These slides use concepts from my (Jeff Funk) course entitled analyzing hi-tech opportunities to analyze how autonomous vehicles are becoming economically feasible throug through improvements in lasers, microelectronic mechanical systems (MEMS), integrated circuits (ICs), and other components. Although the cost of the Google Car is currently about 150,000 USD, 30% annual improvements in lasers, MEMS, and ICs will make these economically feasible for a broad number of users in the next ten years. A key issue is when certain lanes, roads or even entire highway systems are restricted to automated vehicles. This would enable collision avoidance to rely more on between-vehicle communications. This would further reduce the cost of automated vehicles, stimulate diffusion, and also reduce transportation time and increase fuel efficiency.
I guess everyone have little knowledge about connected car technology as it has been newly introduced to auto industry. This presentation explains some common features of it i.e. Music app, Navigation, Automotive system diagnosis, Bluetooth, Road-side assistance, Hands-free control, Contextual help, Parking help, App manager, 4G Wi-Fi hotspot, ADAS etc. The most demanded features of connected car are the In-car safety features and vehicle-to-vehicle safety features. Check out for details.
The Internet of Cars - Towards the Future of the Connected CarJorgen Thelin
No doubt you have heard the phrase “Internet of Things” and the new buzzword “IoT” been used more and more these days, but what does that mean in practice? The Tesla Model S is probably the most well-connected car on the planet at the moment, and in this presentation we will use that vehicle as a case study of some practical usage of IoT concepts and technology that is already being applied to modern automobiles.How far away are we from a future “Internet of Cars” and what will be the social and privacy impacts of more connected-car scenarios?
I guess everyone have little knowledge about connected car technology as it has been newly introduced to auto industry. This presentation explains some common features of it i.e. Music app, Navigation, Automotive system diagnosis, Bluetooth, Road-side assistance, Hands-free control, Contextual help, Parking help, App manager, 4G Wi-Fi hotspot, ADAS etc. The most demanded features of connected car are the In-car safety features and vehicle-to-vehicle safety features. Check out for details.
The Internet of Cars - Towards the Future of the Connected CarJorgen Thelin
No doubt you have heard the phrase “Internet of Things” and the new buzzword “IoT” been used more and more these days, but what does that mean in practice? The Tesla Model S is probably the most well-connected car on the planet at the moment, and in this presentation we will use that vehicle as a case study of some practical usage of IoT concepts and technology that is already being applied to modern automobiles.How far away are we from a future “Internet of Cars” and what will be the social and privacy impacts of more connected-car scenarios?
Introduction to Connected Cars and Autonomous VehiclesBill Harpley
This is the first of two lectures which were given to students and academic staff at the University of Portsmouth on March 28th 2017. It provides a broad overview of the technical and public policy challenges faced by the automotive industry.
An autonomous car is an autonomous vehicle capable of fulfilling the human transportation capabilities of a traditional car. As an autonomous vehicle, it is capable of sensing its environment and navigating without human input.
Future of Autonomous Vehicles
The dream of self-driving vehicles has been a long time coming. It is however now within reach and the pressure is on the deliver on the vision. With sustained technology development, increased investment and raising public awareness, there is enormous interest in the imminent mainstream use of autonomous vehicles on the streets.
Although approaches vary from around the world, policy makers and urban planners in leading locations are now seeking to collaborate more with manufacturers, mobility providers, tech suppliers, logistics operators in order to align regulation for testing and mass deployment. And it goes both ways.
The investments being made in autonomy have rapidly shifted from millions to billions, so unsurprisingly those public and private organisations that are providing the funds are keen to ensure that the ROI is credible. There is much to play for and, although there has been substantial progress over recent years, significant questions on safety, social impact, business models and performance are still unanswered.
The Future of Autonomous Vehicles project was undertaken to canvas the views of a wide range of experts from around the world in order to create a clearer, informed global perspective of how autonomy will evolve over the next decade. Beginning with a discussion with government officials just outside Shanghai in July 2018 and ending with leaders from across the US autonomous vehicle community in the hills above Silicon Valley in February of 2020, this project has covered a lot of ground. In all, eight workshops and six additional discussions have engaged with hundreds of different opinions, shared perspectives and built considered future pathways.
This report is a synthesis of many voices and opinions on the likely future of autonomous vehicles. We hope that is useful.
Full project details are available on the dedicated mini site www.futureautonomous.org
Just what is that thing on top of the Google Car? What does adaptive cruise control with lane assist mean? When are these things going to be ready? The answer to these questions and more in a technology overview that unravels just how these vehicles are going to work. Presented at the 2017 D-STOP Symposium.
Google Self Driving Cars
The Google Self-Driving Car is a project by Google that involves developing technology for autonomous cars. The software powering Google's cars is called Google Chauffeur. Lettering on the side of each car identifies it as a "self-driving car". The project is currently being led by Google engineer Sebastian Thrun, former director of the Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory and co-inventor of Google Street View. Thrun's team at Stanford created the robotic vehicle Stanley which won the 2005 DARPA Grand Challenge and its US$2 million prize from the United States Department of Defense. The team developing the system consisted of 15 engineers working for Google, including Chris Urmson, Mike Montemerlo, and Anthony Levandowski who had worked on the DARPA Grand and Urban Challenges.
Legislation has been passed in four states and the District of Columbia allowing driverless cars. The U.S. state of Nevada passed a law on June 29, 2011, permitting the operation of autonomous cars in Nevada, after Google had been lobbying in that state for robotic car laws. The Nevada law went into effect on March 1, 2012, and the Nevada Department of Motor Vehicles issued the first license for an autonomous car in May 2012, to a Toyota Prius modified with Google's experimental driverless technology. In April 2012, Florida became the second state to allow the testing of autonomous cars on public roads, and California became the third when Governor Jerry Brown signed the bill into law at Google HQ in Mountain View. In July 2014, the city of Coeur d'Alene, Idaho adopted a robotics ordinance that includes provisions to allow for self-driving cars.
Videos
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCCLyNDhxwpqNe3UeEmGHl8g
The autonomous vehicle, driverless or self-driving car will be one of the greatest technological developments of the next decade (if not all time).
It will profoundly change life on earth.
For the past century our car-centric culture has shaped infrastructure and ideals, landscape and lifestyle, ethics and enterprise. We rely on the mobility that cars provide us more than ever, but the car’s purpose and meaning changes as the driver fades out.
When the car drives itself, what we do in our cars and with our cars is exponentially different. When the car is intelligent, intuitive and adaptive, our relationship to the car alters. When the car builds itself, environments and economies are reshaped.
This report looks at the players, technologies and trends in the autonomous vehicle space and paints a picture of probable futures for citizens, businesses and marketers.
Buckle up. Bumpy roads ahead.
it is a presentation on auto driving car or driverless car . it is a group presentation on auto driving car for power system analysis course from American International University Bangladesh (AIUB) .
Autonomous Vehicles: Technologies, Economics, and OpportunitiesJeffrey Funk
These slides use concepts from my (Jeff Funk) course entitled analyzing hi-tech opportunities to show how the cost and performance of autonomous vehicles are improving rapidly. LIDAR, other sensors, ICs, and wireless are experiencing rapid improvements that are enabling the overall cost of AVs to fall. For example, the latency of wireless systems is improving rapidly thus enabling vehicles to be controlled with wireless systems. This is also creating many new opportunities in the vehicle industry in the Internet of Things, data analytics, and logistics. The slides include a detailed discussion of AVs in Singapore, a likely early adopter.
Imaging Technologies for Automotive 2016 Report by Yole Developpement Yole Developpement
Imaging technology, which is currently mainly cameras, is exploding into the automotive space, and is set to grow at 20% CAGR to reach $7.3B in 2021
INFOTAINMENT AND ADVANCED DRIVER ASSISTANCE SYSTEMS (ADAS) PROPEL AUTOMOTIVE IMAGING
Since 2008, when a recession acted as a wakeup call to the whole industry, the automotive market has undergone obvious structural change. Capitalizing on technologies initially developed for smartphones, electronics have invaded, and imaging technology is now taking center stage. From less than one camera per car on average in 2015, there will be more than three cameras per car by 2021, which means 371 million automotive imaging devices.
