Estrogen receptor and laminin genetic polymorphism among women with pelvic organ prolapse
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This document summarizes a study evaluating the relationship between genetic polymorphisms in the estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) gene and Laminin C1 (LAMC1) gene with the risk of developing pelvic organ prolapse (POP). The study used PCR and restriction enzymes to analyze genetic polymorphisms in the ERα and LAMC1 genes in DNA samples from 33 women with POP and 33 controls. The results found an association between ERα polymorphism and increased POP risk, but no association with LAMC1 polymorphism. The conclusion is that ERα genetic polymorphism, but not LAMC1, is involved in the risk of developing POP.
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proteins required for optimal function and growth varies with cellular age and environmental
context. Thus, protein production is carefully regulated by multiple mechanisms that modulate
both transcriptional and translational pathways. Control of transcription initiation by RNA
polymerase is a predominant mechanism for regulating expression of specific proteins,
presumably because it provides maximal conservation of energy for the cell. We can often
observe the consequence of differential transcription due to the presence or absence of particular
proteins or the growth in particular environments. Control can also occur at translation; the
mRNA is synthesized, but only in certain circumstances is it translated. Control can also occur at
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the substrate. In this lab we will observe differential expression of two different genes encoded
on plasmids. We will analyze transcriptional activity, translational activity, and protein function.
Plasmids are extra-chromosomal DNA. Bacteria often have plasmids and will replicate the
plasmid and pass it to daughter cells (vertical transmission) and to neighboring cells (horizontal).
Plasmids are a mechanism of gene diversity. In order to stably retain the plasmid, there needs to
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copy number. 2. Lab generated plasmids typically also contain a selectable marker (antibiotic
resistance), 3. Additional gene for ease of visual screening 4. Multiple cloning site
pUC19 is one of a series of plasmid cloning vectors created by Joachim Messing and co-workers.
The designation "pUC" is derived from the classical "p" prefix (denoting "plasmid") and the
abbreviation for the University of California, where early work on the plasmid series had been
conducted. It is a circular double stranded DNA and has 2686 base pairs. pUC19 is one of the
most widely used vector molecules as the recombinants, or the cells into which foreign DNA has
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differences of colonies on growth media. pUC18 is similar to pUC19, but the MCS region is
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pUC19 encodes for an ampicillin resistance gene (amopR), via a -lactamase enzyme that
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polymerase is a predominant mechanism for regulating expression of specific proteins,
presumably because it provides maximal conservation of energy for the cell. We can often
observe the consequence of differential transcription due to the presence or absence of particular
proteins or the growth in particular environments. Control can also occur at translation; the
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on plasmids. We will analyze transcriptional activity, translational activity, and protein function.
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plasmid and pass it to daughter cells (vertical transmission) and to neighboring cells (horizontal).
Plasmids are a mechanism of gene diversity. In order to stably retain the plasmid, there needs to
be some type of metabolic reason for the bacteria to maintain the plasmid. In other words, the
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resistance), 3. Additional gene for ease of visual screening 4. Multiple cloning site
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abbreviation for the University of California, where early work on the plasmid series had been
conducted. It is a circular double stranded DNA and has 2686 base pairs. pUC19 is one of the
most widely used vector molecules as the recombinants, or the cells into which foreign DNA has
been introduced, can be easily distinguished from the non-recombinants based on color
differences of colonies on growth media. pUC18 is similar to pUC19, but the MCS region is
reversed. - pUC 19 has an origin of replication and is maintained at a high copy number. -
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fragment of -galactosidase (lacZ) gene of E. coli which allows for visual screening of
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proteins required for optimal function and growth varies with cellular age and environmental
context. Thus, protein production is carefully regulated by multiple mechanisms that modulate
both transcriptional and translational pathways. Control of transcription initiation by RNA
polymerase is a predominant mechanism for regulating expression of specific proteins,
presumably because it provides maximal conservation of energy for the cell. We can often
observe the consequence of differential transcription due to the presence or absence of particular
proteins or the growth in particular environments. Control can also occur at translation; the
mRNA is synthesized, but only in certain circumstances is it translated. Control can also occur at
the level of protein function; the protein is inactive, or activity is not observed due to the lack of
the substrate. In this lab we will observe differential expression of two different genes encoded
on plasmids. We will analyze transcriptional activity, translational activity, and protein function.
