The document summarizes several key national health programs and initiatives in India, including: 1) The National Health Mission, which includes the National Rural Health Mission and National Urban Health Mission, aimed at improving healthcare access. 2) Components of the National Health Mission like health systems strengthening, reproductive/maternal/child health programs, and disease control programs. 3) Specific programs like Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakaram (JSSK) for maternal and newborn care, Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram (RKSK) for adolescent health, and Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK)

1. National Health Programs
of India
Name: Devendar peety
Roll no: 37
Batch: 2019

2. National Health Mission
• Two sub-missions
NRHM – National Rural Health Mission (2005) – converted to ‘National Health Mission’
NHM (2013)
NUHM – National Urban Health Mission (2013) - to meet health care needs of the urban
population with the focus on urban poor.
• National Rural Health Mission was launched in 2005.
Under NRHM, financial assistance has been provided to the States/UTs for health systems
strengthening which includes
o Augmentation of infrastructure,
o Human resources and programme management,
o Emergency response services
o Mobile Medical Units,
o Community participation
o Mainstreaming of AYUSH and availability of drugs and equipment

3. Components of NHM:
• 1. Health Systems Strengthening
o Adoption of Indian Public Health Standards (IPHS)
• 2. RMNCH + A: Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child and
Adolescent Health
• 3.National Disease Control Programs

4. Goals of NHM
1. Reduce MMR to 1/1000 live births
2. Reduce IMR to 25/1000 live births
3. Reduce TFR to 2.1
4. Prevention and reduction of anaemia in women aged 15–49 years
5. Prevent and reduce mortality & morbidity from communicable, non-
communicable; injuries and emerging diseases
6. Reduce household out-of-pocket expenditure on total health care
expenditure
7. Reduce annual incidence and mortality from Tuberculosis by half
8. Reduce prevalence of Leprosy to <1/10000 population and incidence to
zero in all districts
9. Annual Malaria Incidence to be <1/1000
10. Less than 1 per cent microfilaria prevalence in all districts
11. Kala-azar Elimination by 2015, <1 case per 10000 population in all
blocks

5. Reproductive, Maternal,Neonatal, Child and
Adolescent health
• Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakaram (JSSK)
• Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram(RKSK)
• Rashtriya Bal SwasthyaKaryakram (RBSK)
• Universal Immunisation Programme
• Mission Indradhanush / Intensified Misson Indradhanush
• Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY)
• Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA)
• Navjaat Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (NSSK)
• National Programme for Family planning

7. JANANI SHISHU SURAKSHA KARYAKARAM (JSSK)
• Government of India has launched Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakaram (JSSK) on 1st
June, 2011.
• It is an initiative to reach every needy pregnant woman coming to government
institutional facility and motivate those who still choose to deliver at their homes to opt
for institutional deliveries.
Free Entitlements for pregnant women: Free Entitlements for Sick newborns till 30 days after
birth:
• Free and cashless delivery
• Free C-Section
• Free drugs and consumables
• Free diagnostics
• Free diet during stay in the health institutions
• Free provision of blood
• Exemption from user charges
• Free transport from home to health institutions
• Free transport between facilities in case of referral
• Free drop back from Institutions to home after
48hrs stay
• Free treatment
• Free drugs and consumables
• Free diagnostics
• Free provision of blood
• Exemption from user charges
• Free Transport from Home to Health Institutions
• Free Transport between facilities in case of referral
• Free drop Back from Institutions to home

9. Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram (RKSK)
• The Ministry of Health & Family Welfare has launched a health programme for adolescents,
in the age group of 10-19 years, which would target their nutrition, reproductive health and
substance abuse.
• Launched on 7th January, 2014.
• The RKSK (National Adolescent Health Programme),will comprehensively address the
health needs of the 243 million adolescents.
• It introduces community-based interventions through peer educators.
Objectives:
• Improve Nutrition
• Improve Sexual and Reproductive Health
• Enhance Mental Health
• Prevent Injuries and violence
• Prevent substance misuse

11. Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK)
• Rashtriya Bal SwasthyaKaryakram (RBSK), an innovative and ambitious initiative, which
envisages Child Health Screening and Early Intervention Services.
• Objective - Early identification and early intervention for children from birth to 18 years
to cover 4 ‘D’s viz. Defects at birth, Diseases in children, Deficiency conditions and
Developmental delays including Disabilities.
Target group under Child Health Screening and Intervention
• Babies born at public health facilities and home -
• Preschool children in rural areas and urban slum -
Birth to 6 weeks
6weeks to 6 years
• School children enrolled in class 1st and 12th in government and government aided
schools - 6yrs to 18 years