Cameras were initially mounted for ADAS purposes on high-end vehicles, with deep learning image analysis techniques promoting early adoption. The Israeli company Mobileye has been instrumental in bringing this technology to market, along with On Semiconductor, which provided the CMOS image sensor. Copycat competition will probably pick up as the market now justifies initial investment in design and technology. It is now a well-established fact that vision-based autonomous emergency braking (AEB) is possible and saves life. Adoption of forward ADAS cameras will therefore accelerate.
Growth of imaging for automotive is also being fueled by the park assist application, and 360° surround view camera volume is skyrocketing. While it’s becoming mandatory in the US to have a rearview camera, that uptake is dwarfed by 360° surround view cameras, which enable a “bird’s eye view” perspective. This trend is most beneficial to companies like Omnivision at sensor level and Panasonic and Valeo, which have become the main manufacturers of automotive cameras.
Mirror replacement cameras are currently the big unknown and take-off will primarily depend on its appeal and car design regulation. Europe and Japan are at the forefront of this trend, which should become slightly significant by 2021.
Solid state lidar is well talked about and will start to be found in high end cars by 2021. Cost reduction will be a key driver as the push for semi-autonomous driving will be felt more strongly by car manufacturers. The report will analyse the impact of lidar for automotive vision in detail.
Night vision cameras using Long Wave Infrared (LWIR) technology were initially perceived as a status symbol. However, they’re increasingly appreciated for their ability to automatically detect pedestrians and wildlife. LWIR will therefore become integrated into ADAS systems in future.
3D cameras will be limited to in-cabin infotainment and driver monitoring. This technology will be key for luxury cars and therefore is of limited use today.
If any significant semi-autonomous trend picks up, the technology will probably become mandatory, due to safety issues.
More information on that report at http://www.i-micronews.com/reports.html
Introduction to Connected Cars and Autonomous VehiclesBill Harpley
This is the first of two lectures which were given to students and academic staff at the University of Portsmouth on March 28th 2017. It provides a broad overview of the technical and public policy challenges faced by the automotive industry.
An autonomous car is an autonomous vehicle capable of fulfilling the human transportation capabilities of a traditional car. As an autonomous vehicle, it is capable of sensing its environment and navigating without human input.
Future of Autonomous Vehicles
The dream of self-driving vehicles has been a long time coming. It is however now within reach and the pressure is on the deliver on the vision. With sustained technology development, increased investment and raising public awareness, there is enormous interest in the imminent mainstream use of autonomous vehicles on the streets.
Although approaches vary from around the world, policy makers and urban planners in leading locations are now seeking to collaborate more with manufacturers, mobility providers, tech suppliers, logistics operators in order to align regulation for testing and mass deployment. And it goes both ways.
The investments being made in autonomy have rapidly shifted from millions to billions, so unsurprisingly those public and private organisations that are providing the funds are keen to ensure that the ROI is credible. There is much to play for and, although there has been substantial progress over recent years, significant questions on safety, social impact, business models and performance are still unanswered.
The Future of Autonomous Vehicles project was undertaken to canvas the views of a wide range of experts from around the world in order to create a clearer, informed global perspective of how autonomy will evolve over the next decade. Beginning with a discussion with government officials just outside Shanghai in July 2018 and ending with leaders from across the US autonomous vehicle community in the hills above Silicon Valley in February of 2020, this project has covered a lot of ground. In all, eight workshops and six additional discussions have engaged with hundreds of different opinions, shared perspectives and built considered future pathways.
This report is a synthesis of many voices and opinions on the likely future of autonomous vehicles. We hope that is useful.
Full project details are available on the dedicated mini site www.futureautonomous.org
Just what is that thing on top of the Google Car? What does adaptive cruise control with lane assist mean? When are these things going to be ready? The answer to these questions and more in a technology overview that unravels just how these vehicles are going to work. Presented at the 2017 D-STOP Symposium.
Google Self Driving Cars
The Google Self-Driving Car is a project by Google that involves developing technology for autonomous cars. The software powering Google's cars is called Google Chauffeur. Lettering on the side of each car identifies it as a "self-driving car". The project is currently being led by Google engineer Sebastian Thrun, former director of the Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory and co-inventor of Google Street View. Thrun's team at Stanford created the robotic vehicle Stanley which won the 2005 DARPA Grand Challenge and its US$2 million prize from the United States Department of Defense. The team developing the system consisted of 15 engineers working for Google, including Chris Urmson, Mike Montemerlo, and Anthony Levandowski who had worked on the DARPA Grand and Urban Challenges.
Legislation has been passed in four states and the District of Columbia allowing driverless cars. The U.S. state of Nevada passed a law on June 29, 2011, permitting the operation of autonomous cars in Nevada, after Google had been lobbying in that state for robotic car laws. The Nevada law went into effect on March 1, 2012, and the Nevada Department of Motor Vehicles issued the first license for an autonomous car in May 2012, to a Toyota Prius modified with Google's experimental driverless technology. In April 2012, Florida became the second state to allow the testing of autonomous cars on public roads, and California became the third when Governor Jerry Brown signed the bill into law at Google HQ in Mountain View. In July 2014, the city of Coeur d'Alene, Idaho adopted a robotics ordinance that includes provisions to allow for self-driving cars.
Videos
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCCLyNDhxwpqNe3UeEmGHl8g
The autonomous vehicle, driverless or self-driving car will be one of the greatest technological developments of the next decade (if not all time).
It will profoundly change life on earth.
For the past century our car-centric culture has shaped infrastructure and ideals, landscape and lifestyle, ethics and enterprise. We rely on the mobility that cars provide us more than ever, but the car’s purpose and meaning changes as the driver fades out.
When the car drives itself, what we do in our cars and with our cars is exponentially different. When the car is intelligent, intuitive and adaptive, our relationship to the car alters. When the car builds itself, environments and economies are reshaped.
This report looks at the players, technologies and trends in the autonomous vehicle space and paints a picture of probable futures for citizens, businesses and marketers.
Buckle up. Bumpy roads ahead.
it is a presentation on auto driving car or driverless car . it is a group presentation on auto driving car for power system analysis course from American International University Bangladesh (AIUB) .
Autonomous Vehicles: Technologies, Economics, and OpportunitiesJeffrey Funk
These slides use concepts from my (Jeff Funk) course entitled analyzing hi-tech opportunities to show how the cost and performance of autonomous vehicles are improving rapidly. LIDAR, other sensors, ICs, and wireless are experiencing rapid improvements that are enabling the overall cost of AVs to fall. For example, the latency of wireless systems is improving rapidly thus enabling vehicles to be controlled with wireless systems. This is also creating many new opportunities in the vehicle industry in the Internet of Things, data analytics, and logistics. The slides include a detailed discussion of AVs in Singapore, a likely early adopter.
Imaging Technologies for Automotive 2016 Report by Yole Developpement Yole Developpement
Imaging technology, which is currently mainly cameras, is exploding into the automotive space, and is set to grow at 20% CAGR to reach $7.3B in 2021
INFOTAINMENT AND ADVANCED DRIVER ASSISTANCE SYSTEMS (ADAS) PROPEL AUTOMOTIVE IMAGING
Since 2008, when a recession acted as a wakeup call to the whole industry, the automotive market has undergone obvious structural change. Capitalizing on technologies initially developed for smartphones, electronics have invaded, and imaging technology is now taking center stage. From less than one camera per car on average in 2015, there will be more than three cameras per car by 2021, which means 371 million automotive imaging devices.
Cameras were initially mounted for ADAS purposes on high-end vehicles, with deep learning image analysis techniques promoting early adoption. The Israeli company Mobileye has been instrumental in bringing this technology to market, along with On Semiconductor, which provided the CMOS image sensor. Copycat competition will probably pick up as the market now justifies initial investment in design and technology. It is now a well-established fact that vision-based autonomous emergency braking (AEB) is possible and saves life. Adoption of forward ADAS cameras will therefore accelerate.
