organizational structure

2. ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE
Bandana Yadav
M.Sc. Nursing,1st Year (B-2023)
B. P. Koirala Institute of Health
Sciences, Dharan

3. Introduction
Organization structure is a basic
framework within which managers'
decision making behavior takes place.
Structure basically deals with
relationships.
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5. Introduction (Contd)
In management, both the formal and
informal organizations operate together to
form the total relationship, that determine
the workflow and interpersonal
relationship.
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6. Formal Organization
In formal organizations, mostly referred
to structure, is deliberately designed to
achieve some objectives.
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7. Formal Organization
(Contd…)
It refers to the organization structure of well
defined jobs which is designed and prescribed
by the management of an enterprise and bearing
a definite measure of authority, responsibility
and accountability, their hierarchical levels,
reporting relationships, and other channels for
control and coordination.
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8. Formal Organization (Contd…)
The formal structure is planned and publicized. It is
an official arrangement of positions into pattern of
working relationships that coordinate efforts of many
employees of diverse interest and abilities to fulfill
the objectives of organization.
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9. Formal Organization (Contd…)
According to Barnard, 'formal
organization is that when the activities of
two of more persons were consciously
coordinated towards a given objective'.
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10. Formal Organization (Contd…)
The formal structure of nursing
department is a system of power and
control a system of communication, and a
system of assigning tasks to the most
qualified workers (Brass).
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11. Features of Formal Organization
It has well defined organizational
structure, so it is very stable
There is clearly defined line of authority
and responsibility.
It is based on division of labor principle
It is consciously designed and officially
stated
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12. Features of Formal Organization
It has well defined chain of
communication and chain of command.
Formal organization structure is very
rigid.
Performance of job is the focus of
organization.
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13. Features of Formal Organization
According to classic theorists, it is built
on division of work, scalar and functional
process, structure, and span of control
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14. Benefits & Advantages of Formal
Organization
 They provide the basic structure of division of work and
responsibilities.
 Goals are clearly defined, task done in time, objectives will be
clear.
 Blend with formal system, so promotes discipline in the
organization.
 Encourage improved practices and makes it easier to review
and revise organization with changing requirements.
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15. Benefits & Advantages of Formal
Organization ( Contd…)
It generates clarity on what is expected
from each employee.
It provides a structure for laying down
pay scales and taking other decisions
linked to organizational levels.
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16. Benefits & Advantages of Formal
Organization ( Contd…)
It helps in other human resources
development activities such as
recruitment, promotions, career planning
and development and manpower
planning.
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17. Disadvantages of Formal
Organization
Doesn't allow flexibility
Doesn't allow long term planning
Lesseus the scope of creativity
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18. Informal Organization
Informal structure refers to social groups
or friendship which people working
together may form.
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19. Informal Organization ( Contd…)
People in the organization generally
develop additional relationships, which
may be rooted primarily on personal
rather than work consideration, but have
significant impact on the functioning of
the organization through information
exchange and dissemination in the
organization.
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20. Informal Organization ( Contd…)
It is an interlocking social structure that governs how
people work together in practice. It is also thought to
be the aggregate of behavior, interactions, and norms,
personal and professional conations. Informal
organizations develop relationships which are built on
likes, dislikes, feelings and emotions
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21. Informal Organization (Contd…)
The informal organizational structure
consists of unofficial personal
relationships among employees that
influence their working effectiveness.
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22. Informal Organization (Contd…)
 It refers to a network of personal and
social relationships which spontaneously
originates within the formal set up.
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23. Informal Organization (Contd…)
According to Barnard, 'Informal
organization is regarded as any joint
personal activity without joint purpose,
even though possibly contributing to joint
results'.
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24. Informal Organization (Contd…)
There is no conscious effort made to have
informal organization.
It emerges from the formal organization and it is
not based on any rules and regulations as in case
of formal organization.
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25.  Formation of groups may evolve spontaneously and
constantly
 It is dynamic and responsive Excellent at motivation
 Treats individual as human beings • Cohered by trust
and reciprocity
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Features of Informal
Organization

