Role of Child Health Nurse in caring of Hospital ChildAlka Singh
Subject : Child Health Nursing. Topic : Role Of Child Health Nurse In Child care at Hospital, Nursing Diagnosis, Various Measures to make hospital Child Friendly, Nurses Role in Care Of Toddlers, Infants, School Children, Adolescent.
Breastfeeding, also called nursing, is the process of feeding a mother's breast milk to her infant, either directly from the breast or by expressing (pumping out) the milk from the breast and bottle-feeding it to the infant
Basic concept about weaning
about--introduction,meaning,principle,feeding in different age,preparation of food,food in different age,qualities ofvweaning food,weaning practice monitor,delayed weaning
Role of Child Health Nurse in caring of Hospital ChildAlka Singh
Subject : Child Health Nursing. Topic : Role Of Child Health Nurse In Child care at Hospital, Nursing Diagnosis, Various Measures to make hospital Child Friendly, Nurses Role in Care Of Toddlers, Infants, School Children, Adolescent.
Breastfeeding, also called nursing, is the process of feeding a mother's breast milk to her infant, either directly from the breast or by expressing (pumping out) the milk from the breast and bottle-feeding it to the infant
Basic concept about weaning
about--introduction,meaning,principle,feeding in different age,preparation of food,food in different age,qualities ofvweaning food,weaning practice monitor,delayed weaning
Effect of Hospitalization on Child and Family Jyotika Abraham
Understand the effects of Hospitalization on the child who is admitted along with the siblings, parents and caregivers and the family. Also, understand the Nurses' responsibility towards the admitted child and the family. This Ppt. deals with the Nurses responsibility in detail not only towards the child but also towards the family as they are also tremendously affected by the hospitalization of their child. Understand the stress caused by child hospitalization, the defence mechanisms used by the child, the stressors of hospitalization in children of different age groups, Post hospitalization behaviour, beneficial effects of hospitalization, parental reaction, sibling reaction, informed consent for care, situations in which consent is required. Nursing management and therapeutic care, the safety of the hospitalized child, special hospital situations and discharge.
Icds integerated child development schemeDRISHTI .
this power point presentation describes about the ICDS scheme launched by the government of India. have a look for details. it also gives the SWOT analysis of the scheme,
try these child nutrition books
https://amzn.to/2D8116s
https://amzn.to/3gpQ4LP
https://amzn.to/2VHSHRp
https://amzn.to/3gtrxWl
https://amzn.to/31G01k3
Integrated child development services (icds) 2021Noddy Prabhat
Integrated child development services
1. introduction of icds.
2. describe the objectives of icds.
3. explain beneficiary of icds.
4. enumerate of icds team.
5. discuss the role of the health department.
6. elaborate the services under icds.
7. focuses of major achievement of icds .
8. Conclusion.
9. Bibliography.
Effect of Hospitalization on Child and Family Jyotika Abraham
Understand the effects of Hospitalization on the child who is admitted along with the siblings, parents and caregivers and the family. Also, understand the Nurses' responsibility towards the admitted child and the family. This Ppt. deals with the Nurses responsibility in detail not only towards the child but also towards the family as they are also tremendously affected by the hospitalization of their child. Understand the stress caused by child hospitalization, the defence mechanisms used by the child, the stressors of hospitalization in children of different age groups, Post hospitalization behaviour, beneficial effects of hospitalization, parental reaction, sibling reaction, informed consent for care, situations in which consent is required. Nursing management and therapeutic care, the safety of the hospitalized child, special hospital situations and discharge.
Icds integerated child development schemeDRISHTI .
this power point presentation describes about the ICDS scheme launched by the government of India. have a look for details. it also gives the SWOT analysis of the scheme,
try these child nutrition books
https://amzn.to/2D8116s
https://amzn.to/3gpQ4LP
https://amzn.to/2VHSHRp
https://amzn.to/3gtrxWl
https://amzn.to/31G01k3
Integrated child development services (icds) 2021Noddy Prabhat
Integrated child development services
1. introduction of icds.