12. Selected Health Conditions for Child Health Screening & Early Intervention Services
Defects at Birth
1. Neural tube defect
2. Down's Syndrome
3. Cleft Lip & Palate / Cleft palate alone
4. Talipes (club foot)
5. Developmental dysplasia of the hip
6. Congenital cataract
7. Congenital deafness
8. Congenital heart diseases
9. Retinopathy of Prematurity
Deficiencies
10. Anemia especially Severe anemia
11. Vitamin A deficiency (Bitot spot)
12. Vitamin D Deficiency, (Rickets)
13. Severe Acute Malnutrition
14. Goiter
Diseases of Childhood
15. Skin conditions (Scabies, fungal infection and Eczema)
16. Otitis Media
17. Rheumatic heart disease
18. Reactive airway disease
19.Dental conditions
20. Convulsive disorders
Developmental delays and Disabilities
21. Vision Impairment
22. Hearing Impairment
23. Neuro-motor Impairment
24. Motor delay
25. Cognitive delay
26. Language delay
27. Behavior disorder (Autism)
28. Learning disorder
29. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
30. Congenital Hypothyroidism, Sickle cell anemia, Beta thalassemia (Optional)

13. Universal Immunization Programme

14. Universal Immunization Programme
• Immunization Programme in India was introduced in 1978 as
‘Expanded Programme of Immunization’ (EPI) by the Ministry of
Health and Family Welfare, Government of India.
• In 1985, the programme was modified as ‘Universal Immunization
Programme’ (UIP), one of largest health programme in the world.
• Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India provides
several vaccines to infants, children and pregnant women through
the Universal Immunisation Programme.

17. MISSION INDRADHANUSH
• The Government of India launched Mission Indradhanush on 25th December 2014,
to cover children who are either unvaccinated or partially vaccinated against seven
vaccine preventable diseases, i.e., diphtheria, whooping cough, tetanus, polio,
tuberculosis, measles and hepatitis B.
• The goal is to vaccinate all under-fives by the year 2020.
• 201 high focus districts were covered in the first phase. Of these 82 districts are from
Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan. These 201 districts have nearly
50 per cent of all unvaccinated children of the country.
• The drive was through a “catch-up” campaign mode. The mission was technically
supported by WHO, UNICEF, Rotary International and other donor partners.

18. • Government of India introduced “Intensified Mission Indradhanush
(IMI)” in select districts and urban areas of the country to achieve the
target of more than 90% coverage.
• IMI focus on children up to 2 years of age and pregnant women who
have missed out on routine immunization. However, vaccination on
demand to children up to 5 years of age will be provided during IMI
rounds.
• Intensified Mission Indradhanush Immunization drive will be spread
over 7 working days starting from 7th of every month. These 7 days do
not include holidays, Sundays and the routine immunization days
planned in that week.

19. Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY)

20. Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY)
• Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) is a safe motherhood intervention under the
National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) being implemented with the
objective of reducing maternal and neo-natal mortality by promoting
institutional delivery among the poor pregnant women.
• The Yojana, launched on 12th April 2005, it integrates cash assistance with
delivery and post-delivery care.
• The Yojana has identified ASHA, the accredited social health activist as an
effective link between the Government and the poor pregnant women.
• Each beneficiary registered under this Yojana should have a JSY card along with a
MCH card. ASHA/AWW/ any other identified link worker under the overall
supervision of the ANM and the MO, PHC prepare a micro-birth plan. This will
effectively help in monitoring Antenatal Check-up, and the post delivery care.

23. Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan
• Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA) was
launched in the year 2016 under National Health Mission.
• The program aims to provide assured, comprehensive and quality
antenatal care, free of cost, universally to all pregnant women on the
9th of every month. This service is given in addition to the routine
ANC at the health facility.
Goal of the PMSMA
• Pradhan Mantri SurakshitMatritva Abhiyan envisages to improve the
quality and coverage of Antenatal Care (ANC) including diagnostics
and counselling services.

24. Objectives of the program:
• Ensure at least one antenatal checkup for all pregnant women in their second or third trimester by a
physician/specialist
• Improve the quality of care during ante-natal visits. This includes ensuring provision of the
following services:
• All applicable diagnostic services
• Screening for the applicable clinical conditions
• Appropriate management of any existing clinical condition such as Anaemia, Pregnancy induced
hypertension, Gestational Diabetes etc.
• Appropriate counselling services and proper documentation of services rendered
• Additional service opportunity to pregnant women who have missed ante-natal visits
• Identification and line-listing of high risk pregnancies based on obstetric/ medical history and
existing clinical conditions.
• Appropriate birth planning and complication readiness for each pregnant woman especially those
identified with any risk factor or comorbid condition.
• Special emphasis on early diagnosis, adequate and appropriate management of women with
malnutrition.
• Special focus on adolescent and early pregnancies as these pregnancies need extra and specialized
care

25. Navjaat Shishu Suraksha Karyakram

26. Navjaat Shishu Suraksha Karyakram
(NSSK)
• NSSK is a programme aimed to train health personnel in basic
newborn care and resuscitation, has been launched to address care at
birth issues i.e. Prevention of Hypothermia, Prevention of Infection,
Early initiation of Breast feeding and Basic Newborn Resuscitation.
• Objective is to have a trained health personal in basic newborn care
and resuscitation at every delivery point. The training is for 2 days and
is expected to reduce neonatal mortality significantly in the country.