Plasmids are extra-chromosomal DNA. Bacteria often have plasmids and will replicate the
plasmid and pass it to daughter cells (vertical transmission) and to neighboring cells (horizontal).
Plasmids are a mechanism of gene diversity. In order to stably retain the plasmid, there needs to
be some type of metabolic reason for the bacteria to maintain the plasmid. In other words, the
plasmid confers an advantage. Plasmids contain: 1. Ori: the plasmid may present is low or high
copy number. 2. Lab generated plasmids typically also contain a selectable marker (antibiotic
resistance), 3. Additional gene for ease of visual screening 4. Multiple cloning site
pUC19 is one of a series of plasmid cloning vectors created by Joachim Messing and co-workers.
The designation "pUC" is derived from the classical "p" prefix (denoting "plasmid") and the
abbreviation for the University of California, where early work on the plasmid series had been
conducted. It is a circular double stranded DNA and has 2686 base pairs. pUC19 is one of the
most widely used vector molecules as the recombinants, or the cells into which foreign DNA has
been introduced, can be easily distinguished from the non-recombinants based on color
differences of colonies on growth media. pUC18 is similar to pUC19, but the MCS region is
reversed. - pUC 19 has an origin of replication and is maintained at a high copy number. -
pUC19 encodes for an ampicillin resistance gene (amopR), via a -lactamase enzyme that
functions by degrading ampicillin and reducing its toxicity to the host. - It has an N-terminal
fragment of -galactosidase (lacZ) gene of E. coli which allows for visual screening of
recombinant plasmids. The transformed cells containing the plasmid with the gene of interest ca.
Regulation
Regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes occurs at multiple levels and differs from prokaryotes in several key ways. It involves control at the transcriptional level via promoter regions, transcription factors, and chromatin structure. Gene expression can also be regulated post-transcriptionally through RNA processing mechanisms like alternative splicing and polyadenylation. Transcription factors and enhancer regions further modulate gene expression levels. Overall, eukaryotic gene regulation is a complex process that occurs at DNA, RNA, and protein levels.
Presentacion biomol.pptx
The document analyzes the ability of the Salmonella antibacterial Rhs polymorphic toxin to inhibit translation through ADP-ribosylation of EF-Tu P-loop. It used several methods, including PCR to amplify DNA, western blot to evaluate protein presence, and SDS-PAGE and toxicity assays. Results are shown in Figures 1E, 3, 4E, and 5B. The discussion analyzes literature stating the D21 residue of EF-Tu interacts with GTP and decreases GTPase activity. The conclusion is that understanding molecular biology can provide insights into disease pathogenesis and new treatments.
ONLY THE LAST QUESTION IS THE POINT OF POST. THE OTHER PAGES ARE B.pdf
ONLY THE LAST QUESTION IS THE POINT OF POST. THE OTHER PAGES ARE
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Lab: Differential Expression Differential gene expression provides
the ability for a cell or organism to respond to a constantly changing external environment. The
specific constellation of proteins required for optimal function and growth varies with cellular
age and environmental context. Thus, protein production is carefully regulated by multiple
mechanisms that modulate both transcriptional and translational pathways. Control of
transcription initiation by RNA polymerase is a predominant mechanism for regulating
expression of specific proteins, presumably because it provides maximal conservation of energy
for the cell. We can often observe the consequence of differential transcription due to the
presence or absence of particular proteins or the growth in particular environments. Control can
also occur at translation; the mRNA is synthesized, but only in certain circumstances is it
translated. Control can also occur at the level of protein function; the protein is inactive, or
activity is not observed due to the lack of the substrate. In this lab we will observe differential
expression of two different genes encoded on plasmids. We will analyze transcriptional activity,
translational activity, and protein function. Plasmids are extra-chromosomal DNA. Bacteria often
have plasmids and will replicate the plasmid and pass it to daughter cells (vertical transmission)
and to neighboring cells (horizontal). Plasmids are a mechanism of gene diversity. In order to
stably retain the plasmid, there needs to be some type of metabolic reason for the bacteria to
maintain the plasmid. In other words, the plasmid confers an advantage. Plasmids contain: 1. Ori:
the plasmid may present is low or high copy number. 2. Lab generated plasmids typically also
contain a selectable marker (antibiotic resistance), 3. Additional gene for ease of visual screening
4. Multiple cloning site
pUC19 is one of a series of plasmid cloning vectors created by Joachim Messing and co-workers.