2. describe the objectives of icds.
3. explain beneficiary of icds.
4. enumerate of icds team.
5. discuss the role of the health department.
6. elaborate the services under icds.
7. focuses of major achievement of icds .
8. Conclusion.
9. Bibliography.
CINI NGO (child in need institute) PROJECT.pptxNabanitaDas33
On job training in a highly reputed NGO like CINI- Child in Need Institute is a
great opportunity to learn about community services at the grass-root level. Our
training was from 19th December, 2019 to 4th January, 2020. Our course
facilitator Miss. Reetushri sen took the session. This file contains summery of
my 14 days learning experience and activities.
Mother & Child is a vulnerable group. But many areas concerned with the health of these groups are preventable. This presentation helps you identify preventive aspects in pediatrics.
INTRODUCTION
The concept of “Primary Health Care” came into existence, following a joint WHO-UNICEF International Conference at Alma-Ata, USSR on 12th September 1978.
The governments of 134 Countries and many voluntary agencies at Alma-Ata Conference called for acceptance of WHO goal of “Health for All by 2000 AD” and proclaimed Primary Health Care as a way to achieving Health for All.
This approach has been described as “Health by the people” and “placing people’s health in people’s hand”.
Primary Health Care is the first level of contact of individuals, the family and community with the national health system, where essential health care is provided.
At this level that health care will be most effective within the context of the area’s need and limitations.
DEFINITION
• Primary Health Care is defined as,
“Essential health care based on practical, scientifically, sound and socially acceptable methods and technology made universally accessible to individuals and families in the community through their full participation and at a cost that community and the country can afford to maintain at every stage of their development in the spirit of self-determination.”
• The Alma-Ata Conference defined Primary Health Care as follows: -
“Primary health care is essential health care made universally accessible to individuals and acceptable to them, through their full participation and at a cost the community and country can afford.”
CHARACTERISTICS OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
• It is essential health care, which is based on practical, scientifically sound and socially acceptable methods and technology.
• It should be rendered universally acceptable to individuals and the families in the community through their full participations.
• Its availability should be at a cost, which the community and country can afford to maintain at every stage of their development in a spirit of self-reliance and self-development.
• It requires joint efforts of the health sector and other health related sector like education, food and agriculture, social welfare, animal husbandry, housing, etc.
ELEMENTS OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
The Alma-Ata Declaration has outlined 8 essential components of Primary health care,
1. Education concerning prevailing health problems and the methods of preventing and controlling them.
2. Promotion of food supply and proper nutrition.
3. An adequate supply of safe water and basic sanitation.
4. Maternal and child health care, including family planning.
5. Immunization against major infectious diseases.
6. Prevention and control of locally endemic diseases.
7. Appropriate treatment of common diseases and injuries.
8. Provision of essential drugs.
PRINCIPLES OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
1) Equitable distribution: -
Health service must be shared equally by all people irrespective to their ability to pay.
Primary health care aims to redress ‘Social injustice’ by shifting the centre of gravity of health care system from c
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group of receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a teamof receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a team wwww.lisywomensclinic.co.za/
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
3. INTRODUCTION
• Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI)
was launched in 1992 in India,
• As a part of 'Innocenti declaration' on
breastfeeding
4. INTRODUCTION (CONTD…)
• The historic Innocent Declaration on the
promotion, protection and support of
breastfeeding was produced and adapted
by participants at the WHO/UNICEF
• policy makers' meeting on breastfeeding
in the 1990s, held at the Spedale degli
Innocenti, Florence, Italy, on July 30 to
August 1st, 1990.
5. INTRODUCTION (CONTD…)
• The global initiative was cosponsored by
the USAID and SIDA.
• The baby friendly hospital campaign was
launched by the WHO/UNICEF, in mid-
1991 in Ankara to boost the breastfeeding
practices and to counter the trends of
bottle feeding.