Growth of imaging for automotive is also being fueled by the park assist application, and 360° surround view camera volume is skyrocketing. While it’s becoming mandatory in the US to have a rearview camera, that uptake is dwarfed by 360° surround view cameras, which enable a “bird’s eye view” perspective. This trend is most beneficial to companies like Omnivision at sensor level and Panasonic and Valeo, which have become the main manufacturers of automotive cameras.
Mirror replacement cameras are currently the big unknown and take-off will primarily depend on its appeal and car design regulation. Europe and Japan are at the forefront of this trend, which should become slightly significant by 2021.
Solid state lidar is well talked about and will start to be found in high end cars by 2021. Cost reduction will be a key driver as the push for semi-autonomous driving will be felt more strongly by car manufacturers. The report will analyse the impact of lidar for automotive vision in detail.
Night vision cameras using Long Wave Infrared (LWIR) technology were initially perceived as a status symbol. However, they’re increasingly appreciated for their ability to automatically detect pedestrians and wildlife. LWIR will therefore become integrated into ADAS systems in future.
3D cameras will be limited to in-cabin infotainment and driver monitoring. This technology will be key for luxury cars and therefore is of limited use today.
If any significant semi-autonomous trend picks up, the technology will probably become mandatory, due to safety issues.
More information on that report at http://www.i-micronews.com/reports.html
Danny Shapiro at AI Frontiers : Accelerating the Race to AI Self-Driving Cars AI Frontiers
AI is transforming industries from consumer services to robotics. The transportation industry is next. As the industry moves from ADAS to the next-generation of self-driving technology, breakthroughs in computing are changing how we interact with vehicles, and enabling them to drive us. Deep learning is the game-changing technology behind all autonomous vehicle development. This session will showcase some of the latest deep learning systems from the data center to the vehicle being development to create safe and secure self-driving vehicles.
Sensors and Data Management for Autonomous Vehicles report 2015 by Yole Devel...Yole Developpement
Multiple sensing technologies will ensure many market opportunities for Tier 1 players, Tier 2 players, and newcomers alike
Sensor technologies are a driving force in making fully autonomous vehicles a reality. Automakers are racing to develop safe self-driving cars, but this race is a distance run more than a sprint, where multiple automation stages will imply multiple sensors. Ultrasonic sensors, radars, and multiple cameras systems are already embedded in high-end vehicles -- and within 10 years, they could also include long-range cameras, LIDAR, micro bolometer and accurate dead reckoning. These devices will work concurrently and each technology will support another to ensure codependency and avoid concerns. Even though sensors are only part of the puzzle, their market opportunities are promising.
New Receiver & Transmitter components with a SiGe:C HBT technology from Infineon
The new integrated Radar and Camera (RACam) 76GHz automotive radar from Delphi integrates receiver and transmitter components from Infineon. These components use the latest SiGe:C HBT technology.
The two bare dies RF component are developed and manufactured by Infineon. The two chips are integrated in the RF board with specific thermal management. The dies have wire bonding and are directly connected to microstrip line transmission which lead the signal to antenna via a specific way through the PCB.
The RF transistors are the newest generation SiGe:C HBT dies from Infineon. The circuits use advanced insulation structure and modern copper metal layers.
The report includes a complete physical analysis of the dies, with details on technical choices regarding the design and the manufacturing process. The SiGe HBT are equally analyzed.
Global Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) Market: Trends and Opportuni...Daedal Research
The report titled “Global Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) Market: Trends and Opportunities (2013-2018)” provides an in-depth analysis of global advanced driver assistance system market. For more mail me: info@daedal-research.com
Advanced driver assistance systems are designed to increase car safety more generally road safety.
Basically Advanced driver assists(ADS) systems helps the driver in the driving process and enables safe, relaxed driving. It makes sense to get your new car with driver assist features if you find it at a reasonable price as it helps you drive easily and safely in everyday use.
2015 D-STOP Symposium session by Robert Heath, UT Austin's Wireless Networking & Communications Group.
Get symposium details: http://ctr.utexas.edu/research/d-stop/education/annual-symposium/
The Global Automotive RADAR applications Market Research Report 2016 give insights upon the world's major regional market conditions of the Automotive RADAR applications industry which mainly focus upon the main regions which include continents like North America, Europe and Asia and the main countries i.e. United States, Germany, Japan and China.
Request to Sample of This Report @ https://marketreportscenter.com/request-sample/345256
A compact, cost-effective and high-performance driving assistance system.
The Mid Range Radar Sensor, with its three Transmitter and four Receiver channels, operates in the 76-77 GHz frequency band that is standard for automotive radar applications. The front version works with an aperture angle of up to +/- 45 degrees and can detect objects up to 160 meters away. With a compact design (using fan-out RF components from Infineon), the system is easy to integrate into a vehicle’s body.
The system integrates two electronic boards including Bosch, Freescale and STMicroelectronics circuits. The RF board is manufactured with an asymmetric structure using Hybrid PTFE/FR4 substrate and is equipped with planar antennas.
Infineon 77GHZ SiGe Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuits (MMIC) are used as High-Freqency transmitter and receiver.. The two RF dies are packaged is the last version of the eWLB, the Fan-Out Wafer level Package developed and manufactured by Infineon.
Apple iPhone 7 Plus: Rear-Facing Dual Camera Module 2016 teardown reverse cos...Yole Developpement
With its choice of a dual camera, Apple’s innovations include new objectives lens assemblies, new bonding processes and a new type of autofocus
In the iPhone 7 Plus, Apple introduced a new rear camera module. Like its competitors LG and Huawei, they have chosen to integrate a dual camera. The module features two sensors, one closed to the sensor in the previous flagship, and another with a totally new structure.
Competition for the best camera phone was revived by Huawei with its flagship, the P9, using a dual camera. Like the other main players except Samsung, Apple has now introduced a dual camera module. This module integrates two 12 megapixel resolution CMOS Image Sensors (CISs) from Sony, using Exmor-RS Technology. The wide-angle objective lens assembly features an aperture of f/1.8 and a pixel size of 1.22 µm. The telephoto has a pixel size of 1 µm but a smaller aperture of f/2.8.
The iPhone 7 Plus dual camera module, with dimensions of 20.6 x 10.0 x 5.9 mm, is equipped with two sub-modules each including a Sony CIS. The wide-angle module is equipped with an optical image stabilization (OIS) voice coil motor (VCM), while the telephoto only comes with a general VCM. The CISs are assembled using a flip-chip process on a ceramic substrate with a gold stud bumping process.
With this new dual camera module and Sony’s Exmor-RS technology, Apple has innovated its offering in areas including phase detection autofocus (PDAF), its objective lens assembly structure, its sensor, and adopts a second generation of through-silicon vias (TSVs). Surprisingly both logic circuit sensors for controlling PDAF are very similar.
The report includes technology and cost analysis of the iPhone 7 Plus dual camera module. Also, comparisons with the Huawei P9, Samsung Galaxy S7 and iPhone 6S rear camera modules are provided. These comparisons highlight differences in structures, technical choices and manufacturing cost.
More information on that report at http://www.i-micronews.com/reports.html
This is a presentation that focuses on autonomous vehicles technology. The presentation describes key sensor technologies integrated under the bonnet of a driverless car. After a brief introduction, the presentation dwells deeper into each sensor technology demonstrating examples of self driving cars such as Google's self driving car, DARPA URBAN challenge etc., along the way. It also introduces the concept of electronic control units which is responsible for collecting data from different sensors and respond to other units accordingly. The slides also build a platform for vehicle to vehicle communication technology, types and its application areas.
Thanks to a partnership with Jumpshot, Moz is presenting data about Google's search growth, click distribution, and more via a panel of millions of US web users.
"Laser Beam Scanning LiDAR: MEMS-Driven 3D Sensing Automotive Applications from Interior to the Exterior" presentation by Jari Honkanen at FutureCar 2017: New Era of Automotive Electronics Workshop, Nov 8-10, 2017, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA
The main goal of this presentation is how to do research in particular field of engineering. For an example this presentation describes design of Vehicle tracking and monitoring system. So how to do research in particular field by referring standard IEEE papers is described in this presentation.