The designation "pUC" is derived from the classical "p" prefix (denoting "plasmid") and the
abbreviation for the University of California, where early work on the plasmid series had been
conducted. It is a circular double stranded DNA and has 2686 base pairs. pUC19 is one of the
most widely used vector molecules as the recombinants, or the cells into which foreign DNA has
been introduced, can be easily distinguished from the non-recombinants based on color
differences of colonies on growth media. pUC18 is similar to pUC19, but the MCS region is
reversed. - pUC 19 has an origin of replication and is maintained at a high copy number. -
pUC19 encodes for an ampicillin resistance gene (amopR), via a -lactamase enzyme that
functions by degrading ampicillin and reducing its toxicity to the host. - It has an N-terminal
fragment of -galactosidase (lacZ) gene of E. coli which allows for visual screening of
recombinant.
ONLY THE LAST QUESTION IS THE POINT OF POST. THE OTHER PAGES ARE BAC.pdf
ONLY THE LAST QUESTION IS THE POINT OF POST. THE OTHER PAGES ARE
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Lab: Differential Expression Differential gene expression provides
the ability for a cell or organism to respond to a constantly changing external environment. The
specific constellation of proteins required for optimal function and growth varies with cellular
age and environmental context. Thus, protein production is carefully regulated by multiple
mechanisms that modulate both transcriptional and translational pathways. Control of
transcription initiation by RNA polymerase is a predominant mechanism for regulating
expression of specific proteins, presumably because it provides maximal conservation of energy
for the cell. We can often observe the consequence of differential transcription due to the
presence or absence of particular proteins or the growth in particular environments. Control can
also occur at translation; the mRNA is synthesized, but only in certain circumstances is it
translated. Control can also occur at the level of protein function; the protein is inactive, or
activity is not observed due to the lack of the substrate. In this lab we will observe differential
expression of two different genes encoded on plasmids. We will analyze transcriptional activity,
translational activity, and protein function. Plasmids are extra-chromosomal DNA. Bacteria often
have plasmids and will replicate the plasmid and pass it to daughter cells (vertical transmission)
and to neighboring cells (horizontal). Plasmids are a mechanism of gene diversity. In order to
stably retain the plasmid, there needs to be some type of metabolic reason for the bacteria to
maintain the plasmid. In other words, the plasmid confers an advantage. Plasmids contain: 1. Ori:
the plasmid may present is low or high copy number. 2. Lab generated plasmids typically also
contain a selectable marker (antibiotic resistance), 3. Additional gene for ease of visual screening
4. Multiple cloning site
pUC19 is one of a series of plasmid cloning vectors created by Joachim Messing and co-workers.
The designation "pUC" is derived from the classical "p" prefix (denoting "plasmid") and the
abbreviation for the University of California, where early work on the plasmid series had been
conducted. It is a circular double stranded DNA and has 2686 base pairs. pUC19 is one of the
most widely used vector molecules as the recombinants, or the cells into which foreign DNA has
been introduced, can be easily distinguished from the non-recombinants based on color
differences of colonies on growth media. pUC18 is similar to pUC19, but the MCS region is
reversed. - pUC 19 has an origin of replication and is maintained at a high copy number. -
pUC19 encodes for an ampicillin resistance gene (amopR), via a -lactamase enzyme that
functions by degrading ampicillin and reducing its toxicity to the host. - It has an N-terminal
fragment of -galactosidase (lacZ) gene of E. coli which allows for visual screening of
recombinant.
Control of gene expression
Definition, Principle, gene expression in eukaryotes, levels of gene control, genes and regulatory elements, Operon system
Gene regulation in prokaryotes
This document discusses gene regulation in prokaryotes. It begins by introducing gene regulation and how prokaryotes regulate gene expression mainly through transcription. It then discusses two key examples - the lac operon and tryptophan operon. For the lac operon, it describes the structure of the operon, how the lac repressor binds to DNA in the absence of lactose to prevent transcription, and how lactose or allolactose binding induces a conformational change allowing transcription. It also discusses the positive role of cAMP and CAP protein in transcriptional activation of the lac operon.
Gene regulation
assignment (ppt.) on Gene Regulation: its mechanism,levels and types (gene regulation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes)
operon and its components.
Regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes
This document summarizes gene regulation in eukaryotes. It discusses how gene expression is regulated at multiple levels, including transcription, RNA processing, and intracellular/intercellular signaling. Key points include: (1) Gene expression is controlled by transcription factors binding to promoter and enhancer regions; (2) Eukaryotic gene expression involves RNA splicing and alternative splicing of exons; and (3) The Britten-Davidson model proposes that sensor genes control integrator genes which regulate sets of producer genes in response to signals.
Gene expression,Regulation of gene expression by dr.Tasnim
This document discusses gene expression and its regulation. It defines gene expression as the process by which information from a gene is used to synthesize a functional product, often protein or RNA. Gene expression is regulated at multiple levels, including transcription, RNA processing, and protein utilization. The document provides details on the lac operon in E. coli as an example of prokaryotic gene regulation and compares differences in eukaryotic and prokaryotic gene expression mechanisms.
bhavna's final poster kornmann
This document summarizes an experiment that aimed to identify protein interactors of Vps13 in yeast by performing immunoprecipitation using GFP-tagged Vps13. The experiment was able to enrich for and detect the 360kDa Vps13 protein by mass spectrometry. Future steps discussed are further examining these results, using an alternative FLAG-tag approach, and verifying potential interactors through biochemical methods and microscopy.
Gene expression
Gene expression in eukaryotes is regulated through various mechanisms including histone modification, DNA methylation, enhancers, and combinations of regulatory proteins. Gene regulation occurs through positive and negative elements that increase or decrease expression. Key examples are the lac and tryptophan operons in prokaryotes, which are regulated by repressors and inducers to control metabolic pathways in response to environmental conditions.
DNA Promoters presentation
This document discusses promoters, which are DNA sequences located near genes that regulate gene expression. Promoters bind proteins like transcription factors to initiate transcription of genes into mRNA. The document covers different types of promoters in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, how promoters control gene expression through mechanisms like operons, and diseases associated with aberrant promoter function. It also discusses common laboratory promoters and why the study of promoters is important for controlling gene expression in research.
Hoofdstuk 18 2008 deel 1
The document summarizes regulation of gene expression in bacteria and eukaryotes. It discusses the trp and lac operons in bacteria, which regulate gene expression in response to tryptophan and lactose levels. In eukaryotes, gene expression is controlled by chromatin structure, transcription factors that bind enhancers and recruit RNA polymerase, and post-transcriptional processing of transcripts.
Gene expression in prokaryotes
The document summarizes gene expression and regulation in prokaryotes. It discusses how prokaryotes transcribe genes only when needed to increase efficiency. Gene expression is regulated primarily at the transcription level through operons like the lac and trp operons. The lac operon is induced by lactose and inhibited by glucose, while the trp operon is repressed by tryptophan to control biosynthesis. Both operons use repressor proteins that bind DNA in response to metabolites to regulate transcription.
Gene transcription and co transcriptional modification
Gene transcription is the process of forming RNA from DNA. It involves initiation, elongation, and termination. In initiation, RNA polymerase binds to promoter sequences on DNA and unwinds the strands to form a transcription bubble. Elongation occurs as nucleotides are added one by one to the growing RNA strand. Termination happens via either a rho-dependent pathway involving a rho factor, or a rho-independent pathway utilizing hairpin structures. Eukaryotic transcription requires general transcription factors for RNA polymerase to bind properly to DNA. The resulting pre-mRNA undergoes 5' capping, 3' polyadenylation tailing, and intron removal through RNA splicing.
PAG Jan 2011: Epigenetic Regulation in the Pacific Oyster
The document discusses research into epigenetic regulation via DNA methylation in the Pacific oyster. DNA methylation patterns can be influenced by the environment and passed to offspring. The researchers characterized DNA methylation in the oyster transcriptome and found genes involved in stress response tend to be hypomethylated while housekeeping genes are hypermethylated. They are investigating relationships between the environment, DNA methylation, and gene expression to better understand epigenetic responses to environmental change in oysters.
