraphs and chapters are
the units of expression which must be handled
skillfully in order to have a good and appropriate
style.
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6. Short and simple words are commonly used
and easily understood. Long words are used
for fine, subtle effects which give life and
flair to the style. Besides meaning, the
usage and context must be taken into
account
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7. Phrase is a cluster of words which is a unit
of meaning
It’s a discrete statement which expresses one
idea and sometimes several ideas which need
to be combined in a proper relationship.
Sentence can be simple, compound and
complex
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8. A simple sentence is used for giving instructions,
making observations; compound sentences are
used to convey coordinate ideas which imply
progression, balance, comparison or contrast;
complex sentences are used for the expression
of fine, subtle and complicated ideas. In repots it
is better to write simple and compound
sentences.
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9. It’s a group of associated sentences
defining and developing an aspect of a
subject
It is used for introducing, developing,
explaining, classifying, describing, comparing,
summarizing and concluding.
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10. It is the main division
The length of chapter depend on the
length of the report, the number of
aspects investigated, the layout and the
style of presentation. Its plan should be
logical
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11. Technical writing needs the facts, logical
sequencing of facts and arguments,
statement of facts in plain,
grammatically correct and properly
punctuated English and adequate
information and illustration to support
the facts
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12. Business writing requires a bare, clear
style for statement of facts. Clarity
and concise are the most important
qualities of style.
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13. Working principles to be followed which are:
•Always keep the reader and his needs
in mind
•Choose simple words, short sentences,
short paragraphs
•Avoid adverbs, adjectives, emphatic
words unless necessary
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14. Working principles to be followed which are:
•Be specific and precise
•Never exaggerate
•Write to inform not to impress
•Observe the 3 fys (Simplify, justify and Quantify)
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15. Working principles to be followed which are:
The 3 fys (Simplify, justify and Quantify)
Simplify : keep the essentials
Justify : support every statement/assertion with
facts
Quantify : give dimensions, weights, amounts,
volumes as required
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16. The writing should be in order as
main body, conclusion,
recommendations, introduction,
ancillary parts, summary or
synopsis
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17. The impact of the
presented facts on
members of the
organization must be
considered.
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18. Tact, diplomacy and
persuasiveness will be needed.
Stating defects and
shortcomings requires careful
handling especially if they reflect
on a person’s ability
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19. Human
sensitiveness
must be
respected.
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