MIPI DevCon Taipei 2019: Enabling MIPI Camera Applications Including Automoti...MIPI Alliance
Kelvin Xu, product marketing manager at Synopsys, describes automotive ADAS designs with MIPI camera interface solutions such as CSI-2℠ and D-PHY℠, and outlines other MIPI automotive protocols, including I3C® and DSI℠.
LiDAR, ADAS and the Autonomous Shuttles of TomorrowHEINZ OYRER
According to market research, within the next five to ten years, the largest segment within the automated vehicle market will be held by autonomous shuttles. Core to their mass adoption are safety considerations, both for passengers as well as for the vulnerable road users in the immediate vicinity of the shuttle. How are these safety requirements achieved? Many of today’s perception platforms are based on sensor fusion, wherein different technologies are paired for optimal results. Most experts agree that LiDAR technology is an integral piece of the solution. As the next generations of autonomous shuttles become more widely adopted, Flash LiDAR solutions, which are already being leveraged today, will become a central part of the sensor suite.
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2023/09/3d-sensing-market-and-industry-update-a-presentation-from-the-yole-group/
Florian Domengie, Senior Technology and Market Analyst at Yole Intelligence (part of the Yole Group), presents the “3D Sensing: Market and Industry Update” tutorial at the May 2023 Embedded Vision Summit.
While the adoption of mobile 3D sensing has slowed in Android phones, the market has still been growing fast, thanks to Apple. Apple is continuing to adopt 3D cameras for iPhones in both front and rear. Along the way, Apple has updated face ID and simplified and shrunk 3D camera optical structures. Meanwhile, due to Android phone OEMs mostly choosing not to incorporate 3D cameras, sensor suppliers and integrators have had to work hard to open up other consumer markets.
In addition to consumer markets, the use of 3D sensing has been blossoming in markets such as the industrial market and the nascent automotive market, where 3D sensing is increasingly used for advanced driver assistance systems and driver monitoring systems. In this talk, Domengie provides an overview of the main application, market, industry and technology trends of the 3D sensing industry.
Presented by Shiou Mei Huang, automotive processor hardware applications engineer at Texas Instruments, and Mayank Mangla, imaging architect at Texas Instruments.
For the full video of this presentation, please visit:
https://www.embedded-vision.com/industry-analysis/video-interviews-demos/2d-and-3d-sensing-markets-applications-and-technologies-pre
For more information about embedded vision, please visit:
http://www.embedded-vision.com
Guillaume Girardin, Photonics, Sensing and Display Division Director at Yole Développement, delivers the presentation "2D and 3D Sensing: Markets, Applications, and Technologies" at the Embedded Vision Alliance's September 2019 Vision Industry and Technology Forum. Girardin details the optical depth sensor market and application trends.
The "Unproductive Bubble:" Unprofitable startups, small markets for new digit...Jeffrey Funk
This article will show that the current bubble has produced few profitable startups and involved few if any new digital technologies, nor technologies involving recent scientific advances, and thus it is unlikely that much that is productive will be left once the dust settles. There is a growth in old technologies such as e-commerce but little in new technologies such as AI. The startup losses are also much larger than in the past suggesting that fewer of today’s startups will still exist in a few years than those of 20 years ago.
Commercialization of Science: What has changed and what can be done to revit...Jeffrey Funk
This paper several changes that I believe may have reduced America’s ability to develop science-based technologies. I make no claims about the completeness. I begin with the growth of university research and then cover several changes it engendered, including an obsession with papers, hyper-specialization of researchers, and huge bureaucracies, also using the words of Nobel Laureates and other scientists to make my points.
2000, 2008, 2022: It is hard to avoid the parallels How Big Will the 2022 S...Jeffrey Funk
These slides summarize the recent share price declines for new startups, declines that are driven by huge annual and cumulative losses and it contrasts today's bubble with those of 2000 and 2008. It shows that today's bubble involves bigger startup losses than those of the 2000 bubble and that the markets of new technologies have not grown to the extent that those of past decades did. Many hedge funds, VCs, and pension funds are heavily invested in these startups. Some of them are also highly leveraged.
The Slow Growth of AI: The State of AI and Its ApplicationsJeffrey Funk
The failure of IBM Watson, disappointments of self-driving vehicles, slow diffusion of medical imaging, small markets for AI software, and scorching criticisms of Google’s research papers provide evidence for hype and disappointment in AI, which is consistent with negative social impact of Big Data and AI algorithms. There are some successes, but they are much smaller than the predictions, with virtual applications (advertising, news, retail sales, finance and e-commerce) having the largest success, building from previous Big Data usage in the past. Looking forward, AI will augment not replace workers just as past technologies did on farms, factories, and offices. Robotic process automation and natural language processing are likely to play important roles in this augmentation with RPA automating repetitive work, natural language processing summarizing information, and RPA also putting the information in the right bins for engineers, accountants, researchers, journalists, and lawyers. Big challenges include reductions in training time depending on faster computers, exponentially rising demands on computers for high accuracies in image recognition, a slowdown in supercomputer improvements, datasets riddled with errors, and reproducibility problems.
Behind the Slow Growth of AI: Failed Moonshots, Unprofitable Startups, Error...Jeffrey Funk
Smaller than expected markets, money-losing startups, failure of Watson, slow-diffusion of self-driving vehicles and medical imaging, and scorching criticisms of Google’s research papers are some of the examples used to characterize the hype of AI. There are some successes, but they are much smaller than the predictions, with advertising, news, and e-commerce having the biggest success stories. Looking forward, #AI will augment not replace workers just as past technologies did on farms, factories, and offices. Robotic process automation and natural language processing are likely to play important roles in this augmentation with #RPA automating repetitive work, natural language processing categorizing information, and RPA also putting the information in the right bins for engineers, accountants, researchers, journalists, and lawyers. The big challenges include exponentially rising demands on computers for high accuracies in images, a slowdown in supercomputer improvements, datasets riddled with errors, and reproducibility problems. See either this podcast or my slides, whose URL is shown in comments. #technolgy #innovation #venturecapital #ipo #artificialintelligence
The Troubled Future of Startups and Innovation: Webinar for London FuturistsJeffrey Funk
These slides show how the most successful startups of today (Unicorns) are not doing as well as the most successful of 20 to 50 years ago. Today's startups are doing worse in terms of time to profitability and time to top 100 market capitalization status. Only one Unicorn founded since 2000 has achieved top 100 market capitalization status while six, nine, and eight from the 70s, 80s, and 90s did so. It is also unlikely that few or any of today's Unicorns will achieve this status because their market capitalizations are too low, share prices increases since IPO are too small, and profits remain elusive. Only 14 of 45 had share price increases greater than the Nasdaq and only 6 of 45 had profits in 2019. The reasons for the worse performance of today's Unicorns than those of 20 to 50 years ago include no breakthrough technologies, hyper-growth strategies, and the targeting of regulated industries. The slides conclude with speculations on why few breakthrough technologies, including science-based technologies from universities are emerging. We need to think back to the division of labor that existed a half a century ago.
Where are the Next Googles and Amazons? They should be here by nowJeffrey Funk
Great startups aren’t being founded like they were in the 1970s (Microsoft, Apple, Oracle, Genentech, Home Depot, EMC), 1980s (Cisco, Dell, Adobe, Qualcomm, Amgen, Gilead Sciences), and 1990s (Amazon, Google, Netflix, Salesforce.com, PayPal). All of these startups reached the top 100 for market capitalization, but Facebook is the only startup founded since 2000 which has entered the top 100. Tesla and Uber are often discussed as highly successful but they have many times higher cumulative losses than did Amazon at its time of peak losses and neither has had a profitable year despite being older than Amazon was when it achieved profits. Furthermore, few of the recent Unicorn IPOs have experienced shareprice increases greater than those of the Nasdaq (14 of 45), only 3 of these 14 have profits, and only six of them have a
market capitalization over $30 (Zoom), $20 (Square), and $10 billion (Twilio, DocuSign, Okta). America’s venture capital system isn’t working as well as it once did, and the coronavirus will make things worse before the VC system gets better.