27. National Programme for Family Planning

28. National Programme for Family Planning
• India was the first country in the world to have launched a National Programme
for Family Planning in 1952.
• Over the decades, the programme has undergone transformation in terms of policy
and actual programme implementation and currently being repositioned to not
only achieve population stabilization goals but also promote reproductive
health and reduce maternal, infant & child mortality and morbidity.
• Under the programme public health sector provides various family planning
services at various levels of health system.
• Launched “Mission Pariwar Vikas”in 2016. Special focus has been given to 146
high fertility Districts of Bihar, UP, Assam, Chhattisgarh, MP, Rajasthan &
Jharkhand, with an aim to ensure availability of contraceptive methods at all the
levels of Health Systems.
• Goal - Its overall goal is to reduce India's overall fertility rate to 2.1 by the year
2025
• Objective - To improve the access to contraceptives and accelerating access to
high quality family planning services.

29. Key strategies include –
• Providing more choices through newly introduced contraceptives: Injectable
Contraceptive, MPA (Medroxyprogesterone acetate) under Antara program and
Chaya (earlier marketed as Saheli).
• Emphasis on Spacing methods like IUCD
• Revitalizing Postpartum Family Planning including PPIUCD.
• Strengthening community-based distribution of contraceptives by involving
ASHAs and Focused IEC/ BCC efforts for enhancing demand and creating
awareness on family planning
• Availability of Fixed Day Static Services at all facilities.
• Emphasis on minilap tubectomy services.
• Ensuring quality care in Family Planning services by establishing Quality
Assurance Committees ·
• Increasing male participation and promoting Non-scalpel vasectomy.
• ·Demand generation activities in the form of display of posters, billboards and
other audio and video materials in the various facilities be planned and budgeted.

30. National Nutritional Programmes
• National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control Programme
• MAA (Mothers’ Absolute Affection) Programme for Infant and Young
Child Feeding
• National Programme for Prevention and Control of Fluorosis (NPPCF)
• National Iron Plus Initiative for Anaemia Control
• National Vitamin A prophylaxis Programe
• Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS)
• Mid-Day Meal Programme

32. National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control
Programme
• It is a micronutrient and normally required around 100-150 microgram for normal growth and
development. Deficiency of iodine may cause following disorders:
• Goiter
• Subnormal intelligence
• Neuromuscular weakness
• Endemic cretinism
• Still birth
• Hypothyroidism
• Defect in vision, hearing, and speech
• Spasticity
• Intrauterine death
• Mental retardation

34. MAA (Mothers’ Absolute Affection) Programme
for Infant and Young Child Feeding
• MAA - "Mother’s Absolute Affection" is a nationwide programme to bring undiluted focus on
promotion of breastfeeding and provision of counselling services for supporting breastfeeding
through health systems.
• The programme has been named ‘MAA’ to signify the support a lactating mother requires from
family members and at health facilities to breastfeed successfully.
• Goal –The ‘MAA’ Programme is to revitalize efforts towards promotion, protection and support of
breastfeeding practices through health systems to achieve higher breastfeeding rates.
• Objective –
• Build an enabling environment for breastfeeding through awareness generation activities,
targeting pregnant and lactating mothers, family members and society in order to promote
optimal breastfeeding practices. Breastfeeding to be positioned as an important intervention for
child survival and development.
• Reinforce lactation support services at public health facilities through trained healthcare
providers and through skilled community health workers.
• To incentivize and recognize those health facilities that show high rates of breastfeeding along
with processes in place for lactation management.

36. National Programme for Prevention and Control of
Fluorosis (NPPCF)
• Fluorosis, a public health problem is caused by excess intake of fluoride
through drinking water/food products/industrial emission over a long
period.
• It results in major health disorders like dental fluorosis, skeletal fluorosis
and non-skeletal fluorosis.
• Prevalence - Fluoride prevalence was earlier reported in 230 districts of 19
States.
• Goal - The NPPCF aims to prevent and control Fluorosis cases in the
country.
• Objectives -
• Comprehensive management of fluorosis in the selected areas;
• Capacity building for prevention, diagnosis and management of fluorosis
cases.