6. INTRODUCTION (CONTD…)
• The goals of the declaration included a
call to the various governments in the
word to act and create an environment for
exclusive breastfeeding
• from birth of the baby till she/he is 6
months old and to continue breastfeeding
with adequate complementary foods for
up to two years.
7. INTRODUCTION (CONTD…)
• Baby friendly hospitals are required to
adopt breast- feeding policy and to follow
the "Ten steps of successful
breastfeeding' as recommended by code
of practice of WHO/ UNICEF.
•
8.
9. TEN STEPS OF SUCCESSFUL
BREASTFEEDING
1. Have a written breastfeeding policy
that is routinely communicated to all
health care staff
2. Train all health care staff in skills
necessary to implement this policy.
3. Inform all pregnant women about the
benefits and management of
breastfeeding.
10. TEN STEPS OF SUCCESSFUL
BREASTFEEDING
4. Help mothers to initiate breastfeeding
within half an hour of birth.
5. Show mothers how to breastfeed and
how to maintain lactation even if they
should be separated from their infants.
6. Give newborn infants no food or drink
other than breast milk, unless medically
indicated.
11. TEN STEPS OF SUCCESSFUL
BREASTFEEDING (CONTD…)
7. Practice rooming-in. Allow mothers
and infants to remain together 24 hours a
day.
9. Give no artificial teats or pacifiers
(also called dummies or soothers) to
breastfeeding infants.
12. TEN STEPS OF SUCCESSFUL
BREASTFEEDING (CONTD…)
10. Foster the establishment of
breastfeeding support groups and refer
mothers to them on discharge from
the hospital or clinic.
13. STEPS (CONTD…)
Indian hospitals are still in early stages
of joining this movement.
The National BPHI task force was
formed in 1992, towards the efforts to
improve the breastfeeding practices
14. STEPS (CONTD…)
The task force comprising of
Government of India, UNICEF WHO
And professional organizations (TNAI,
BPNI, NNE, IMA, FOGSI, IAP CMAL
CHAI, IBFAN, ACASH) is working for
evaluation of breastfeeding practices in
the hospitals and appropriate certification
as 'Baby Friendly Hospital.
15. STEPS (CONTD…)
The certificate needs re-recognition on
every two years to ensure the standard
and quality for successful breastfeeding.
Besides promotion of breastfeeding, baby
friendly hospital initiative in India also
proposes to provide:
16. STEPS (CONTD…)
• Improved antenatal care
• Mother friendly delivery services
• Standardized institutional support of
immunization
17. STEPS (CONTD…)
• Diarrhea management
• Promotion of healthy growth and good
nutrition
• Widespread availability and adoption of
family planning.
18. STEPS (CONTD…)
• Government of India has made
significant efforts to promote and protect
breastfeeding by enacting a law
• "The Infant Milk Substitutes, Feeding
Bottles and Infant Food Act, 1992:
19. STEPS (CONTD…)
• The act prohibits advertising of infant
milk substitutes (IMS) and feeding
bottles to public
• Free sampling, hospital promotion and
gifts of samples of IMS to health
workers. Violation of the act can lead to
fine or imprisonment.
20.
21. INTEGRATED CHILD
DEVELOPMENT SERVICES
• At present, the most important scheme in
the field of child welfare is the Integrated
Child Development Services (ICDS)
scheme.
23. ICDS ( Contd…)
• In pursuance of the national policy for
children, Government of India started
ICDS program in 1975, under the
Ministry of Social and Women's Welfare.
24. ICDS (Contd…)
• The ICDS program was initiated for the
welfare of the children and development
of human resources.
• It is designed for both preventive and
development effort through a integrated
package services.
25. ICDS (Contd…)
• The beneficiaries of the program are
children up to 6 years, adolescent girls
(11-18 years),
• pregnant women,
• Nursing mothers and
• women of 15 to 45 years.