Start-up losses are mounting and innovation is slowing, but venture capitalists, entrepreneurs, consultants, university researchers, and business schools are hyping new technologies more than ever before. This hype is facilitated by changes in online media, including the rise of social media. This paper describes how the professional incentives of experts and the changes in online media have increased hype and how this hype makes it harder for policy makers, managers, scientists, engineers, professors, and students to understand new technologies and make good decisions. We need less hype and more level-headed economic analysis and this paper describes how this economic analysis can be done. Here is a link to the journal, Issues in Science & Technology: www.issues.org
Irrational Exuberance: A Tech Crash is ComingJeffrey Funk
These slides apply Nobel Laureate Robert Schiller's concept of irrational exuberance (and a book) title to the current speculative bubble of 2019. Over investments in startups and a lack of profitability in them are finally starting to catch up with the venture capital industry and the tech sector that relies on it. Investments by US venture capitalists have risen about six times since 2001 causing the total invested in 2018 to exceed by 40% the peak of 2000, the last big year of the dotcom bubble. But the number of IPOs has never returned to the peak years of 1993 to 2000; only about 250 were carried out between 2015 and 2017 vs. about 1,200 between 1995 and 1997.
The reason is simple: startups are taking longer to go public because they are not profitable. Consider the data. The median time to IPO has risen from 2.8 years in 1998 to 7.7 years in 2016 and the ones going public are less profitable than they were in the past. Although only 22% of startups going public in 1980 were unprofitable, 82% were unprofitable in 2018. The same high percentages of unprofitability have only been achieved twice before, in 1998 and 1999 right before the dotcom bubble burst. Furthermore, startups that have recently done high profile IPOs such as Snap, Dropbox, Blue Apron, Fitbit, Trivago, Box, and Cloudera are still not profitable.
Ride Sharing, Congestion, and the Need for Real SharingJeffrey Funk
Current ride sharing services are not financially sustainable. Although they provide more convenience than do taxi services, they are experiencing massive losses because they have the same cost structure as do taxis and thus must compete through subsidies and lower wages. After all, they use the same vehicles, roads, and drivers, and only GPS algorithms and phones are new.
They also increase congestion. Just as more private vehicles or taxis on the road will increase congestion, more ride sharing vehicles also increase congestion.
These slides describe new ways to use the technologies of ride sharing to reduce congestion along with costs while at the same time keeping travel time low. This can be done through changing public transportation systems or allowing private companies to offer competing services. For instance, current bus services, whether they are private or public, need to use the algorithms, GPS, phones and other technologies of ride sharing to revise routes, schedules and the premises that currently underpin public transportation. There is no reason a bus should be certain size, stop every 200 meters, or follow the same route all day. Algorithms and phones enable new types of routes in which designers simultaneously minimize time travel and maximize number of passengers transported per vehicle.hour.
Using the percent of top managers in IPOs (initial public offering) as a proxy for an industry’s/technology’s scientific intensity, this paper shows that the percentage of IPOs and of venture capital financing for science-based technologies has been declining for decades. Second, the percentage of PhDs among the top managers in science intensive industries is also declining, suggesting that their scientific intensities are falling. Third, the age of these top managers rose during the same period suggesting that the importance of experiential knowledge has increased even as the importance of PhDs and thus educational knowledge has decreased. Fourth, the numbers of IPOs and of venture capital funding are not increasing for newer science-based industries such as superconductors, solar cells, nanotechnology, and GMOs. Fifth, there are extreme diseconomies of scale in the universities that produce the PhD-holding top managers, suggesting that universities are far less effective at doing research than are companies. These results provide a new understanding of science and technology, and they offer new prescriptions for reversing slowing productivity growth.
This paper addresses the types of knowledge that are needed in entrepreneurial firms using a unique data base of executives and directors for all IPOs filed between 1990 and 2010. Using highest educational degrees as a proxy for educational knowledge, it shows that 85% of those with PhDs are concentrated in the life sciences and ICT (information and communication technology) industries and second, that those in the ICT industries are concentrated at lower layers in a “digital stack” of industries, ranging from semiconductors and other electronics at the bottom layer to computing and Internet infrastructure at the middle layer and Internet content, commerce, and services in the top layer. Third, industries with fewer PhDs have more bachelor’s and MBA degrees suggesting that PhDs are being replaced by them and not M.S. degrees. Fourth, age is higher for industries with the most PhDs thus suggesting a greater need for experiential knowledge in industries with greater needs for educational knowledge. Fifth, the number of Nobel Prizes tracks industries with high fractions of PhDs.
beyond patents:scholars of innovation use patenting as an indicator of innova...Jeffrey Funk
This paper discusses the problems with using patents as a measure of innovation and papers as a measure of science. It also uses data to show the problems. for example, the number of patent applications and awards have grown by six times since 1984 while productivity growth has slowed.
These slides discuss how to put context back into learning. Farm and other work at home once provided a context for learning, but this context has become much weaker as work at home as mostly disappeared Students once learned mostly from parents because they worked on farms, fixed things at home, and prepared meals. These activities provided a "context" for school learning, a context that has been mostly lost. These slides discuss how this context can be put back into learning and the implications for the types of people best suited for teaching and the way to train them.
Technology Change, Creative Destruction, and Economic FeasibiltyJeffrey Funk
After showing that the costs of most electronic products are from electronic components, these slides show how the iPhone and iPad became economically feasible through improvements in microprocessors, flash memory, and displays.
These slides show that the demand for most professions is growing steadily in spite of continued improvements in productivity enhancing tools for them. They also show that AI will have a largely incremental effect on the professions, in combination with Moore's Law, cloud computing, and Big Data. They do this accounting, legal, architects, journalists, and engineers.
Solow's Computer Paradox and the Impact of AIJeffrey Funk
These slides show why IT has not delivered large improvements in productivity and why new forms of IT like AI will also not deliver large improvements, except in selected sectors. The main reason is that the improvements in AI are over-hyped and because most sectors do not have large inefficiencies in the organization of people, machinery, and materials.
What does innovation today tell us about tomorrow?Jeffrey Funk
This paper was published in Issues in Science and Technology. It distinguished between the Silicon Valley and science-based process of technology change. It shows that more new products and services are emerging from the latter than the former.
Creative destrution, Economic Feasibility, and Creative Destruction: The Case...Jeffrey Funk
This paper shows how new forms of electronic products and services such as smart phones, tablet computers and ride sharing become economically feasible and thus candidates for commercialization and creative destruction as improvements in standard electronic components such as microprocessors, memory, and displays occur. Unlike the predominant viewpoint in which commercialization is reached as advances in science facilitate design changes that enable improvements in performance and cost, most new forms of electronic products and services are not invented in a scientific sense and the cost and performance of them are primarily driven by improvements in standard components. They become candidates for commercialization as the cost and performance of standard components reach the levels necessary for the final products and services to have the required levels of performance and cost. This suggests that when managers, policy makers, engineers, and entrepreneurs consider the choice and timing of commercializing new electronic products and services, they should understand the composition of new technologies, the impact of components on a technology's cost, performance and design, and the rates of improvement in the components.
Memorandum Of Association Constitution of Company.pptseri bangash
www.seribangash.com
A Memorandum of Association (MOA) is a legal document that outlines the fundamental principles and objectives upon which a company operates. It serves as the company's charter or constitution and defines the scope of its activities. Here's a detailed note on the MOA:
Contents of Memorandum of Association:
Name Clause: This clause states the name of the company, which should end with words like "Limited" or "Ltd." for a public limited company and "Private Limited" or "Pvt. Ltd." for a private limited company.
https://seribangash.com/article-of-association-is-legal-doc-of-company/
Registered Office Clause: It specifies the location where the company's registered office is situated. This office is where all official communications and notices are sent.