37. National Iron Plus Initiative (NIPI)
• The National Iron Plus Initiative (NIPI) is an attempt to look at
the Iron Deficiency Anaemia comprehensively across all life stages
including adolescents and women in reproductive age group who
are not pregnant or lactating.
• Vision 2025: Anaemia Free India: Reduction of Anaemia by 50%

38. Interventions
• IFA Supplementation and Deworming
• BCC for consumption of Iron Rich Food and IFA & Albendazole
Compliance
• Use of Iron Fortified Food in Public Health facilities
• Test and treat nutritional anemia in school going adolescents 10-19
years and pregnant women
• Test and treat non-nutritional anemia (Malaria, sickle cell anemia
etc)
• Delayed cord clamping at institutional delivery

39. Age Group Intervention/Dose Regime Service delivery
6 – 60 months 1ml of IFA syrup
containing 20mg of
elemental iron & 100
mcg of folic acid
Biweekly throughout the period
6-60months of age & deworming
for children 12months & above
Through ASHA
*IFA Syrup bottles would be
handed over to all Mothers at
VHND sessions
5 – 10 years Tablets of 45mg
elemental iron & 400
mcg of folic acid
Weekly throughout the period 5-
10 years of age & biannual de-
worming
In school through teachers
10 -19 years 100mg elemental iron
& 500 mcg of folic acid
Weekly throughout the period
10-19yrs of age & biannual de-
worming
In school through teachers & for
out of school children through
AWW
Pregnant &
Lactating women
100mg elemental iron
& 500 mcg of folic acid
1 tablet daily for 180 days,
starting after the first trimester,
at 14-16 weeks of gestation. To
be repeated for 180 days post-
partum
ANM/ASHA
Women in
reproductive age
group
100mg elemental iron
& 500 mcg of folic acid
Weekly throughout the
reproductive period
Through ASHA during house visit
(Not Yet Started )

40. National Vitamin A prophylaxis program

41. National Vitamin A prophylaxis program
• Vitamin A is an important micronutrient for maintaining normal growth, controlling
development, and maintaining visual and reproductive functions.
• Diet surveys have shown that the intake of Vitamin A is significantly lower than the
recommended daily allowance in young children, adolescent girls and pregnant
women.
• In the fifties and sixties many of the states reported that blindness due to Vitamin A
deficiency was one of the major causes of blindness in children below five years.
• In 1970, the National Prophylaxis Programme Against Nutritional Blindness was
initiated as a centrally sponsored scheme.
• Aim: to decrease the prevalence of Vitamin A deficiency

42. Objective:
• Prevention of vitamin A deficiency
• Promoting consumption of Vitamin A rich food –by all pregnant and lactating women and by
children under 5 years of age by increasing local production and consumption of green leafy
vegetables and other plant foods those are rich sources of carotenoids.
• Creating awareness about the importance of preventing Vitamin A deficiency– among the
women’s attending Antenatal clinics, immunization session, as well as women and children
registered under ICDS programme.
• Prophylactic Vitamin A as per the following dosage schedule:
• 100000 IU at 9 months with measles immunization
• 200000 IU at 16-18 months, with DPT booster
• 200000 IU every 6 months, up to the age of 5 years.
• Thus, a total of 9 mega doses are to be given from 9 months of age up to 5 years.
• Treatment of Vitamin A deficient children
• All children with xerophthalmia are to be treated at health facilities.
• All children having measles, to be given 1 dose of Vitamin A if they have not received it in the
previous month.
• All cases of severe malnutrition to be given one additional dose of Vitamin A.

43. Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS)
• Integrated Child Development Service (ICDS) scheme was launched on
2nd October, 1975.
Beneficiaries:
• Children below 6 years
• Pregnant and lactating women
• Women in the age group of 15-44 years
• Adolescent girls in selected blocks

44. Objectives:
• Improve the nutrition and health status of children in the age group of
0-6 years
• Lay the foundation for proper psychological, physical and social
development of the child
• Effective coordination and implementation of policy among the
various departments
• Enhance the capability of the mother to look after the normal health
and nutrition needs through proper nutrition and health education.

46. Mid-Day Meal Programme
• Tamil Nadu was the first to initiate a massive noon meal programme
to children.
• Mid-Day Meal (MDM) Scheme was launched in primary schools
during 1962-63. Mid-Day Meal improves three areas: 1. School
attendance 2. Reduced dropouts 3. A beneficial impact on children’s
nutrition.