26. ICDS (Contd…)
• ICDS scheme is working at village level
in rural areas and also in urban and tribal
areas.
• In 1975, number of ICDS projects was
only 33, which was started on
experimental basis.
27. ICDS (Contd…)
• At present, the ICDS projects are
functioning in 5422 blocks all over the
country.
28. ICDS (Contd…)
The Kishori Shakti Yojna, Adolescent girls
scheme is sanctioned in 2000 ICDS blocks
as special interventions for the benefits of
3.51 lakhs adolescent girls in the age group
of 11 to 18 years.
NGOs are also involved in running Angan
wadi centers in 67 ICDS projects.
World Bank assisted ICDS projects are also
working in some states.
29.
30. Objectives
• The objectives of the ICDS scheme are:
• To improve the nutritional and health
status of children in the age group of 0 to
6 years
• To lay the foundations for proper
psychological, physic and social
development of the child.
31. Objectives (Contd…)
• To reduce mortality, morbidity,
malnutrition and school dropout.
• To achieve an effective coordination of
policy and implementation among the
various departments working for the
promotion of child development.
32. Objectives (Contd…)
• To enhance the capability of the mother
and to provide nutritional needs of the
child through proper nutrition and health
education.
33. Objectives (Contd…)
• To achieve the above objectives the
following package services are provided
to different categories of beneficiaries.
For Children Less than 3 Years
• Supplementary nutrition
• Immunization
• Health checkup
• Referral services.
34. Objectives (Contd…)
• For Children in Age Group 3 to 6 Years
• Supplementary nutrition
• Immunization
• Health checkup
• Referral services
• Non-formal preschool education.
35. Objectives (Contd…)
• For Adolescent Girls 11 to 18 Years
• Supplementary nutrition
• Nutrition and health education.
36. Objectives (Contd…)
• For Pregnant Women
• Health checkup
• Immunization against tetanus
• Supplementary nutrition
• Nutrition and health education
37. Objectives (Contd…)
• For Nursing Mothers
• Health checkup
• Supplementary nutrition
• Nutrition and health education.
39. Delivery of Services
• The services are delivered by the
Anganwadi worker (AWW) at the ICDS
center for about 1000 population.
• She is assisted by local women, who are
usually uneducated and unskilled person.
40. Delivery of Services ( Contd…)
• AWW has 4 months training in
fundamentals of child development,
nutrition, immunization, personal
hygiene, environmental sanitation
• Antenatal care, breastfeeding, care and
treatment of common day to day illness
• Identification and management of at-risk
children, preschool education, functional
literacy and record keeping.
41. Delivery of Services ( Contd…)
• The activities of AWW are supervised by
a supervisor or mukhya sevika, who is a
graduate and having special training for
two months.
• Each supervisor is responsible for 20 to
25 AWWS.
42. Delivery of Services ( Contd…)
• The Child Development Project Officer
(CDPO) is the in-charge of ICDS
projects, supervises the activities of four
mukhya sevika or supervisors.
43. Delivery of Services ( Contd…)
• The administrative unit of an ICDS
project is the 'community development
block' in rural areas, the tribal
development block in tribal areas and a
group of slums in urban areas.
44. Delivery of Services ( Contd…)
• ICDS scheme is an important aspect of
child welfare to improve the health,
• Nutrition and
• Education status of the underprivileged
children and mothers. It is much more
than a health program.
45. Delivery of Services ( Contd…)
• The impact of program on the lives of
children is evident in several important
indicators, i.e.
• Increased birth weight,
• Reduced incidence of malnutrition,
• Increased immunization coverage and
• A reduction in infant and child mortality
rate in areas covered by the ICDS.
46. NATIONAL HEALTH MISSION
• The National Health Mission (NHM)
encompasses its two submissions, the
National Rural Health Mission (NRHM)
and the newly launched National Urban
Health Mission UHM).