Objective Clause: This clause delineates the main objectives for which the company is formed. It's important to define these objectives clearly, as the company cannot undertake activities beyond those mentioned in this clause.
www.seribangash.com
Liability Clause: It outlines the extent of liability of the company's members. In the case of companies limited by shares, the liability of members is limited to the amount unpaid on their shares. For companies limited by guarantee, members' liability is limited to the amount they undertake to contribute if the company is wound up.
https://seribangash.com/promotors-is-person-conceived-formation-company/
Capital Clause: This clause specifies the authorized capital of the company, i.e., the maximum amount of share capital the company is authorized to issue. It also mentions the division of this capital into shares and their respective nominal value.
Association Clause: It simply states that the subscribers wish to form a company and agree to become members of it, in accordance with the terms of the MOA.
Importance of Memorandum of Association:
Legal Requirement: The MOA is a legal requirement for the formation of a company. It must be filed with the Registrar of Companies during the incorporation process.
Constitutional Document: It serves as the company's constitutional document, defining its scope, powers, and limitations.
Protection of Members: It protects the interests of the company's members by clearly defining the objectives and limiting their liability.
External Communication: It provides clarity to external parties, such as investors, creditors, and regulatory authorities, regarding the company's objectives and powers.
https://seribangash.com/difference-public-and-private-company-law/
Binding Authority: The company and its members are bound by the provisions of the MOA. Any action taken beyond its scope may be considered ultra vires (beyond the powers) of the company and therefore void.
Amendment of MOA:
While the MOA lays down the company's fundamental principles, it is not entirely immutable. It can be amended, but only under specific circumstances and in compliance with legal procedures. Amendments typically require shareholder
[Note: This is a partial preview. To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
Sustainability has become an increasingly critical topic as the world recognizes the need to protect our planet and its resources for future generations. Sustainability means meeting our current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs. It involves long-term planning and consideration of the consequences of our actions. The goal is to create strategies that ensure the long-term viability of People, Planet, and Profit.
Leading companies such as Nike, Toyota, and Siemens are prioritizing sustainable innovation in their business models, setting an example for others to follow. In this Sustainability training presentation, you will learn key concepts, principles, and practices of sustainability applicable across industries. This training aims to create awareness and educate employees, senior executives, consultants, and other key stakeholders, including investors, policymakers, and supply chain partners, on the importance and implementation of sustainability.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Develop a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental principles and concepts that form the foundation of sustainability within corporate environments.
2. Explore the sustainability implementation model, focusing on effective measures and reporting strategies to track and communicate sustainability efforts.
3. Identify and define best practices and critical success factors essential for achieving sustainability goals within organizations.
CONTENTS
1. Introduction and Key Concepts of Sustainability
2. Principles and Practices of Sustainability
3. Measures and Reporting in Sustainability
4. Sustainability Implementation & Best Practices
To download the complete presentation, visit: https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations
Taurus Zodiac Sign_ Personality Traits and Sign Dates.pptxmy Pandit
Explore the world of the Taurus zodiac sign. Learn about their stability, determination, and appreciation for beauty. Discover how Taureans' grounded nature and hardworking mindset define their unique personality.
Premium MEAN Stack Development Solutions for Modern BusinessesSynapseIndia
Stay ahead of the curve with our premium MEAN Stack Development Solutions. Our expert developers utilize MongoDB, Express.js, AngularJS, and Node.js to create modern and responsive web applications. Trust us for cutting-edge solutions that drive your business growth and success.
Know more: https://www.synapseindia.com/technology/mean-stack-development-company.html
Skye Residences | Extended Stay Residences Near Toronto Airportmarketingjdass
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Enterprise Excellence is Inclusive Excellence.pdfKaiNexus
Enterprise excellence and inclusive excellence are closely linked, and real-world challenges have shown that both are essential to the success of any organization. To achieve enterprise excellence, organizations must focus on improving their operations and processes while creating an inclusive environment that engages everyone. In this interactive session, the facilitator will highlight commonly established business practices and how they limit our ability to engage everyone every day. More importantly, though, participants will likely gain increased awareness of what we can do differently to maximize enterprise excellence through deliberate inclusion.
What is Enterprise Excellence?
Enterprise Excellence is a holistic approach that's aimed at achieving world-class performance across all aspects of the organization.
What might I learn?
A way to engage all in creating Inclusive Excellence. Lessons from the US military and their parallels to the story of Harry Potter. How belt systems and CI teams can destroy inclusive practices. How leadership language invites people to the party. There are three things leaders can do to engage everyone every day: maximizing psychological safety to create environments where folks learn, contribute, and challenge the status quo.
Who might benefit? Anyone and everyone leading folks from the shop floor to top floor.
Dr. William Harvey is a seasoned Operations Leader with extensive experience in chemical processing, manufacturing, and operations management. At Michelman, he currently oversees multiple sites, leading teams in strategic planning and coaching/practicing continuous improvement. William is set to start his eighth year of teaching at the University of Cincinnati where he teaches marketing, finance, and management. William holds various certifications in change management, quality, leadership, operational excellence, team building, and DiSC, among others.
Improving profitability for small businessBen Wann
In this comprehensive presentation, we will explore strategies and practical tips for enhancing profitability in small businesses. Tailored to meet the unique challenges faced by small enterprises, this session covers various aspects that directly impact the bottom line. Attendees will learn how to optimize operational efficiency, manage expenses, and increase revenue through innovative marketing and customer engagement techniques.
Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey throu...dylandmeas
Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey through Full Sail University. Below, you’ll find a collection of my work showcasing my skills and expertise in digital marketing, event planning, and media production.
Cracking the Workplace Discipline Code Main.pptxWorkforce Group
Cultivating and maintaining discipline within teams is a critical differentiator for successful organisations.
Forward-thinking leaders and business managers understand the impact that discipline has on organisational success. A disciplined workforce operates with clarity, focus, and a shared understanding of expectations, ultimately driving better results, optimising productivity, and facilitating seamless collaboration.
Although discipline is not a one-size-fits-all approach, it can help create a work environment that encourages personal growth and accountability rather than solely relying on punitive measures.
In this deck, you will learn the significance of workplace discipline for organisational success. You’ll also learn
• Four (4) workplace discipline methods you should consider
• The best and most practical approach to implementing workplace discipline.
• Three (3) key tips to maintain a disciplined workplace.
RMD24 | Retail media: hoe zet je dit in als je geen AH of Unilever bent? Heid...BBPMedia1
Grote partijen zijn al een tijdje onderweg met retail media. Ondertussen worden in dit domein ook de kansen zichtbaar voor andere spelers in de markt. Maar met die kansen ontstaan ook vragen: Zelf retail media worden of erop adverteren? In welke fase van de funnel past het en hoe integreer je het in een mediaplan? Wat is nu precies het verschil met marketplaces en Programmatic ads? In dit half uur beslechten we de dilemma's en krijg je antwoorden op wanneer het voor jou tijd is om de volgende stap te zetten.
Personal Brand Statement:
As an Army veteran dedicated to lifelong learning, I bring a disciplined, strategic mindset to my pursuits. I am constantly expanding my knowledge to innovate and lead effectively. My journey is driven by a commitment to excellence, and to make a meaningful impact in the world.
What is the TDS Return Filing Due Date for FY 2024-25.pdfseoforlegalpillers
It is crucial for the taxpayers to understand about the TDS Return Filing Due Date, so that they can fulfill your TDS obligations efficiently. Taxpayers can avoid penalties by sticking to the deadlines and by accurate filing of TDS. Timely filing of TDS will make sure about the availability of tax credits. You can also seek the professional guidance of experts like Legal Pillers for timely filing of the TDS Return.
The world of search engine optimization (SEO) is buzzing with discussions after Google confirmed that around 2,500 leaked internal documents related to its Search feature are indeed authentic. The revelation has sparked significant concerns within the SEO community. The leaked documents were initially reported by SEO experts Rand Fishkin and Mike King, igniting widespread analysis and discourse. For More Info:- https://news.arihantwebtech.com/search-disrupted-googles-leaked-documents-rock-the-seo-world/
2. Contents
1.
Introduction to Autonomous Vehicles
2.
Essential Technologies
1. GPS
2. Lidar
3. Radar
4. Video
5. Ultrasound
3.