47. Communicable diseases
• Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP)
• Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP)
• National Leprosy Eradication Programme (NLEP)
• National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme
• National AIDS Control Programme (NACP)
• Pulse Polio Programme
• National Viral Hepatitis Control Program
• National Rabies Control Programme
• National Programme on Containment of Anti-Microbial Resistance (AMR)

48. Integrated Disease Surveillance Program

49. Integrated Disease Surveillance Program (IDSP)
• The Integrated Disease Surveillance Program (IDSP) was initiated in
assistance with World bank, in the year 2004.
• The scheme aimed to strengthen disease surveillance for infectious diseases to
detect and respond to outbreaks immediately.
• The Central Surveillance Unit (CSU) at the National Centre for Disease
Control (NCDC), receives disease outbreak reports from the States/UTs on
weekly basis.
Objective:
• To strengthen/maintain decentralized laboratory-based IT enabled disease
surveillance system for epidemic-prone diseases to monitor disease trends and
to detect and respond to outbreaks in early rising phase through trained Rapid
Response Team (RRTs).

51. REVISED NATIONAL TUBERCULOSIS CONTROL
PROGRAMME (RNTCP)
• Launched in 1997 based on WHO DOTS Strategy
Goal: End global tuberculosis epidemic.
Targets: Ending TB by 2030 as a part of SDG & WHO End TB strategy.
• Reach 90% of all people with TB and place theme on appropriate therapy.

53. National Leprosy Eradication Programme
• The National Leprosy Eradication Programme is a centrally sponsored Health
Scheme of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare,
• The year 2012-13 started with 0.83 lakh leprosy cases on record as on 1st April
2012, with PR 0.68/10,000. Till then 33 States/ UTs had attained the level of
leprosy elimination. A total of 542 districts (84.7%) out of total 640 districts also
achieved elimination by March2012. A total of 209 high endemic districts were
identified for special actions during 2012-13.
Objectives:
• 1. Early detection through active surveillance by the trained health workers;
• 2. Regular treatment of cases by providing Multi-Drug Therapy (MDT) at fixed in
or centres a nearby village of moderate to low endemic areas/district;
• 3. Intensified health education and public awareness campaigns to remove social
stigma attached to the disease.
• 4. Appropriate medical rehabilitation and leprosy ulcer care services.

55. National Vector Borne Disease
Control Programme
78
 Launched in 2003-04 by convergence of three ongoing programmes on
malaria, filaria & Kala Azar and inclusion of Japanese Encephalitis and
Dengue/DHF.
 In 2007 Chikungunya fever added to this programme due to re-
emergence of the diseases in 2006.
 This program is now runs under the umbrella of NHM.

56. Strategies of NVBDCP
80

58. National AIDS Control Programme
• HIV infection in India is a major challenge with no State free from the
virus.
• The need to prevent the progression of the epidemic and provide care
and support for those infected or affected is calling for an
unprecedented response from all sections of society.
Objectives:
• 1. To reduce spread of HIV infection in India
• 2. Strengthen India's capacity to respond to HIV/AIDS on a long term
basis.

60. Pulse Polio Programme
• Pulse Polio Immunization programme was launched in India in 1995.
• Children in the age group of 0-5 years administered polio drops during
National and Sub-national immunization rounds (in high risk areas)
every year. About 172 million children are immunized during each
National Immunization Day (NID).
• The last polio case in the country was reported from Howrah district
of West Bengal with date of onset 13th January 2011.
• WHO on 24th February 2012 removed India from the list of countries
with active endemic wild polio virus transmission.
Objective :
• The Pulse Polio Initiative was started with an objective of achieving
hundred per cent coverage under Oral Polio Vaccine.

62. National Viral Hepatitis Control Program
(NVHCP)
• The National Viral Hepatitis Control Program has been launched by
occasion of the World Hepatitis Day, 28th July 2018.
• It is an integrated initiative for the prevention and control of viral hepatitis
in India This is a comprehensive plan covering the entire gamut from
Hepatitis A, B, C, D & E, and the whole range from prevention, detection.
Aim:
• Combat hepatitis and achieve country wide elimination of Hepatitis C by
2030;
• Achieve significant reduction in the infected population, morbidity and
mortality associated with Hepatitis B and C viz. Cirrhosis and Hepato-
cellular carcinoma (liver cancer);
• Reduce the risk, morbidity and mortality due to Hepatitis A and E.

64. National Rabies Control Programme
• Rabies is an acute viral disease that causes fatal encephalomyelitis in
virtually all the warm-blooded animals including human. The virus is found
in wild and some domestic animals, and is transmitted to other animals and
to humans through their saliva (following bites, scratches, licks on broken
skin and mucous membrane).
• In India, dogs are responsible for about 97% of human rabies, followed by
cats (2%), and others (1%).
• The disease is invariably fatal and perhaps the most painful and dreadful of
all communicable diseases in which the sick person is tormented at the same
time with thirst and fear of water (hydrophobia). Fortunately, development
of rabies can be prevented to a large extent if animal bites are managed
appropriately and in time.
• In this regard the post-exposure treatment of animal bite cases are of prime
importance.