Similar to Estrogen receptor and laminin genetic polymorphism among women with pelvic organ prolapse (20)
Lab Differential Expression Differential gene expression provides th.pdf
Lab Differential Expression Differential gene expression provides th.pdf
Lab Differential Expression Differential gene expression provides .pdf
Lab Differential Expression Differential gene expression provides .pdf
ONLY THE LAST QUESTION IS THE POINT OF POST. THE OTHER PAGES ARE B.pdf
ONLY THE LAST QUESTION IS THE POINT OF POST. THE OTHER PAGES ARE B.pdf
ONLY THE LAST QUESTION IS THE POINT OF POST. THE OTHER PAGES ARE BAC.pdf
ONLY THE LAST QUESTION IS THE POINT OF POST. THE OTHER PAGES ARE BAC.pdf
Gene expression,Regulation of gene expression by dr.Tasnim
Gene expression,Regulation of gene expression by dr.Tasnim
Gene transcription and co transcriptional modification
Gene transcription and co transcriptional modification
PAG Jan 2011: Epigenetic Regulation in the Pacific Oyster
PAG Jan 2011: Epigenetic Regulation in the Pacific Oyster
Recently uploaded
11.1 Role of physical biological in deterioration of grains.pdf
Storagedeteriorationisanyformoflossinquantityandqualityofbio-materials.
Themajorcausesofdeteriorationinstorage
•Physical
•Biological
•Mechanical
•Chemical
Storageonlypreservesquality.Itneverimprovesquality.
Itisadvisabletostartstoragewithqualityfoodproduct.Productwithinitialpoorqualityquicklydepreciates
Candidate young stellar objects in the S-cluster: Kinematic analysis of a sub...
Context. The observation of several L-band emission sources in the S cluster has led to a rich discussion of their nature. However, a definitive answer to the classification of the dusty objects requires an explanation for the detection of compact Doppler-shifted Brγ emission. The ionized hydrogen in combination with the observation of mid-infrared L-band continuum emission suggests that most of these sources are embedded in a dusty envelope. These embedded sources are part of the S-cluster, and their relationship to the S-stars is still under debate. To date, the question of the origin of these two populations has been vague, although all explanations favor migration processes for the individual cluster members. Aims. This work revisits the S-cluster and its dusty members orbiting the supermassive black hole SgrA* on bound Keplerian orbits from a kinematic perspective. The aim is to explore the Keplerian parameters for patterns that might imply a nonrandom distribution of the sample. Additionally, various analytical aspects are considered to address the nature of the dusty sources. Methods. Based on the photometric analysis, we estimated the individual H−K and K−L colors for the source sample and compared the results to known cluster members. The classification revealed a noticeable contrast between the S-stars and the dusty sources. To fit the flux-density distribution, we utilized the radiative transfer code HYPERION and implemented a young stellar object Class I model. We obtained the position angle from the Keplerian fit results; additionally, we analyzed the distribution of the inclinations and the longitudes of the ascending node. Results. The colors of the dusty sources suggest a stellar nature consistent with the spectral energy distribution in the near and midinfrared domains. Furthermore, the evaporation timescales of dusty and gaseous clumps in the vicinity of SgrA* are much shorter ( 2yr) than the epochs covered by the observations (≈15yr). In addition to the strong evidence for the stellar classification of the D-sources, we also find a clear disk-like pattern following the arrangements of S-stars proposed in the literature. Furthermore, we find a global intrinsic inclination for all dusty sources of 60 ± 20◦, implying a common formation process. Conclusions. The pattern of the dusty sources manifested in the distribution of the position angles, inclinations, and longitudes of the ascending node strongly suggests two different scenarios: the main-sequence stars and the dusty stellar S-cluster sources share a common formation history or migrated with a similar formation channel in the vicinity of SgrA*. Alternatively, the gravitational influence of SgrA* in combination with a massive perturber, such as a putative intermediate mass black hole in the IRS 13 cluster, forces the dusty objects and S-stars to follow a particular orbital arrangement. Key words. stars: black holes– stars: formation– Galaxy: center– galaxies: star formation
Summary Of transcription and Translation.pdf
Hello Everyone Here We are Sharing You with The process of protien Synthesis in very short points you will be Able to understand It Very well
Pests of Storage_Identification_Dr.UPR.pdf
InIndia-post-harvestlosses-unscientificstorage,insects,rodents,micro-organismsetc.,accountforabout10percentoftotalfoodgrains
Graininfestation
Directdamage
Indirectly
•theexuviae,skin,deadinsects
•theirexcretawhichmakefoodunfitforhumanconsumption
About600speciesofinsectshavebeenassociatedwithstoredgrainproducts
100speciesofinsectpestsofstoredproductscauseeconomiclosses
Mechanisms and Applications of Antiviral Neutralizing Antibodies - Creative B...