The Future: Driverless Fleets
Vehicle-to-vehicle interaction
4.
System Integration
CPU and Broadband Requirements
5.
Entrepreneurial Opportunities
evaluation of cost and
performance parameters
3. Introduction
What are Autonomous Vehicles?
Self-driving cars with sensors able to observe and understand surroundings
Google driveless car estimated cost USD$150,000 (Year 2012)
5. Benefits of Autonomous Car
Google’s
Aspiration
Potential Annual Benefits
(US only)
4.95 million fewer accidents
90% reduction 30,000 fewer deaths
in ACCIDENTS 2 million fewer injuries
$400 billion saving in cost
90% reduction
WASTED
COMMUTING
4.8 billion fewer commuting hours
1.9 billion gallons in fuel savings
$101 billion saved in lost
productivity and fuel cost
90% reduction Reduce cost per trip-mile by 80%+
Car utilization from 5-10% to 75%+
in CARS
Better land use.
Ref: http://www.carloan4u.co.uk/infographics/the-ultimate-car-of-the-future/
Google, US NHTSA, AAA, Texas A&M Transportation Institute, Columbia University Earth Institute and Devil’s Advocate Group’s analysis
6. Autonomous Systems Comparison
Google Car
Oxford
Robot Car
Ionut
Budisteanu
Mobil Eye
C2-270
MuCAR-3
Drive-assist
system cost
USD 130,000
USD 7,500
USD 4,000
USD 749
N.A.
Level of
Autonomy
High
Medium
Medium
Low
High
Key
Components
GPS,
3D Lidar
Computation
software
2D Lidar,
Prior
knowledge
Low-end 3D
Lidar,
Webcam
supervisor
program
Mono
camera,
System-onchip
Multifocal
camera,
360º Lidar
Ref: http://www.driverless-future.com/?p=400
Ref: http://www.mobileye.com/blog/press-room/products-press-room/mobileye-announces-new-c2-series-solution-and-previewsnew-technologies/
7. Technology: GPS
GPS
Lidar
Radar
Video
Ultrasound
Space segment composed of GPS
satellites that transmit
time & position
in the form of radio
signals to the user
How GPS Works
Control segment composed of all the
ground-based facilities
that are used to
monitor and control
the satellites
User segment - consists of
the users & GPS receivers
9. Technology: GPS
Reference: GPS in Aerospace
GPS
Lidar
Radar
Video
Ultrasound
FAA data collected in early 2011
shows that the horizontal accuracy of
GPS SPS is often within ~ 1 meter
Reference: GPS in Aerospace
By hypothesis, the car accuracy in
2020 may be within < 50cm
Using Nationalwide Differential
GPS System ~ 10 to 15cm
Ref: Federal Aviation Administration
10. Technology: GPS
GPS
Lidar
Radar
Video
Conditions
Maintain same fuel price
General road conditions
Factors
GPS Cost Benefits
Ultrasound
GPS
Accuracy
Cost
GPS Cost Benefits
Fuel
Accident
consumption rate
Insurance
premium
Time
Enable
potential
cost saving
over time
11. Technology: Lidar
GPS
Lidar
Radar
Video
Ultrasound
• Non-contact technology
– Sense the physical appearance,
speed and distance of objects
through laser.
– Software transforms the data
into 3D representation of
objects in real time
• Mobile Mapping System
– GPS: geo-referencing, motion
sensor optional
– Laser: range finding, property
evaluation
– Software: post-processing, map
construction.
Lidar is uniquely suited to
,
surveys
• 1-1000m distance
• Mm to cm accuracy
Ref: Audi's sensors include radar, lidar, camera, and adaptive cruise-control (source: Audi)
13. Technology: Lidar
GPS
Lidar
Radar
Video
Ultrasound
Component Cost: Laser
Ref: http://www.industrial-lasers.com/articles/print/volume-27/issue-1/features/2011-annual-economic-review-and-forecast.html
Ref: Global Markets for Laser Systems, Components & Materials -- Focus on the Americas published by BCC Research on January 1, 2012
Ref: http://www.toptica.com/products/ultrafast_fiber_lasers/technology.html
14. Technology: Lidar
GPS
Lidar
Radar
Video
Ultrasound
Component Cost: Inertial Sensor
Ref: Technology Trends for Inertial MEMS, market & technology report – Jan 2012
Ref: IC Insights - “Market Analysis and Forecast for Optoelectronics, Sensors/Actuators, and Discretes”, May 2013
20. Technology: Radar
GPS
Lidar
Radar
Larger Bandwidth
Is required for better
1. Range accuracy
2. Contour determination
“79GHz Project” to allocate a broad band for
automotive Short Range Radar applications
Ref: Bandwidth
Requirements for Future
Safety and Comfort
Applications, Markus
Andres, Universität Ulm
Video
Ultrasound
22. Technology: Camera
GPS
Lidar
Radar
Camera Ultrasound
Humans need two eyes to see the world in binocular vision, which enables us to calculate
the object sizes, distances and perceive longitudinal motion.
In recent years (2011 to 2013), stereo video camera system has been created and
adopted by many leading car manufacturers, to give driver assistance systems the same
capacity: a 3-dimentional view of the area in front of a vehicle
Stereo Camera System
23. Technology: Camera
GPS
Lidar
Radar
Camera Ultrasound
Mercedes-Benz S-Class Luxury Sedan – Launched in 2013
One of the most important
development is the introduction on
Stereo Camera Technology
Highlights of the Stereo Camara in S-Class:
- Price: $2,800 for option package of stereo
cameras and radar;
- Opening Angle: 45°;
- 3D view of the road ahead: 50m;
- Total Range: 500m;
- Autonomous emergency braking with
pedestrian detection: up to 72km/h;
- Data usage: 300gb per Hour
- Distance / Height measurement Accuracy:
3 millimeters within 15m
28. Technology: Camera
GPS
Lidar
Radar
Camera Ultrasound
Back-illuminated CMOS image
sensor, which significantly
enhanced imaging characteristics:
- twofold sensitivity
- low noise.
Improvement
Next-generation back-illuminated CMOS
image sensor – Stacked Structure
- Compact Chip Size
- Larger logic circuit scale: 500k gates to
2400k gates
- Possible to optimize manufacturing
process separately for pixel and circuit
section
Ref: http://www.sony.net/SonyInfo/News/Press/200806/08-069E/
Ref: http://www.sony.net/SonyInfo/News/Press/201201/12-009E/
29. Technology: Camera
GPS
Lidar
Radar
Camera Ultrasound
There is a possibility of replacing short & Medium-range rader / laser sensors with
stereo / mono camera system.
Future Aspect
Ref: http://eecatalog.com/fpga/2013/02/07/driver-assistance-systems-with-the-power-of-fpgas/
Ref: http://www.aptina.com/solutions/automotive.jsp
30. Technology: Camera
GPS
Lidar
Radar
Camera Ultrasound
Driving becomes more difficult after sunset. Not only is visibility generally
reduced, but an even more serious challenge on unlighted roads are the
headlamps of approaching vehicles, which can dazzle a driver’s eyes. Currently,
there are in general two designs for night vision system: Passive and Active
Night Vision System
31. Technology: Camera
GPS
Lidar
Radar
Camera Ultrasound
Currently, Night Vision Systems (NVS) are only found out in a handful luxury cars:
e.g. Audi, BMW and Mercede Benz:
Feature
System Type
Price for NVS
Affected by Fog
Audi A8L
Thermal Image Sensor (Passive)
Pedestrian
Detection
Mercedes Benz CL55o
Illuminator + Image
Sensor (Active)
$2300
$2600
$3490
NO
NO
YES
YES
NO
Only warm objects, people and animal
All, including lane marks,
road signs, reflective road
markings, rocks, fallen
trees, etc
Daylight Visibility
Objects can be
viewed
BMW 750i
500 ft
300 ft
300 ft
Ref: http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/gadgets/automotive/in-dash-night-vision-system.htm
Ref: http://www.photonics.com/Article.aspx?AID=23154
Ref: http://www.onemotoring.com.sg/publish/content/onemotoring/en/motoring_buzz/motoring_accessories/bmw_night_vision.print.html
32. Technology: Camera
GPS
Lidar
Radar
Camera Ultrasound
For the last 25 years, number of IR image sensor pixel has been increasing at an
exponential rate, doubling every 19 months, which is in-line with Moore’s law growth
path:
Ref: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350449510001040
33. Technology: Camera
GPS
Lidar
Radar
Camera Ultrasound
Price for uncooled thermal
camera is expected to drop
by as much as 60% in the
next 5 year (2013 to 2018)
Ref: http://image-sensors-world.blogspot.sg/2013/09/yole-reviews-uncooled-ir-imaging-market.html
Ref: http://www.sensorsmag.com/sensors-mag/sharply-lower-costs-uncooled-ir-sensors-may-spur-growth-7260
34. Technology: Ultrasound
GPS
Lidar
Ultrasonic sensors are used to assist
the driver in autonomous vehicle.