65. National Programme on Containment of Anti-
Microbial Resistance

66. National Programme on Containment of Anti-
Microbial Resistance (AMR)
• The rapid spread of multi-resistant bacteria and the lack of new antibiotics to treat
infections caused by these organisms pose a rapidly increasing threat to public.
• Government of India has launched a “National Programme on Containment of
Antimicrobial Resistance” under the 12th five-year plan (2012-2017).
The main objectives of this programme are:
• To establish a laboratory-based AMR surveillance system of 30 network labs in
the country and to generate quality data on antimicrobial resistance for pathogens
of public health importance.
• To strengthen infection control guidelines and practices and promote rationale use
of antibiotics.
• To generate awareness among healthcare providers and in the community about
rationale use of antibiotics.

67. Non-communicable diseases
• National Tobacco Control Programme (NTCP)
• National Programme for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes,
Cardiovascular Diseases & Stroke (NPCDCS)
• National Programme for Control Treatment of Occupational Diseases
• National Programme for Prevention and Control of Deafness (NPPCD)
• National Mental Health Programme
• National Programme for Control of Blindness& Visual Impairment
• Pradhan Mantri National Dialysis Programme
• National Programme for the Health Care for the Elderly (NPHCE)
• National Programme for Prevention & Management of Burn Injuries (NPPMBI)
• National Oral Health programme

68. National Tobacco Control Programme

69. National Tobacco Control Programme
• Tobacco use is one of the main risk factors for a number of chronic diseases, including cancer,
lung diseases, and cardiovascular diseases.
• India is the 2nd largest producer and consumer of tobacco and a variety of forms of tobacco use is
unique to India.
• The Government of India has enacted the national tobacco-control legislation namely, “The
Cigarettes and other Tobacco Products (Prohibition of Advertisement and Regulation of Trade and
Commerce, Production, Supply and Distribution) Act, 2003” in May, 2003. I
• Launched the National Tobacco Control Programme (NTCP) in 2007- 08.
Objectives :
• To bring about greater awareness about the harmful effects of tobacco use and Tobacco Control
Laws.
• To facilitate effective implementation of the Tobacco Control Laws.
• The objective of this programme is to control tobacco consumption and minimize the deaths
caused by it.

71. NATIONALPROGRAMMEFOR PREVENTIONANDCONTROLOF
CANCER,DIABETES,CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES&STROKE
(NPCDCS)
• Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of adult mortality
and morbidity worldwide.
• It is estimated that the overall prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, Ischemic
Heart Diseases (IHD) and Stroke is 62.47, 159.46, 37.00 and
1.54 respectively per 1000 population of India (ICMR).
• There are an estimated 25 Lakh cancer cases in India.
• Considering the rising burden of NCDs and common risk factors to major
Chronic Non –Communicable Diseases, Government of India initiated an
NPCDCS during 2010-11 .

72. The major objectives of the programme:
• Prevent and control common NCDs through behaviour and lifestyle changes.
• Provide early diagnosis and management of common NCDs.
• Build capacity at various levels of health care for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of common NCDs.
• Train human resource within the public health set-up viz doctors, paramedics and nursing staff to cope with the increasing
burden of NCDs, and
• Establish and develop capacity for palliative & rehabilitative care.

73. National Programme for Control and
Treatment of Occupational diseases

74. National Programme for Control and Treatment of
Occupational diseases
Major occupational diseases can be divided in following categories :
• Occupational injuries
• Occupational lung diseases
• Occupational cancers
• Occupational dermatoses
• Occupational Infections
• Occupation toxicology
• Occupational mental disorders
• Others
• Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India has launched a scheme
entitled “National Programme for Control and Treatment of Occupational
Diseases” in 1998-99.
• The National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad (ICMR) has been
identified as the nodal agency for the same.

76. National Programme for Prevention and Control of
Deafness
• Hearing loss is the most common sensory deficit in humans today. World over, it is the
second leading cause for ‘Years lived with Disability (YLD)’.
• There are large number of hearing impaired young people in India which amounts to a
severe loss of productivity, both physical and economic.
• The Programme was initiated in year 2007.
Objectives of the Programme
1. To prevent the avoidable hearing loss on account of disease or injury.
2. Early identification, diagnosis and treatment of ear problems responsible for hearing
loss and deafness
3. To medically rehabilitate persons of all age groups, suffering with deafness.
4.To strengthen the existing inter-sectoral linkages for continuity of the rehabilitation
Program, for persons with deafness
5.To develop institutional capacity for ear care services by providing support for
equipment and material and training personnel.

78. National Mental Health Program
• The Government of India has launched the National Mental Health Programme (NMHP) in 1982,
Objectives:
1.To ensure the availability and accessibility of minimum mental healthcare for all in the foreseeable
future, particularly to the most vulnerable and underprivileged sections of the population
2.To encourage the application of mental health knowledge in general healthcare and in social
development; and
3. To promote community participation in the mental health service development and to stimulate efforts
towards self-help in the community
• The District Mental Health Program (DMHP) was launched under NMHP in the year 1996
Early detection & treatment.
• The main objective of DMHP is to provide Community Mental Health Services and integration of
mental health with General health services through decentralization of treatment from Specialized
Mental Hospital based care to primary health care services.