Neutralizing antibodies, pivotal in immune defense, specifically bind and inhibit viral pathogens, thereby playing a crucial role in protecting against and mitigating infectious diseases. In this slide, we will introduce what antibodies and neutralizing antibodies are, the production and regulation of neutralizing antibodies, their mechanisms of action, classification and applications, as well as the challenges they face.
快速办理(UAM毕业证书)马德里自治大学毕业证学位证一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(UAM毕业证书)马德里自治大学毕业证学位证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
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4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
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8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
MICROBIAL INTERACTION PPT/ MICROBIAL INTERACTION AND THEIR TYPES // PLANT MIC...
MICROBIAL INTERACTION PPT/ MICROBIAL INTERACTION AND THEIR TYPES // PLANT MIC...ABHISHEK SONI NIMT INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL AND PARAMEDCIAL SCIENCES , GOVT PG COLLEGE NOIDA
Microbial interaction
Microorganisms interacts with each other and can be physically associated with another organisms in a variety of ways.
One organism can be located on the surface of another organism as an ectobiont or located within another organism as endobiont.
Microbial interaction may be positive such as mutualism, proto-cooperation, commensalism or may be negative such as parasitism, predation or competition
Types of microbial interaction
Positive interaction: mutualism, proto-cooperation, commensalism
Negative interaction: Ammensalism (antagonism), parasitism, predation, competition
I. Mutualism:
It is defined as the relationship in which each organism in interaction gets benefits from association. It is an obligatory relationship in which mutualist and host are metabolically dependent on each other.
Mutualistic relationship is very specific where one member of association cannot be replaced by another species.
Mutualism require close physical contact between interacting organisms.
Relationship of mutualism allows organisms to exist in habitat that could not occupied by either species alone.
Mutualistic relationship between organisms allows them to act as a single organism.
Examples of mutualism:
i. Lichens:
Lichens are excellent example of mutualism.
They are the association of specific fungi and certain genus of algae. In lichen, fungal partner is called mycobiont and algal partner is called
II. Syntrophism:
It is an association in which the growth of one organism either depends on or improved by the substrate provided by another organism.
In syntrophism both organism in association gets benefits.
Compound A
Utilized by population 1
Compound B
Utilized by population 2
Compound C
utilized by both Population 1+2
Products
In this theoretical example of syntrophism, population 1 is able to utilize and metabolize compound A, forming compound B but cannot metabolize beyond compound B without co-operation of population 2. Population 2is unable to utilize compound A but it can metabolize compound B forming compound C. Then both population 1 and 2 are able to carry out metabolic reaction which leads to formation of end product that neither population could produce alone.
Examples of syntrophism:
i. Methanogenic ecosystem in sludge digester
Methane produced by methanogenic bacteria depends upon interspecies hydrogen transfer by other fermentative bacteria.
Anaerobic fermentative bacteria generate CO2 and H2 utilizing carbohydrates which is then utilized by methanogenic bacteria (Methanobacter) to produce methane.
ii. Lactobacillus arobinosus and Enterococcus faecalis:
In the minimal media, Lactobacillus arobinosus and Enterococcus faecalis are able to grow together but not alone.
The synergistic relationship between E. faecalis and L. arobinosus occurs in which E. faecalis require folic acid
Reaching the age of Adolescence- Class 8
This is a presentation on understanding the age of adolescence.
Discovery of An Apparent Red, High-Velocity Type Ia Supernova at 𝐳 = 2.9 wi...
We present the JWST discovery of SN 2023adsy, a transient object located in a host galaxy JADES-GS
+
53.13485
−
27.82088
with a host spectroscopic redshift of
2.903
±
0.007
. The transient was identified in deep James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)/NIRCam imaging from the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES) program. Photometric and spectroscopic followup with NIRCam and NIRSpec, respectively, confirm the redshift and yield UV-NIR light-curve, NIR color, and spectroscopic information all consistent with a Type Ia classification. Despite its classification as a likely SN Ia, SN 2023adsy is both fairly red (
�
(
�
−
�
)
∼
0.9
) despite a host galaxy with low-extinction and has a high Ca II velocity (
19
,
000
±
2
,
000
km/s) compared to the general population of SNe Ia. While these characteristics are consistent with some Ca-rich SNe Ia, particularly SN 2016hnk, SN 2023adsy is intrinsically brighter than the low-
�
Ca-rich population. Although such an object is too red for any low-
�
cosmological sample, we apply a fiducial standardization approach to SN 2023adsy and find that the SN 2023adsy luminosity distance measurement is in excellent agreement (
≲
1
�
) with
Λ
CDM. Therefore unlike low-
�
Ca-rich SNe Ia, SN 2023adsy is standardizable and gives no indication that SN Ia standardized luminosities change significantly with redshift. A larger sample of distant SNe Ia is required to determine if SN Ia population characteristics at high-
�
truly diverge from their low-
�
counterparts, and to confirm that standardized luminosities nevertheless remain constant with redshift.