Radar
Video
Ultrasound
Radar and ultrasonic sensor
(Courtesy Analog Devices)
Variable gain amplifier used
in ultrasonic sensor
(USD12 each)
(Courtesy Analog Devices)
35. Technology: Ultrasound
GPS
Lidar
Radar
Video
Ultrasound
Cost Down: Advances in Integrated Circuit packaging potentially can drive down ultrasonics
component prices.
Embedded Ultrasonic sensors using
“Chip in Polymer” technology
Estimated to reduce cost by 30%
(courtesy of Fraunhofer Institute IZM)
Embedded ultrasonic sensors for
Automotive.
36. Technology: Ultrasound
GPS
Lidar
Radar
Video
Ultrasound
Parktronic option price on Mercedes E-class Assumptions:
Possible cost down of 5%Possible cost down of 5%
this year
due to advances in circuitfrom 2015
packaging
onwards due process
improvements.
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
Price
100
0
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
(Courtesy of Motortrend)
2017
2018
2019
2020
37. Driverless Fleets
The Future: Vehicle-to-Vehicle/ Infrastructure Interactions
Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) communication
(Courtesy of autoevolution)
Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) communication
V2V and V2I-I2V Communications
(Courtesy of Embedded System Technology)
Communication protocol is based on IEEE 802.11p
Ref: http://www.autoevolution.com/news/gm-begins-testing-of-vehicle-to-vehicle-communication-in-ann-arbor-48560.html
Ref: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.11p
Ref:http://www.uwicore.umh.es/files/paper/2012_international/uwicore_IEEE_Communications_802.11p%20vehicle%20to%20infras
tructure%20communications%20in%20urban%20environments.pdf
38. Driverless Fleets
The Future: Vehicle-to-Vehicle/ Infrastructure Interactions
Data transmission improvement from Year 1999 to Year 2012
(802.11 Network standard)
Logarithmic increase in
data transmission speed.
10000
per data stream (Mbit/s)
Mbit/s (log scale)
1000
100
10
1
802.11a (Yr1999)
802.11b(Yr1999)
802.11g(Yr2003)
802.11n(Yr2009)
802.11ac(Yr2012)
(Courtesy of wiki/IEEE_802.11)
Ref: http://www.ruhr-uni-bochum.de/integriertesysteme/emuco/files/hipeac_trends_future.pdf
802.11ad(Yr2014)
40. Systems Integration (III)
Sensor data --- Central Processing Unit
What autonomous car
see making a left turn
(Courtesy of Robotics
Business Review)
Google car monitoring traffic
(Courtesy of CNN)
750MB of sensor data is
collected per second
(Courtesy of Robotics
Business Review)
CPU in Google Driverless car
(Courtesy of Robotics Business Review)
Ref: http://www.roboticsbusinessreview.com/article/google_car_data_hog_at_speeds_topping_2700gb_per_hour
41. Systems Integration (IV)
Improvements microprocessor speed with time
Improvement made in
1. Transistor count
2. Clock speed (MHz)
3. Power consumption
4. Perf/Clock (ILP)
(Instruction-level parallelism)
Our estimate for the number
of microprocessor used in
Google Car is at least three 2
GHz processor in parallel to
handle the 750 MB of sensor
data per second.
Ref: http://www.gotw.ca/publications/concurrency-ddj.htm
Ref: http://www.extremetech.com/computing/116561-the-death-of-cpu-scaling-from-one-core-to-many-and-why-were-still-stuck
42. Cost Down Estimates
Gasoline car
USD $20,000
Google car
USD $150,000
- USD $20,000
= USD $130,000
$140,000
Component Cost Down ~ 30% Annually
$120,000
$100,000
Year 2020
USD
$80,000
USD $10,706 + 20,000
= USD $30,706
$60,000
$40,000
$20,000
$0
Cost
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
$130,000
$91,000
$63,700
$44,590
$31,213
$21,849
$15,294
$10,706
43. Ongoing Projects / Models
Entrepreneurial Opportunities
Group/Player
Autonomous
vehicle/system/project
Stanford & Udacity, United States
Google Driverless Car
GM-Carnegie Mellon Autonomous Driving Collaborative Research Lab
Boss car
University of Berlin, Germany
Madein Germany vehicle
Technical University of Braunschweig, Germany
Stadpilot
Universität der Bundeswehr, Munich, Germany
MuCAR-3
VisLab, University of Parma, Italy
BRAiVE prototype
Oxford Mobile Robotics Group, UK
Wildcat
INRIA IMARA, Paris, France
Cybercar, cybercars2, LaRA project
Induct Mobility Solutions, France
Navia shuttle, CityMobil2 project
Griffth University, Intelligent Control Systems Lab, Australia
Cooperative driverless vehicles
Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), Korea
ETRI Smart Transport RObot
Autonomous Solutions, Inc (ASI), USA
Vehicle Automation Kit
Singapore-MIT-Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore
Future Urban Mobility
44. Entrepreneurial Opportunities
Autonomous Vehicle
Manufacturers
Increased demand for AV:
• Size, shape, function
customizable
• Open to all users: e.g. the blind,
the handicapped, elderly, children
• AV servicing industry.
Ref: KPMG
Components
Manufacturers
Increased demand for components:
• GPS, Radar, Camera, Lidar,
ultrasonic sensor etc.
• Computer hardware: e.g. high
performance ICs, storage, LCD,
wireless comm, Audio etc.
45. Entrepreneurial Opportunities
Software Developers
Info-Management Companies
• Artificial Intelligence model and
software act as brain of AV
• “Big Data” generated in V2V, V2I
has enormous analysis values
• Real time traffic monitoring data
can be sold to AV comm-network.
Ref: KPMG
Government
Social Services
• AV can be used in Car Rental, Car
Sharing, Auto-Taxi schemes.
Reduce operation cost and
ownership cost by 80%
• New insurance packages for AV.
• Free up lands for various purposes
46. Entrepreneurial Opportunies
Autononmous Car – Interior Design Companies
Change TVRest andOpening Concept
of Doors Relax
Reverse Entertainment Surfing
Windows SeatingtheEnabled
Workingwith Internet
Voice ControlSpace
on
Move
PSP Entertainment
Spacious Arrangement
47. Incentatives for Autonomous Car
Initial phase
Dedicated lanes for Autonomous cars
Tax break for autonomous car buyers
City state like Singapore implement
all autonomous cars only.
(Productivity gain and no more traffic jam)
48. Road Map for Autonomous Car
2012
• Google Driverless car project tests a fleet of self-driving
vehicles, including six Toyota Priuses, an Auti TT, and
three Lexus RX450h’s
• Mercedes, Cardillac, BMW, Auti, and Nissan models
include autonomous steering, braking, acceleration,
parking, lane guidance, accident avoidance and driver
fatigue detection
2014 - 2015
• Google’s fleet of fully autonomous Toyota Prius
hybrids will be released
2018
2020
2020
onwards
• Volvo, GM, Audi, Nissan and BMW have fully
autonomous cars
• Disrupt the conventional car industry!!!
Ref: http://www.carloan4u.co.uk/infographics/the-ultimate-car-of-the-future/