80. National Programme for Control of Blindness
• The National Programme for Control of Visual Impairment and Blindness was
launched in 1976 as a 100% centrally sponsored and incorporates the earlier
Trachoma Control Programme that was started in 1963.
Goals:
• To reduce the prevalence of blindness (1.49% in 1986-89) to less than 0.3%
• To establish an infrastructure and efficiency levels in the programme to be able
to cater new cases of blindness each year to prevent future backlog.
Objectives:
• To establish eye care facilities for every 5 lakh population,
• To develop human resources for eye care services at all levels the primary health
centres, CHCs, sub-district levels,
• To improve quality of service delivery and
• To secure participation of civil society and the private sector.

82. Pradhan Mantri National Dialysis Programme
• End Stage Renal Disease continues to be a result of existing and emerging burden
of non-communicable disease.
• Providing for renal transplant facilities for ESRD patients depends upon
availability of infrastructure and robust organ donation system coupled with
adequate availability of trained qualified manpower. Within the limited choices,
dialysis practically remains the first and in majority of cases, the only choice for
ESRD patients.
• Every year about 2.2 Lakh new patients of End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) get
added in India resulting in additional demand for 3.4 Crore dialysis every year.
• Keeping this in mind, strengthening of District Hospitals by providing affordable
multispecialty care including dialysis services in district hospitals would be an
important step in this direction.

83. NATIONAL PROGRAM FOR HEALTH CARE OF
ELDERLY(NPHCE)

84. National Programme for Health Care of the
Elderly(NPHCE)
• Projection studies indicate that the number of 60+ in Indiawill increase from
100 million in 2013 and to 198 million by 2030.
• Non-communicable diseases requiring large quantum of health and social
care are extremely common in old age, irrespective of socio-economic
status. Disabilities resulting from these non-communicable diseases are very
frequent which affect functionality compromising the ability to pursue the
activities of daily living.
• National Programme for Health Care for the Elderly (NPHCE) is a modest
attempt to provide a comprehensive health care set up completely
dedicated and tuned to the needs of the elderly. The interventions are
designed to capture the Preventive, Curative and rehabilitative aspects in
the geriatric field.

85. The Vision & Objectives of NPHCE
The Vision:
 To provide accessible, affordable, and high- quality long-
term, comprehensive and dedicated care services to an
Ageing population;
 Creating a new “architecture” for Ageing;
 Tobuild a framework to create an enabling environment for
“a Society for all Ages”;
 Topromote the concept of Active and Healthy Ageing;
 Convergence of NRHM, AYUSH & all other dept.
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86. National Programme for Prevention and
Management of Burn Injuries

87. National Programme for Prevention and Management of
Burn Injuries
• “Burn” is a major Public Health Problem all over the world.
• As per WHO report 2014, in India, over 1,000,000 people are moderately or
severely burnt every year.
• Many of the burn injury patients require psychological counseling as well as
physiotherapeutic rehabilitation and repeated plastic surgeries for many years,
thus, augmenting their financial hardship.
• However, the death and disability due to burn injury are preventable to a great
extent if timely and appropriate treatment is provided by trained personnel.
• A project was initiated during the 11th Five Year Plan by the Directorate General
of Health Services, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, for development of burn
units in identified Medical Colleges and District Hospitals.
• The project is now being continued as a full-fledged National Programme in the
name of ”
͞ NationalProgramme for Prevention & Management of Burn Injuries.

89. NATIONAL ORAL HEALTH PROGRAMME
• Oral health is important for overall health and good quality of life.
• Oral diseases affect all the age groups. Some common oral diseases are dental caries,
periodontal diseases, malocclusion, oral sub-mucous fibrosis, oral cancer, cleft lip and cleft
palate etc.
• According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), Oral health is a state of being free from
chronic mouth and facial pain, oral and throat cancer, oral sores, birth defects such as cleft lip
and palate, periodontal (gum) disease, tooth decay and tooth loss, and other diseases and
disorders that affect the oral cavity.
• Dental caries and gum diseases affect nearly 60% and 80%, of the Indian population,
respectively.
• Routine dental check-ups and early intervention can prevent most common dental problems.
• Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India has envisaged the National Oral
Health Program [NOHP] for an affordable, accessible and equitable oral health care delivery
in a well- coordinated manner for bringing about “optimal oral health” for all by 2020.