26. Features of Informal
Organization
Emphasis is on personality, politics, emotions,
prejudices, likes, dislikes, and other social and
personal .
 There is informal communication network or grape
attitude vine
Focus is on an individual and group goals
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27. Functions of Informal Organization
Perpetuate the cultural and social values
in the group
 Provide social status and satisfaction
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28. Functions of Informal
(Contd…)
Promote communication among
employees .
 Provide social control by regulating
behavior inside outside group
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29. Functions of Informal (Contd…)
Helps in filling gaps of formal structures
Widens the effective span of control
Encourages better management.
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30. Disadvantages of Informal
Organization
 Resistance to change
Role conflict
Rumors
Conformity.
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32. Comparison of Formal and
Informal Organizations
Both formal and informal organizations
are important.
Formal organization originates from the
set organizational structure and informal
organization originates from formal
organization
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33. Comparison of Formal and
Informal Organizations
(Contd…)
 For an efficient organization, both formal
and informal organizations are required.
 They are the two phases of a same
concern.
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37. Organization Differs From Informal
Organization in Various Aspects As
Follow
Structure
 The formal organization refers to the
formal relationships or planned structure
of authority relationships;
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38. Structure ( Contd…)
The informal organization refers to the
network of personal and social relations that is
developed spontaneously between people
associated with each other.
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39. The structure is well defined in formal
organization while there is no clear cut
structure in informal organization.
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Structure ( Contd…)

40. Focus
The primary focus of the formal
organization is the position of the
employee/manager holds.
While the primary focus of the informal
organization is the employee as an
individual person.
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41. Major Concepts
Authority and responsibility are the major
concepts in formal organization while
power and politics are the concern of
informal organization
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42. Purpose
The formal organization is well set up to
achieve organizational goals and
objectives, whereas the informal
organization is created to satisfy the social
needs of the employees to have a mutual
interests and belongingness.
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43. Nature
Formal organization is official in nature
and consciously designed,
but informal organization formed
spontaneously thus unofficial.
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44. Formation
Formal organization is planned deliberately.
Informal relations come into existence
automatically on the basis of likes and dislikes
which emerges as a natural outcome of formal
roles and official relationship among members.
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45. Source of Power
In formal organization, power is delegated
from the top levels of the management down to
the organization.
 In an informal organization, power is derived
from the members of the informal groups
within the organization.
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46. Rigidity
In formal organization, each position has rigid
rules, procedures and policies and delegation
to govern.
But informal organization is based on social
relation and the conduct of individuals within
organization is governed by norms that are
social rules of behavior. It is very instable and
highly flexible.
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47. Interdependence
Formal organization can work
independently.
 But informal organization depends
totally upon the formal organization.
exists along with formal organization.
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48. Size and Tenure
Formal organization tends to be large in
size, durable and impersonal in conduct;
informal organization depends on
grapevine, tends to be small and instable
in nature and does not last so long
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49. Communication
Communication flows are fixed and slow
in formal organization, one has to follow
and they undertake the assigned duties in
co- operation with each other. Informal
channels of communication are flexible
and speed of informal channels is very
fast.
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50. Leadership
In formal organization, leadership is exercised by the
superiors
by virtue of position. Informal organization, leader is
selected by the members
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51. Source of Control
In formal organization rewards and
penalties as per rules are the sources to
maintain discipline whereas in informal
organization, it is the group norms that
prevails
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52. REFERENCES
 Basvanthapa BT. Nursing Administration, 6" ed. New Delhi: Jaypee
Brothers Medical Publishers(P) LTD, 2002.
 Vati J. Principles and Practice of Nursing Management &
Administration. 7" ed. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers
(P) LTD, 2013.
 Samson R. Leadership and Management in Nursing Practice and
Education, 4" ed. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P)
LTD,2009.
 https://www.wolterskluwer.com/en/expert-insights/the-importance-of-
the- optimal-nursetopatient-ratio
 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7491754/ Nurse-to-
patient ratio and nurse staffing norms for hospitals in India: A critical
analysis of national benchmarks
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK218543/
 https://journals.rcni.com/nursing-standard/are-nurses-independent-
and- autonomous-practitioners-ns.10.34.34.s45

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