HUMAN EYE By-R.M Class 10 phy best digital notes.pdf
Class 10 human eye notes physics
Handwritten best quality
Holsinger, Bruce W. - Music, body and desire in medieval culture [2001].pdf
Music and Medieval History
Farming systems analysis: what have we learnt?.pptx
Presentation given at the official farewell of Prof Ken Gillet at Wageningen on 13 June 2024
Evidence of Jet Activity from the Secondary Black Hole in the OJ 287 Binary S...
Wereport the study of a huge optical intraday flare on 2021 November 12 at 2 a.m. UT in the blazar OJ287. In the binary black hole model, it is associated with an impact of the secondary black hole on the accretion disk of the primary. Our multifrequency observing campaign was set up to search for such a signature of the impact based on a prediction made 8 yr earlier. The first I-band results of the flare have already been reported by Kishore et al. (2024). Here we combine these data with our monitoring in the R-band. There is a big change in the R–I spectral index by 1.0 ±0.1 between the normal background and the flare, suggesting a new component of radiation. The polarization variation during the rise of the flare suggests the same. The limits on the source size place it most reasonably in the jet of the secondary BH. We then ask why we have not seen this phenomenon before. We show that OJ287 was never before observed with sufficient sensitivity on the night when the flare should have happened according to the binary model. We also study the probability that this flare is just an oversized example of intraday variability using the Krakow data set of intense monitoring between 2015 and 2023. We find that the occurrence of a flare of this size and rapidity is unlikely. In machine-readable Tables 1 and 2, we give the full orbit-linked historical light curve of OJ287 as well as the dense monitoring sample of Krakow.
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Candidate young stellar objects in the S-cluster: Kinematic analysis of a sub...
Candidate young stellar objects in the S-cluster: Kinematic analysis of a sub...
Mechanisms and Applications of Antiviral Neutralizing Antibodies - Creative B...
Mechanisms and Applications of Antiviral Neutralizing Antibodies - Creative B...
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Discovery of An Apparent Red, High-Velocity Type Ia Supernova at 𝐳 = 2.9 wi...
Discovery of An Apparent Red, High-Velocity Type Ia Supernova at 𝐳 = 2.9 wi...
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Holsinger, Bruce W. - Music, body and desire in medieval culture [2001].pdf
Holsinger, Bruce W. - Music, body and desire in medieval culture [2001].pdf
Farming systems analysis: what have we learnt?.pptx
Farming systems analysis: what have we learnt?.pptx
Evidence of Jet Activity from the Secondary Black Hole in the OJ 287 Binary S...
Evidence of Jet Activity from the Secondary Black Hole in the OJ 287 Binary S...
Clinical periodontology and implant dentistry 2003.pdf
Clinical periodontology and implant dentistry 2003.pdf
Estrogen receptor and laminin genetic polymorphism among women with pelvic organ prolapse
- 2. INTRODUCTION ESTROGEN RECEPTOR ü Nuclear receptor ü Regulate the specific genes expression ü Links: Estrogen or similar molecules ü Binds to DNA as a transcripBon factor LAMININ ü Glycoprotein ü Is composed of three chains: Alpha, beta and gamma
- 8. Restric&on enzymes ü Are obtained from bacterias. ü They recoignize and cut specifc sequences of DNA nucleoBdes. ü This sequences are different in length and number of Pb (pairs of bases)
- 13. Author Concept Weber et al. These results indicate that while ERa geneBc polymorphism seems to be associated with an increased risk for developing POP, LAMC1 polymorphism showed no correlaBon with this disorder. Bai et al. Found significantly decreased estrogen and progesterone receptors in uterosacral ligaments of prolapsed uteri. Franz et al. Estrogen receptors are thought to be of special importance in the pathophysiology of POP. Chen et al. Reported no significant clustering of the LAMC1 gene among 102 Caucasian and 63 Africane American- females with POP DISCUSSION