90. Health system strengthening programs
• Ayushman Bharat Yojana
• Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Yojana (PMSSY)
• LaQshya’ programme (Labour Room Quality Improvement Initiative)
• National Health Mission
• National Digital Health Mission (NDHM)

92. Ayushman Bharat Yojana
• Ayushman Bharat or “Healthy India” is a national initiative launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi as the part of National
Health Policy 2017, in order to achieve the vision of Universal Health Coverage (UHC).
• Ayushman Bharat adopts a continuum of care approach, comprising of two inter-related components, which are -
• Establishment of Health and Wellness Centres
• Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY)
• Establishment of Health and Wellness Centres–The first component, pertains to creation of 1,50,000 Health and Wellness Centres
which will bring health care closer to the homes of the people.
• Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY) –PM-JAY is one significant step towards achievement of Universal Health Coverage
(UHC) and Sustainable Development Goal - 3 (SDG3).It aims to provide health protection cover to poor and vulnerable families
against financial risk arising out of catastrophic health episodes.
• Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY) will provide financial protection (Swasthya Suraksha) to 10.74 crore poor, deprived
rural families and identified occupational categories of urban workers’ families as per the latest Socio-Economic Caste Census
(SECC) data (approx. 50 crore beneficiaries). It will have offer a benefit cover of Rs. 500,000 per family per year (on a family floater
basis).
• PM-JAY will cover medical and hospitalization expenses for almost all secondary care and most of tertiary care procedures. PM-JAY
has defined 1,350 medical packages covering surgery, medical and day care treatments including medicines, diagnostics and
transport.
• To ensure that nobody is left out (especially girl child, women, children and elderly), there will be no cap on family size and age in
the Mission. The scheme will be cashless & paperless at public hospitals and empaneled private hospitals. The beneficiaries will
not be required to pay any charges for the hospitalization expenses.

94. Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Yojana
(PMSSY)
• The Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Yojana (PMSSY) aims at correcting the imbalances in the
availability of affordable healthcare facilities in the different parts of the country in general, and
augmenting facilities for quality medical education in the under-served States in particular. The
scheme was approved in March 2006.
• The first phase in the PMSSY has two components - setting up of six institutions in the line of
AIIMS; and upgradation of 13 existing Government medical college institutions.
• It has been decided to set up 6 AIIMS-like institutions, one each in the States of Bihar (Patna),
Chattisgarh (Raipur), Madhya Pradesh (Bhopal), Orissa (Bhubaneswar), Rajasthan (Jodhpur) and
Uttaranchal (Rishikesh) at an estimated cost of Rs 840 crores per institution.
• In addition to this, 13 existing medical institutions spread over 10 States will also be upgraded,
with an outlay of Rs. 120 crores (Rs. 100 crores from Central Government and Rs. 20 crores from
State Government) for each institution.
• In the second phase of PMSSY, the Government has approved the setting up of two more AIIMS-
like institutions, one each in the States of West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh and upgradation of six
medical college institutions.
• In the third phase of PMSSY, it is proposed to upgrade some existing medical college institutions .
• It is hoped that consequent to the successful implementation of PMSSY, better and affordable
healthcare facilities will be easily accessible to one and all in the country.

96. LaQshya’ programme (Labour Room Quality
Improvement Initiative)
• ‘After launch of the National Health Mission (NHM), there has been
substantial increase in the number of institutional deliveries.
• It is estimated that approximately 46% maternal deaths, over 40% stillbirths
and 40% newborn deaths take place on the day of the delivery.
• A transformational change in the processes related to the care during the
delivery, which essentially relates to intrapartum and immediate
postpartum
care, is required to achieve tangible results within short period of time.
• ‘LaQshya’ programme aims at improving quality of care in labour room and
maternity Operation Theatre (OT).
• Goal - To reduce preventable maternal and newborn mortality, morbidity
and stillbirths associated with the care around delivery in Labour room and
Maternity OT and ensure respectful maternity care.

98. National Digital Health Mission (NDHM)
• Introduction
• The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India has formulated the National Digital Health
Mission (NDHM) with the aim to provide the necessary support for integration of digital health
infrastructure in the country. This visionary initiative, stemming from the National Health Policy, 2017
intends to digitize healthcare in India.
• Vision
• Its vision is to create a national digital health ecosystem that supports universal health coverage in an
efficient, accessible, inclusive, affordable, timely and safe manner and a seamless online platform through
the provision of a wide range of data, information and infrastructure services, duly leveraging open,
interoperable, standards-based digital systems, and ensures the security, confidentiality and privacy of
health-related personal information.
• Guiding principles
• The NDHM has been designed, developed, deployed, operated and maintained by the Government
following the guiding principles as laid out in National Digital Health Blueprint (NDHB).
• NDHM will be rolled out in phases and four primary systems shall be launched in the first phase. At a later
stage, there is also a plan to integrate telemedicine and e-pharmacies into this.