• The main programmatic components
include health system strengthening in
rural and urban areas,
47. NATIONAL HEALTH MISSION
(CONTD…)
Reproductive, Maternal- Neonatal- Child
and Adolescent health(RMNCH+𝐴) and
Communicable and Noncommunicable
Diseases
The NHM envisages achievement
universal access to equitable, affordable
and quality health Services that are
accountable and responsive to people's
48. National Rural Health Mission
• National Rural Health Mission (NRHM)
was launched by the Hon’ble Prime
Minister of Government of India on 12 th
April 2005 for the period of 7 years in
(2005-2012).
• The mission seeks to improve rural
health care delivery system on nutrition,
sanitation, hygiene and safe drinking
water by making necessary changes in
basic health care delivery system.
49. National Rural Health Mission
(CONTD…)
• It also brings the Indian system of
medicine (AYUSH) to the main stream of
health care.
50. National Rural Health Mission
(CONTD…)
• The main aim of NRHM is to provide
accessible,
• Affordable,
• Accountable,
• Effective and
• Reliable primary health care and
bridging the gap in rural health care
through creation of a cadre of ASHA.
51. National Rural Health
Mission(CONTD…)
• Strengthening of sub-centers, primary
health centers (PHCs) and community
health centers (CHCs) are important plan
under NRHM.
• District becomes the core unit of
planning, budgeting and implementation
of programs.
52. National Rural Health Mission
(CONTD…)
• According to NRHM plan all vertical
health and family welfare programs at
district level should be merged into one
common 'District Health Mission' and at
state level into 'State Health Mission!
• There should be provision of mobile
medical unit and public private
partnership (PPP model) under this
program.
53. National Rural Health Mission
(CONTD…)
• Goals to be achieved by NRHM were
formulated clearly. Role and responsibilities
of ASHA, Angan wadi, and ANMS were well
defined under this program.
• Monitoring and evaluation of activities is
planned and done based on process indicators
and outcome indicators of the mission.
54. National Rural Health Mission
(CONTD…)
• Several new initiatives are launched to
boost maternal- neonatal care under
NRHM.
• They include Janani Suraksha Yoyana
(JSY), Facility Based Newborn Care
(FBNC), Home Based Neonatal Care
(HBNC), Navjat Shishu Suraksha
Karyakram (NSSK)
55.
56. National Rural Health Mission
(CONTD…)
• Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram
(JSSK) and
• Rashtriya Bal Suraksha Karyakram
(RBSK).
57. National Urban Health Mission
(New Scheme)
• The National Urban Health Mission
(NUHM) as a sub-mission of National
Health Mission (NHM) has been
approved by the Cabinet on 1st May,
2013.
58. National Urban Health Mission (New
Scheme) (CONTD…)
• NUHM envisages to meet health care
needs of the urban population with the
focus on urban poor, by making available
to them essential primary health care
services and reducing their out of pocket
expenses for treatment.
59. National Urban Health Mission (New
Scheme) (CONTD…)
• This will be achieved by strengthening
the existing health care service delivery
system, targeting the people living in
slums and converging with various
schemes relating to wider determinants of
health like drinking water, sanitation,
school education, etc.
60. National Urban Health Mission (New
Scheme) (CONTD…)
• Implemented by the Ministries of Urban
Development,
• Housing and
• Urban Poverty Alleviation, Human
Resource Development and Women and
Child Development.
61. India Newborn Action Plan
(INAP)
• India Newborn Action Plan (INAP) was
launched in September 2014 for
accelerating the reduction of preventable
neonatal death and still births in the
country with the goal of attaining 'Single
Digit Neonatal Mortality Rate (NMR) by
2030' and 'Single Digit Still Birth Rate
(SBR) by 2030
62. India Newborn Action Plan
(INAP)
• The India Newborn Action Plan (INAP)
is India's committed response to the
Global Every Newborn Action Plan
(ENAP) launched in June 2014 to
advance the Global Strategy for Women's
and Children's Health.